Mizorama tualṭo mau leh rua kan neih zingah Rawmi (Botanical name – Dendrocalamus sikkimensis) hi a lian ber a, a ṭhat duhna hmunah chuan ‘ui pum tia tia a ni thei e,’ an ti ṭhin; a tlang tehkuala 1ft hi chu a vantlang pawl a ni. Awm duhna hmun bik nei, Zo bawm (1000 – 1800m msl) a nih avangin mau leh raw dang ang chuan Mizoramah hian a ṭona hmun a tam lo a, Zo nazawngah a ṭo hek lo. Hei vang hi ni maw, raw dang ang chuan kan hmang nasa lo deuh. Mizoram bakah India hmarchhak state dang – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland leh Sikkim-ah te a tualṭo a, tin, China leh Bhutan-ah te pawh a tualṭo bawk.
Rawmi, Mission Vengthlang, 2020
Raw lian tak (a lai hawlhtlanga 12 – 18cm), sang thei tak (17 – 22m), hung nei chi, chang dam zet mai a ni a, a pum a chhah lutuk loh avangin a deh a nuam viau bawk. Chutih rual erawh chuan a duap avangin engtiang taka tlo nge ni ang? Tih erawh ngaihtuah ngun deuh a ngai awm e. Tin, hmanraw dang hmanga sawngbawla tih tlo deuh pawh a ngai ngeiin a rinawm. Sikkim rama Bawṭe ho leh Lepcha ho chuan ‘Chungas’ siam nan an hmang uar hle a, chu chu tui leh bawnghnute bur atan an hmang ṭhin a, ran chaw atan an hmang ṭhin bawk. A hnah hi erawh bawng tan túr niin an sawi thung (Tewari, 1992). Kerala-ah kum 1992 khan lakluh a nia, anni chuan pal atan te, tui dawt atan te an hmang a (Jijeesh et al., 2012), tin, lehkhapuan siamna atana hmantlak a nih thu finfiah a ni tawh bawk (Holstrom, 1993). Mizote pawhin hmanlai chuan tui um atan an hmang nasa ṭhin a, thirdeng pûm atan te, dâp atan te pawh an hmang ṭhin bawk.
Rawmi tâm, Keifang, 2020
Rawmi tâm
Mau leh rua hian tâm dan hlun deuh bik chi hnih an nei a chung te chu tampui (gregarious) leh tam-kahpah (sporadic) a ni a, mau chi ṭhenkhat chu kum tina tam (annual) te pawh a awm ve bawk. ‘Chumi chi chu chutiang chuan a tâm’ tih ngawt hleihtheih a ni lo a, sik leh sa inher danin a nghawng dan leh a chi bul (seed source)-in kawngro a su viau niin a lang. Rawmi hi India rama a tâm an hriat theih hla ber chu kum 1885-a Sikim-a a tâm kha a ni a, Kalimpong chhehvelah kum 1916 chho khan tampui a thleng leh a, tin, Darjeeling chhehvelah kum 1991 khan tampui a thleng leh bawk (Sahoo, 1991).
Rawmi rah, Rengngo tlang, Dampa Tiger Reserve chhung, kum 2011 a mi (Inset: Rawmi chi fangkhat)
Mizoramah hian 1977 – 1979 chhung khan Sangau chhehvelah a kahpahin a tam a (Mohan Ram and Gopal, 1981), kum 2003 khan Serkhan chhehvelah a kahpahin a tam bawk a, tunhnaiah pawh a kahpah thoin hmun hrang hrangah a tam leh bawk a. Kum 2011 khan Rengngo tlang, Dampa Tiger Reserve chhungah a tâm a, a chi hi EF&CC leh a chi ka pêk mi ṭhenkhat te pawhin an kui ṭiak nual nghe nghe. Hemi hnu pawh hian khawi khawi emawah a tam pheuh pheuh a, nikum, 2020 khan Leitan, Mission Vengthlang, Keifang, Buhban leh Chalfilh tlang chheh vêlah a tâm bawk. Buhban leh Chalfilh a mi tihloh hi chu phun chawp vek a ni thung. A theih ang ang chu a hmuna tlawhin sample kan la a, amaherawhchu Covid avanga inkhuahkhirhna hrang hrang avangin duh angin kan bawhzuiin kan zirchiang hlei thei ta lo a, a uiawm tak zet a ni. Tin, heng chhinchhiah bakah pawh hian mautam rual leh a hnu deuhah khan hmun ṭhenkhatah a tâm thu sawi an awm bawk.
