Hripui – Mihringte cho chhuah…?

Khawiah emaw hri a leng fo thin. Hri a len hian han chhui han chhui ila mihringte vang a ni tlangpui thin. Heng hrileng te hi thilsiam tinreng te a lo inbuk tawk leh theihna tura Khuanu remruat a ni…

Khawvelah hian hri a leng fo a, a ṭhen chu hmun zimteah a leng a (endemic), a ṭhen chu hmun zau zawkah (epidemic), a ṭhen erawhin khawvel pum a huap thung (pandemic). Mizoramah pawh hrileng kan tuar ve fo a, 1918 bawr vela “influenza” kha kan tawrh nat ber a ni mai awm e. Khaw ṭhenkhata Zawnghri leng kha an tuar viau bawk. Hri hi engvanga leng ṭhin nge ni ang tih hi zawhna lian tak a ni ang. Chhan hrang hrang a awmin a rinawm. Mi ṭhenkhat chuan ram engemawin ralthuam (Bio-weapon) atana an siam a nih an ring a, ramsa aṭanga kan kai chhawn ni a ngai an awm bawk. Tun ṭumah hian Ecology tarmitin kan thlir dawn a ni.

Khuarel thilthleng – Mihring vang

Khawvela thil thleng tam tak, “khuarel thilthleng” kan tih te hi khawvela chengten kan chenna kan enkawl danin a nghawngchhuah tam tak a awm a, mawhphurtu lianber te chu mihringte kan ni. Chu’ng khuarel chhiatna zingah chuan tuilian te, leimin te, thlipui te pawh a tel thei ang – In kan sak dan phung te, kawlphetha siamchhuahna tura tuikhuah avang te, boruak chhia kan tihchhuah nasat avang tea lo hluar ta an ni. Chutiang zelin khawvel sik leh sa danglam chak lutuk dan te, awmna hri te, dengue te leh khawṭhalo hri leng fote pawh hi mihringte khawsak dan phungin a tih hluar chhoh an ni ber mai.

Pathianin khawvel a duan danah hian thil engkim mai hi inbuk tawk leh inkamki tawkin, inmamawh tawnin a siam a, chu inbuktawn chu a lo danglam hlek hian harsatna eng eng emaw a lo piang ṭhin. Chung zinga pakhat chu hrileng hi ni ngeiin a lang. Hri hi mihring te chungah lo pawh a leng fo a, tun hnaiah pawh vawk pul hri te, arpul hri te, Saza hri te a leng a. Mihringte zingah pawh Ebola te, SARS te, Swine flu te, Avian flu te bakah nantna hri chi hrang hrang a leng ṭhin a, Covid 19 (SARS CoV-2) a leng leh mêk bawk. Heng zawng zawng hi a chhan dik tak hrelo mah ila, Ecological imbalance vang a ni thui hle tih a hriat theih.