Saithah Forest Complex-ah Rawmi chi an kui ṭiak, 2011.
Rawmi plantation – a beiseiawm em?
Sawi tawh angin Rawmi hi Zo-bawm rua a ni a, tin, ngaw kara ṭo chi, ngaw thing-in a khai a ngai ṭhin. Chutianga rinchhan tur a thatna hmunah, boruak leh lei hnawng ṭhatna hmunah chuan pum lian pui pui a ni thei a, amaherawhchu rinchhan tur ṭha a awmlohnaah chuan a ṭhan a ṭhu deuh ṭhin niin a lang. Tin, rua rau rauah chuan inthlahpung chaklo pawl tak, tuai chhuah tlem pawl tak a ni bawk.
Rawmi tuai, Dr. C. Biakmawia kawmthlang, Leitan a mi, 2012
Chuvang chuan Rawmi plantation hi engtiang chiaha kalpui nge an tum tih hi zawhna awm thei tak a ni. Mau leh raw dang anga ramngaw vah fai vek a, hal hnua a ṭiak phun tawp hian a nun chu a nung maithei, mahse khaitu tur thing awm lo, lei hnawng vawnghimtu thingkung leh hnimdang awmlohnaah, ni sain a em tlawk tlawkna hmunah an beisei anga lian an thar thei angem? Tih ngaihtuahnaah a awm. Ngaw karah a ṭiak hi phun ta pheuh pheuh se hlawk tham tharchhuah a har viau si angem? Tin, ngaw kara phun ngawt hi Revised National Bamboo Mission (NBM) hmathlir nen chuan a inpersan viau bawk si.
Rawmi hung, a tâm hnu, Mission Vengthlang, 2020
Tin, buan a hmaa kherh kan ni em lovang chu maw, eng atana hmanah nge an hisap? tih hi zawhna lian tak a ni bawk. Ram danga an hman dan te thlir chuan rua ho zingah pawha hman lar loh pawl tak a ni a, a ṭhat bik riauna an hre fuh te pawh a lo ni reng thei tho bawk e. Engpawh nise bamboo composite atan chuan a hman tlak ngei ang tih erawh a rinawm. A van avang leh a len avang ringawta bawh huam huam chi a ni angem?
Rawmi hi ngaw karah, rinchhan tur thing a awmnaah chuan a lian thei bik hle. Rengngo Tlang, Dampa Tiger Reserve, 2011.
Rawmi hi NBM Guidelines-in chin tur a thlan zingah a tello a. Amaherawhchu he guidelines hian tualṭo mau, a chingtu tur te duhthlan leh Industry lama hman ṭangkai theih te chu chin a remti thung. Mau-raw plantation siam tur hi sorkarin a thlang fel tawh a, chu’ng mite chuan Rawmi hi an lo thlang a nih chuan sawisel tur a awm lovang. Tin, Industry lamin Rawmi hi an lo mamawh viau avang emaw Industry lamin a ṭhatna an hre viau a, an lo duh ru viau tawh emaw a nih tal pawhin sawisel theih a ni lovang. Chutiang chu a nih loh hlauh erawh chuan NBM kaltlanga ṭanpuina kan beisei hi kan dawng theilo ang tih te pawh a hlauhawm thei viau mai.
Nikum khan Covid inkhuahkhirhna vanglai tak maiin Dendrocalamus brandisii leh D. latiflorus ṭiak supply tur zawnna tender tihchhuah a ni a, kuminah Covid avang bawka inkhuahirhna kalpui a nih lai taka Rawmi ṭiak supply tur zawnna tihchhuah a ni leh hi ngaih kawih a awl khawp mai. A hnathawktu te hnena, Sawrkarin, vehbur a khawn zawh hlima sum tam tak sênna tur tender tihchhuah hi a bawplawka lo la duh an awm a nih pawhin a mawh love. Tin, nikumah hmun ṭhenkhatah a kahpahin a tam a, a tira Sorkar Policy-a tel sa miah lo, tualṭo mah nise, kumina an han duh thar ta thut hian ngaihtuahna a ti kal thui viau bawk. Nikuma hmun ṭhenkhata tâm kha a chi lain tuin emaw, sorkara tlatlum takin, a lo kui ṭiak bik khiau em ni ang? tia ngaihtuah loh a har viau bawk.
Engpawh nise sorkarin kan rama tualṭo ngei tihpun duhna thinlung a pu ve ta hi erawh a lawmawm tak zet a, hmasawnna ropui tak niin a lang. Engtianga tih puitlin tur chi nge ni a, eng ‘ecosystem‘ nge a mamawh tih te, a hmanna tur leh a hralhna tur chenin thui tak an thlir lawkin ruahmanna an siam lawk ngei beisei ang.
Thu laknate:
Holstrom, J. 1993. Utilization of bamboos in the Sikkim Himalayas. BIC-India Bullettin 3(1):22 – 24.
Jijeesh, C.M., Seethalakshmi, K.K. and Raveendran, V.P. 2012. Flowering, reproductive biology and post flowering behaviour of Dendrocalamus sikkimensis Gamble, in Kerala, India. The Journal of the American Bamboo Society 25(1): 36-42
Mohan Ram, H.Y. and Gopal, B.H. 1981. Some observation on the flowering of bamboos in Mizoram. Curr. Sci. 50:708 – 710.
Sahoo, A.K. 1991. Flowering of Bamboos in the foothills of Darjeeling Himalaya. Indian Forester, 117:84
Tewari, D.N. 1992. A monograph on bamboo. IBD, Dehradun
Vawiin, September 18 hi World Bamboo Day a ni a, kumdang ang chu nise khawvel ram hrang hrangah, he ni denchhen hian, Mau-rua awmna leh awmlohnaah pawh eng eng emaw an huaihawt leh ngei ang. Mizorama Bamboo Day liantham taka kan hman hnuhnun ber kha 2018 kha a ni a, khami denchhen khan a lawmna chi hrang hrang – technical session te, mau-rua hmanga thil siamchhuak ten an kutchhuak hmangin exhibition an nei a…fashion show emawni kha a lar ta ber lawi a, chanchinthar lamah pawh hmun a chang tam ta ber zawk awm e.
Mautak hmunah – Sawmkima
Kumina World Bamboo Day thupui chu ‘Bamboo now‘ tih a ni a, Mau-rua hmanga ei leh bara intodelh te, khawvel boruak chhe zel siam ṭhat te hi an thu ken laipui ber a ni. A bik takin ram rethei (developing countries) leh khawpui pawna awm (rural communities) te tan phei chuan intodelhna hnar, eizawnna tling a nih theih dan te, khawvel boruak chhe mêk tiziaawm tura mau leh raw ṭangkaina lam te hi mithiamte rilru sen nasatna a ni ta.
Mizopa dap chik
Mizoram hian mau lam chi kan ngah hle mai a, kan mau neih tam zawk erawh a nawlpui chuan kan hmang ṭangkai chiam lo a, mautak, rawnal, rawṭhing leh phulrua te hi kan hmang uarin kan hmang nasa hle a; Mizorama mau leh raw lam chia a tam ber pawh an ni bawk. Kut themthiam deuh te chuan rawngal te, sairil te pawh ṭangkai takin an hmang thung lawi a.
Lemziak mual mawng lama rawnal hung
Mau hmanna hi a tam a, kan hman duh dan a zirin mau chi hrang hman tlak lehzual deuh bik te pawh a awm awm e. China ho chuan an mau chhuanvawr, Moso hmanna tur hrang hrang an duang a, chumi mil chuan Moso sawngbawlna tur khawl an siam mai bawk a. Keini erawhin hachhek leh chempui piahlam chu kan la siamchhuak hleitheilo a, themthiam leh remhre zual ṭhenkhat ten Bamboo vinegar ur chhuahna khawl te, mau-meihawl rawhna te, mau phelsinna te an duangchhuak ve mêk bawk a.