Hripui léng tawh ṭhenkhat – Ecology tarmit aṭangin

  1. 1918-a Spanish flu, mi maktaduai 10 chuangin an thihpui, Mizote pawhin Influenza tia kan lo hriat leh kan lo tawrh ve pawh kha tui-sava aṭanga kaichhawna ngaih a ni a, kha hripui kha “Mother of all pandemics” (Morens and Taubenberger, 2018) an ti hial a. Khami a chinah khan a khat tawkin awmna hri (infuenza) hi khawvelah a leng renga ngaih a ni. Kha hripui kha Spain aṭanga darh nia ngaih a nih avanga Spanish flu tih a ni nain khatiang taka a darh a, hriatchhuah a nih hma khan vei engemaw zat an awm tawhin an ring a, kum 1917 khan a darh tawhah an ngai hial. A lo chhuahna bul tak pawh hi rindan chi hrang hrang a awm a, France a nih ring te, China a nih ring te, Britain a nih ring te pawh an awm bawk. Indopui pakhatna hunlai a ni a, Ecological crisis nasat vanglai tak a ni bawk. Indopui lai a nih avangin sipai raldote chu hmun chep tak takah an inêkbeng a, an eitur vawk leh sava lam chi – ar, vatawk adt. an vulh bawk. Tui-sava aṭangin vawkin a kaichhawng a, chu chu mihringin an lo kai chhawng ve leh ta ni a ngaih a ni a (Parrish et. al. 2015; Dunham et. al. 2016). Indopui laia sipai veivakten he natna hrik hi an pu darh nasa ni a ngaih a ni bawk.
  2. Ebola Virus kha bâk chikhat (fruit bat) aṭanga kai nia ngaih a ni a. Kum 2013-a a lo darh ṭanna hmun nia ngaih Africa khawmualpuia Guinea ram chhimlama Méliandou khua hi ramngawin a hual vel ṭhin ram a ni a. Guinea hian kum 30 chhung emaw zet chu kumtin ramngaw 1% vel zel an hloh a, Méliandou khua phei hi chuan theihmun atan leh oil palm hmun atan an ramngaw za a 80 zet chu an ṭhiat a ramsa leh mihring daidangtu a lo chhiat zel avangin ramsain natna hrik an lo mikhual kha mihringin an lo kai ta a, ramsa tana engmah nilo kha a insiam danglam (mutate) zel a, thihna rapthlak thlentu Ebola hripui a lo ni ta a ni (Dorit, 2015).
  3. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) hi kum 2012 khan Saudi Arabia rama damlo pakhat aṭanga hriatchhuah chauh a ni a, Sanghawngsei aṭanga kai nia hriat a ni (Rasmussen et al. 2015). Sanghawngsei hian mihrhing a kaichhawn hma hian a reilo berah kum 20 emaw chhung tal chu an lo pai reng tawh a ngaih a ni a (Azhar et al. 2014; Meyer et al. 2014), eng aṭangin nge Sanghawngsei hian a kaichhawn a, mihringte tana hlauhawm a lo nih tak tih hi tun thlenga an la chhuichhuah theiloh a ni thung (Salkeld et. al., 2016). Kum 2012 aṭang khan MERS-CoV avang hian mi 858 vel tal an thi tawh a ngaih a ni (WHO).

Ramngaw chereu …Ramsa man/ei … Hripui leng

Heng natna hrik te hi ramhnuaiah, an mikhualna, ramsa taksa chhunga an awm mai mai hian mihringte tan a hlauhawm lem loh. Mahse ramsa te leh mihring te kardangtu ramngaw kan tichereu a, ramsa te nen kan inhnaih tur aiin kan inhnaih ta a; mi ṭhenkhatin ramsa an man a, an khawi a, an ei bawk a, chuvang chuan ramsa aṭanga natna kaichhawn theih (Zoonotics) avangin kan buai kan buai ta a ni ber mai. Heng natna hrik te hi an mikhualna – ramsate tana hlauhawm an ni lem lo, mahse mihringa a luh erawh chuan natna ṭihbaiawm tak a ni thei a, tin, ramsa aṭanga mihring ten direct-a kan kai kher loh pawhin ramsain ranvulhah kaichhawngin chu hrik chu a lo insiam danglam (mutate) a, tichuan mihring ten kan lo tawrh theih phah ta ṭhin a ni.

Covid 19 hi China rama Wuhan-a sa (nung leh nunglo) zawrhna aṭanga darh ṭan nia sawi a ni a, helai dawr hmun hi ramsa nung lai chi hrang hrang an zawrhna hmun nia sawi a ni bawk. Heng ramsate aṭanga kaichhawn hi ni ta bera ngaih theih a ni a, he hri a lo darh tak hnu lawka China sawrkarin ramsa zawrh leh ei a khap tak aṭang hian he thu hi an pawm tih a chiang viau awm e.

Pathianin a thilsiam chitin reng te tan ramri fel takin a duang a, mihringte hian kan ramri kan kân nasa ber a, min hungtu (envelope) pelin ke kan pen (de-envelope) fo ṭhin. Hei hi development (de-envelope/desveloper) ṭawngkam lo chhuahna bul nia ngaih a ni bawk. Hmanlai piputen an buh leh bal vennan vauah thang an kam ṭhin. An ramri pela mihringte thlawhhmaa luh tum ramsa chu an lo awk mai ṭhin. Pasalṭha Neuva pawhin a ramri a pel a, Val-upaten thiangloa an ngaih thlengin a tawnluia, a nunna a chan phah hial. Khuarel ramri (Khuavang ri khamsa nilo!) hi kan kân tikah harsatna leh buaina kan tawng fo ṭhin tih a lang reng mai.

Hriléng pumpelh

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Maryland, USA-a zirmite chuan heng ramsa aṭanga natna kan kaichhawn hi a zual telh telh an rin thu kum 2018 khan American Journal of Public Health-ah an lo puang tawh a (Morens and Taubenberger, 2018), David Quammen-a chuan “Ecosystem kan tihhchiat zel avangin a chhunga virus chi hrang hrang awm te kan ching chhuak mêk a, an chenna hmun kan tihchhiat miau avangin chenna thar, mihringah a rawn zawng ta zel a ni” a ti bawk. Mizo upa te pawhin “kan zun ekthli kan tuar ta love” tiin an chenna khaw hrisello chho zel chu pemsanin khawthar an kaiphah ṭhin bawk.

Tunlai khawvela hriléng te hi a bul ṭanna mai niin zirmite chuan an ngai a, hetiang zela kan chenna khawvel kan enkawl chuan a la hluar chho deuh deuh dawn niin an ngai. Tunlai khawvelah hriléng laka invennana khawthar kai maina tur a awm tawh lova, pemsan ngawt theih a ni lo. Zun, êk thli leh bawlhhlawh enkawl kawnga chet fai piahlam a ngaih zia a lang cho mêk. Natna hrik chi hrang hrangte ramhnuaia an awmna aṭangin va chingchhuak kher lo ila, kan himna kulhpui kan ramri hi kan lo ila, mihring zinga an lo luh ve theihlohna turin an chenna ramngaw humhalh zel ila, natna hrik pu darh theitu ramsa leh sava te man, khawi leh an sa ei sim bawk ila, tichuan hri hlauhawm lakah kan him zawk ang a, hrileng pawh kan pumpelh thei zawk ngei ang.

Thu laknate:

  • Azhar EI, El-Kafrawy SA, Farraj SA, Hassan AM, Al-Saeed MS, Hashem AM, Madani TA. (2014). Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus. New England Journal of Medicine 370: 2499–2505.
  • Dorit, R (2015). Breached Ecological Barriers and the Ebola Outbreak. American Scientist. 103(4):256.
  • Dunham, E.J., Dugan, V.G., Kaser, E.K., et al. (2009). Different evolutionary trajectories of European avian-like and classical swine H1N1 influenza A viruses. J Virol. 83(11):5485 – 5494.
  • Meyer B, et al. (2014). Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedaries, United Arab Emirates, 2003 and 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases 20: 552–559.
  • Morens, D.M. and Taubenberger, J.K. (2018). The Mother of All Pandemics Is 100 Years Old (and Going Strong)! American Journal of Public Health. 108(11): 1449 – 1454.
  • Parrish, C.R., Murcia, P.R. and Holmes, E.C. (2015). Influenza virus reservoirs and intermediate hosts: dogs, horses, and new possibilities for influenza virus exposure of humans. J Virol. 89(6):2990 – 2994.
  • Salkeld, D.J., Stapp, P., Tripp, D.W., Gage, K.L., Lowell, J., Webb, C.T., Brinkerhoff, R.J. and Antolin, M.F. (2016). Outbreaks and Emergence of Zoonotic Pathogens. BioScience 66: 118–129.

Phuarbeh Art … ât?