Mau-meihawl, Mizopa siam
Mau hman ṭangkaina hria tam zawk chuan khawvel ramdanga mau an hman ṭangkai dan a bikin, furniture siamnana hman an sawi mawi a, chuvang chuan Mizorama mau kan neihsa te hi laktlakloh niin an hria a. Mi ṭhenkhat thung chuan Bamboo composite board (Mau – thingzai leh board/matply) siam te an sawi mawi a, matply industry kan nei reng a, Mizorama mau leh raw tualṭo hmangin Bamboo matply an siamchhuak reng tawh zawk tih an hre lo ni maw, ramdang mau hmang chauha siam theih niawm thawthanga sawiin Mizorama mau leh rua te hi tihtlakloh chhuahin an chhuah ve bawk a.
Mizote hian chemfawng atan raw zung/bul (rhizome) kan hmang nasa hle
Mizorama mau tualṭo chi hrang 20 chuang kan neihte zingah mautak hi a tam lawt laka, he mautak hi lehkhapuan ṭha chi siamna atana hmanraw ṭha bik a nih zia kan sawi tel hram teh ang. Lehkhapuan siamchhuahna tura chakkhai ṭha ber te zinga mi kan ngah teh lul nen a lam kan la hawi hleitheilo a. Hetilam sawi thawm a rik apiangin a hre ril deuh ten Panchgram-a paper mill (Cachar Paper mill) an tlakchhiat thu an lo sawi ve var zel bawk a. Anni an tlakchhiat avanga keini kan lo tim ve ringawt lai hi hriatthiam a har viau. Eirukna a nasat vanga tlachhia niten an sawi…eiru ve nghal turah an Mizo puite min ngai a nih loh vek pawhin eiruk ve an tum a nianga tih ngaihtuah mai a awl viau.
Bamboo Activated Charcoal powder Mizopa siam
Mizorama mau te ṭangkai lehzuala kan hman a, ei leh bara intodelh theihnana hmang tur chuan tun aia nasa zawka kan zirchian a ṭul. A vawnṭhat dan ṭha zawk leh man man zawk te, a tuai khawrh dan mumal leh sawngbawl dan ṭha zawk te, a tisa chhung ril awm dan leh nihphung te chena zirchian a ngai awm e. Heng hriatna hmang te hian eng atan nge hmang ila ṭha ber ang a, eng atana hmanin nge ramin a hlawkpui ber ang? tih te pawh a chhut chhuah theih awm e.
Ei leh bara Mizoram kan intodelh theihna tura kan vawkpa sut nghak, Pathianin kan rama a dah sa kan mau leh rua te hi kan ser ve a hun ta e. Bamboo Now!
Environment & Forest Department-in an chhianchhiah danin kum 2010 thleng khan Mizoramah hian mau chi hrang 35 a awm a, chung zinga 25 chu tualṭo a ni a, a dang 10 chu lakluh (introduced) a ni (E&F, 2010); heng ramdang maute hi kum 2006 aṭanga 2009 inkara Mautam dolêtna scheme – BAFFACOS (Bamboo Flowering and Famine Combat Scheme) leh National Bamboo Mission (NBM) kaltlang te a lakluh ni berin a lang. Ramdang mau, Mizorama lakluh tam zawk hi a tira a laluttu te beisei leh ngaihtuah ang kha pha tak ang maw?