Artist-te an awhawm êm êmna leh an ngaihsanawmna nia ka lo hriat ve ṭhin chu zalên taka an ngaihtuahna leh a mitthla, an suangtuahnate a taka hmuh theih tura an duang chhuak ṭhin hi a ni. Mahse hei hi a lo ni chiahlo emaw ni dawn ni. Artist-te hian sum an thawhchhuah a ngaih avangin an duh ang ni lemlo, mi duh angin, mi tih tir angin hna an thawh a ngaifo mai a lo ni a. Chutianga mi tih tir anga an hnathawh chu “commisioned work” an ti a ni awm e. Chumi piahlamah chuan mipui vantlangin an lawm a, an ngaihzawn tura duhawmna leh ngaihnobeina an bilh thuah ṭun, “romanticise” an tih mai, hralh nuam riau tur chi te pawh a la awm leh zel a ni awm e. Ṭhenkhat ve thung erawh chuan ngaihnobeina leh duhawmna te chu an ngaipawimawh lem lo, mawina aiin takna an dah lian a, duhawmna aiin inpuanchhuahna an dah sang zawk ṭhin. Hnam rilru chawhthawhnan te pawh an hmang ta ve awm e!

Painting sawihlawh

Painting sawihlawh tak mai kha a tak ngeiin ka hmu a, a paint-tupa kutchhuak dang pawh ka hmu nual tawh bawk. A kutchhuak dangte nena khaikhin ralah chuan chuti taka han ṭha fal emaw a ni lem lo a, mawina leh duhawmna emaw, ngaihnobeina emaw a nei pawhin ka hre lo. Ama’rawhchu Pu Zorama hlimsang mai kha erawh “a Pu Zorama” hliah hliah a, “portrait” ṭha bik a chhiar tur zinga mi a ni ang. A hawtu ten an huatchhan ber nia lang, Portrait hnunga serthlum rawng leh a tlangkuala rawng hring inzawmna laia Lotus par anga ngaih theih, parparh silo awm kha a ni awm e. A hawtute hian a BJP niin an ngai a, Pu Zorama lem BJP chhinchhiahna hmanga han cheibawl vel kha pawm harsa an ti niin a lang. BJP nena an thawhho dan zawng zawng hre vek chunga Mizotena ro min rel tura kan thlan tlin an ni a, tun a taka an thawhpuite nena an inzawmna ti lang thei tur awm ang lemziak han huatthar leh viau hi hriatthiam har ka tih êm êm lai  chu a ni. “Kan inzawmlo” ti se dawt an sawi a ni tih hrechiangtu te chu vote hlu tak petu te tho hi kan ni. An zawmpui, an thawhpuite hi an zahpui thar leh ta thut nge, a ruk takin bansan an lo tum reng zawk!

Chapchar Kut Art exhibition 2020…art work, art work an la sawn lai…Whatsapp-a ka dawn

An haw miau si a

An haw miau si a le! An huat êm êm avanga anmahni duhthua an va chhuh ngawt mai kha a mak lehzuala chu a ni. Eng thu neihna nge an neih bik le? Mizo chanchinah hla inphuah el avanga Chhim leh Hmar indo a lo chhuah thu kan hmu a, tuna lemziak erawh intihelna lam aiin a ziaktuin a veizawng a phochhuahna a ni mai zawk si. Ruling ṭhalaite hian an thiltih hi ngaihtuahna fim hmangin an ngaihtuah lo em ni ang? Dan siamtu nih tum, ram roreltu ni tura inbuatsaih mêk tan heti taka dan leh hrai palzut leh dan hnuaia mi zalenna rahbeh hi a awm anglo takzet a ni. Hotu te laka mark ṭhat tum luata daibaw palh an nih phei chuan hotute tihmingchhetu zawk an ni ang. (Dan an bawhchhiat leh a kaihhnawih chungchang hi Vanglaini Chanchinbu Mar. 10, 2020-ah tihchhuah a ni).

Ze hrang – duh dan hrang

Mihring kan inanglo ang bawkin Artist-te tuipui zawng leh vei zawng, ngaihtuah zawng pawh a danglam a. Mizo artist tam zawk chuan hmanlai Mizo khua niawm tak  leh Mizo zia-rang pholang thei lam hawi lemziak an tuipui a. Chutiang lama kal lo tlemte an awm a, thuamhnaw leh silh leh fen hmanga Mizona phochhuah an tum lem lo; Thlana pawh hi chu’ng zinga mi chu a ni. Mizo te dinhmun leh hun tawn mêk  lama ngaihtuahna sengin, politics avanga boruak inlumlet mêk te, chi leh chi inthliarna duhlohna lam te hi India ram khawpui hrang hrang leh Sapram thlenga lemziak leh kutchhuak dang hmangin a phochhuak tawh a ni, Thlana hian.

Tihsual?

Mizote zingah hian Art tuipuia nunpui tam tak an awm a, chung miten hma an sawn theihna tura hmalatu pawl lian tak Mizoram Art Development Society (MADS) a awm a, chu pawlah chuan Thlana hi member a ni bawk. Hetianga Thlana kutchhuak avanga inhnialna nasa tak a awm mêk lai hian MADS lam chuan an tihsual a ni tih pawmin, thuphachawina an tichhuak hial a.  Ni e, MADS-in an tihsual lian tak chu Curator mumal tak emaw endiktu bik emaw awm lo a Exhibition an buatsaih kha a ni phawt mai. Kutchhuak an dawn zawng zawngte thlifim hmasa loa an pho chhuah mai zel avangin tihsual pawh an neih phah ta reng a ni.

Phuarbeh…?

Mizo te hi kan la tamloh avang te leh  Art kan thlir dan zim tak avang te hian Artist-te tan tak pawh tihngaihna a vang ṭhin a, puitu (patron) an mamawh zual bik niin a lang. Mizorama artist ten an nghenchhan lian ber chu Sorkar a ni a; MADS kaltlangin Sorkar sum an hmang ṭhin. Hei vang hian MADS tan Sorkar pawisawi a hlauhawm te pawh a tih theih ang. Thlana kutchhuak hi rorellai ṭhalai pawlten an huat tak tlatah chuan rorellai an nihna hmachhuanin MADS vilvangtu I & PR lam kaltlangin hetiang hian hma an la chhunzawm zel niin a ngaihtheih bawk. MADS chu tuboh leh dolung inkarah awmin, an artist-pui, “an member thlavang nge an hauh anga anmahni tungnungtu sorkar thlavang?” tih hi an ngaihtuah ve viauin a rinawm. An thutlukna erawh Artist dang, baihvai tak takte damkhawchhuahna tur zawk a ni ta thung.

Art Zalên

Hmanlai aṭang tawhin Artist-te hian anmahni puitu, a bikin sum leh paia puitu (patron) te hnenah an zalênna an hralh ve fo ṭhin. Tun ṭumah pawh hian artist te zalenna chu sum leh paia khaichhuaktu te lakah hralh a ni leh ta a tih loh theihloh. Artist tam tak chuan zalênna an mamawh a, zalênna an neih theihlohna hmuna awm reng ai chuan inbawlhran a, kaldan thar dinchhuah pui mai an duh zawk fo. Art movement thar lo pianchhuah ṭhin nachhan te pawh hi zalen taka mahni ngaihdan leh duhdan puanchhuah an duh vang ni pakhatin a lang. Khawvel ṭhang zelah ngaihdan leh pawm dan chi hrang a lo piang zel a, mimal zalênna a lo pung zel bawk, chu chuan artist-te thinlungah pawh zalên duhna, mahni ngaihdan puanchhuah duhna lian tak a pe ve zel bawk a ni. Tun ṭuma kan hun tawn hian Art movement thar, Art-huaisen, phuarbehna hruihrual thing thla ngam, mahnia ding ngam cho chhuak ngei se a duhawm tak zet a ni.