Kan Chief Minister zahawm takin chawkluh a tum raw chi 2, Mizo te dinchhuahna tur bulpui, India Hmarchhaka helna tihrehna tur a hmanraw tangkai la ni thei te hi i lo bihchiang dawn teh ang:
1. Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz–
Raw lian tak, hung nei chi, Tropical Wet Evergreen Forest (Phai-ruahtui dawng tam ngaw)-a awm chi a ni a, India ramah chuan Manipur leh Andaman thliarkarah a tualṭo-a, Myanmar, Thailand tih velah a awm bawk. India ram hmundangah a tualṭo thu sawi a la awm lo. Manipur-ah chuan Jiribam chhehvelah a tualṭo a, Meitei ho chuan ‘Wanan’ tiin an sawi. Kum 1913 chho aṭang khan Coorg District, Karnataka-ah lakluh a ni a, ‘Burma bamboo’ tia hriat a ni, chuta ṭang chuan India ram hmundangah, a bikin Chhim lamah, thehdarh a ni ve ta zel a ni. India chhimlama an duhchhan nia an tarlan chu khung lai rama mau-raw tualṭo [Bambusa bambos (Mizo: rawhling); Dendrocalamus strictus (Mizo: Tursing)] te ang lo taka hling a neih ve loh vang te, a pum/a hung a ngil vang te leh a pum a len zawk vang te a ni ber (Viswanath et. al. 2013). Karnataka leh a chhehvela an hmanna tam ber chu deh hnang atan te, pal banah te leh leilawn siam nan te a ni a (Singh 1986; Viswanathan et al. 2013), Manipur-a a tualṭonaah chuan a tuai an ei a (Viswanathan et al 2013), Manipur khawpui Imphal leh a chhevel bazar-a mau-raw lam kaihhnawih thil chi hrang hrang zawrhnaah erawh ‘Wanan’ aṭanga siam emaw a tuai emaw a awm ve lo thung (Singh et al. 2003).
India Chhim lam state ṭhenkhata an chin, Institute of Wood Science and Technology (IWST), Bangalore ten an zirchianna aṭanga a ṭhatna leh ṭhat tawklohna an sawi hrang hrang lo thlir ila:
1.1 A ṭhatna te:
(a) Hling a nei lo, a kung a ngil. A hung a bit lo.
(c) Hmun hnawng leh uap (humidity sang)-ah a ṭha duh a, pal-chawi atan te, kawr kam leh dil kama phunah te a ṭha.
(b) A pum a len avang leh a chang a khat avangin paih tur a tlem a, agarbatti kuang atana hman a remchang.
(d) Tuai a chhuah hnem; a tuai hi a eitlak bawk. Deh hnang atan leh hriamhrei fawng/ha atan a ṭha bawk. Maimaw pangnang khawina thlangra atan te, In chhung sekrek thil hrang hrang atan te, thing leh thlai kung do na atan te a ṭha.
(e) A tâmin chi a chhuah te hi awlsam takin a ṭiak thei; a chi a tlak hlima kui/chin vat a nih loh chuan a thi (inviable) hma hle thung; a zung kar (rhizome) pawh tihpunna remchang tak a ni.
(f) A hnah leh a ṭang tla a tam avangin leiṭha (vermicopost) siamnan a hman theih.
1.2 A ṭhat tawklohna te
(a) Uluk taka enkawl a, a zar hlawi zung zung loh chuan zar hnawksak tak a chhuah hnem a, a len tak tak hnuah phei chuan enkawl harsa tak a ni.
(b) Chinpun atana a zung kar a harsain, a hautak.
(c) A pum a len avangin sah hnuah lakchhuah a hautak.
(d) A pum a len avangin phurhkual a hautak a, a ṭiak leh a bulkar ken kual zung zung a harsa.
(e) Tui a paihnem avangin, uluk taka thah a sawngbawl loh chuan pal leh eng ilo a hmanin a tlo lo, kum a daih meuh lo.
1.3 Bawmtu leh natna
D. brandisii hi India ram
hmun tam zawkah mikhual a nih miau avangin India rama mau-raw dang aiin bawmtu
leh zar buaitu a ngah emawni tih tur a ni. Chung zinga langsar zualte chu Aphids, leafminer leh termites te a ni.
Aphids – Mau hnah leh a ṭanga tuihnang (sap) dawttu a ni a, a tuai chhuah hlim aṭanga zar a neih thlengin an bawm tlang pui ṭhin, hei hian a kung a ti chaklo-a, a ti hrisello a, a tlo loh phah thei.
Leafminers – Keptuam leh ram tho lam chi ho engemaw zatin D. brandisii hnah hi tuinan an hmang ṭhin a, heng rannung tui te hian mau hnah hi chawah an ring a, an ei filh rel rul ṭhin.
Termites – A pum sah hlim, thah nghal (treatment pêk) siloh hi tlumpi (termites) in an bawm duh hle. Tlumpi hian a thahrui a chhah sak a, ruah tui leh hnawng a ngam loh phah sawt a, a tlo loh phah ṭhin. Tlumpi leh eichhetu laka venhimna kawng awlsam ber chu sah hlim a thah (treatment pêk) a ni.
Leaf blight leh Alternaria leaf spot an tih mai hi Fungi chi lam zinga mi Fusarium spp leh Alternaria spp ten an thlen a ni a. Heng natna hrang hrang te hian mau ṭhan lenna leh a tisa chhungril insiamrema, inthuamchak tur a ti ṭhuanawp a, a zik a tluak loh phah thei a, a tlo loh phah ṭhin.
Mau-raw dang ang bawkin a tam ve ṭhin a, kum 45 – 50 inkardanah, tam dan chi hnih sporadic (tahtawla tam) in emaw leh gregarious (tampui)-in emaw a tam ṭhin. Kum 1961 – 1962 khan Karnataka-ah a tam a, kum 1987 – 1988 khan Manipur-ah a tam bawk. Hemi hnu hian a tam leh thu sawi a awm tawh rih lo.
2. Dendrocalamus
latiflorus Munro
Raw chi ṭha nia an sawi dang leh chu Taiwan giant bamboo an tih mai, Taiwan hoin ‘Ma’ an tih Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro hi a ni a. Myanmar leh China chhimlam leh Taiwan-ah te tualṭo a ngaih a ni a (Dransfield and Widjada, 1995), Asia chhim-chhak lam ram ṭhenkhatah chin pun a ni bawk (Rhind, 1945)
D. latiforus hi hung chhah tak nei chi a ni a, raw sang tak 45 ft aṭanga 82 ft thlenga sang thei a ni a, mau-raw lam chiah chuan a sang thei bera ngaih a ni. A tlang tehkualin 3 inches – 8 inches-a lian a ni tlangpui a, a chang leh chang inkar hi 8 inches – 27 inches-a sei a ni thei bawk. A tualṭona hmunah te hian phaikuam aṭanga Zongaw-ah a ṭo tlangpuia, ruahtui tamna hmunah a ṭhangduang bik bawk. Chutih rual chuan lei bán leh dûpah te, leiṭhil – al bawk si (alkaline) emaw lei thur (acidic)-ah te emaw chuan a ṭhan a ṭhalo a, tuai ei tur phei chuan chin loh a ṭha zawk.
Dendrocalamus latiflorus tuai, Mokokchung District, Nagaland a mi. D. latiflorus leh D. giganteus te hi raw chi inhnaih tak leh thliar hran har tak a ni a, a par (tam) aṭanga thliar hran a awl ber niin an sawi
He rua hi Manipur leh Nagaland-ah pawh chin a ni a, Manipur-ah chuan Kuki hoin Myanmar aṭanga an lakluh nia ngaih a ni (Naithani, 2006). India ramah chuan Nagaland hi D. latiflorus tam berna hmun a ni (Naithani, 2006); kum 2004 – 2005 khan Nagaland hmun hrang hrangah a tam a, kum 2008 khan a tahtawlin Manipur-ah a tam ve leh bawk. Raw dang ang thoin kum 45 – 50 inkara tam chi a ni a, a tahtawlin emaw, a pumpuhlumin emaw a tam ṭhin (Naithani, 2006). Taiwan lamah chuan a tam thu hriat tur a awm meuh lo a, Phillipines, Indonesia leh China-ah te erawh a tahtawlin, a hun pangngaiah a tam ṭhin (Dransfield and Widjaja, 1995). A zung kar leh a chi kuiṭiah hmanga chin pun a ni ber a, Taiwan-ah chuan kum 1995 khan hlawhtling takin tissue culture hmangin a chi siam chhuah a ni tawh bawk (Dransfield and Widjada, 1995).
Ao-Naga hoin Warok (D. latiflorus) pum an hmandan chi khat. Image courtesy: Dr. Wapung Walling
Ralleng (Naga) ho hi Mizo te ang bawk a mau-raw hmang nasa an ni a, In sak nan te, hriamhrei ha/fawng atan te, kawng chi hrang hrangin an hmang a. He rua, D. latiflorus hi Chakesang-Naga ho chuan ‘Kupho’ an ti a, thil kumhlun lo chi, râp In leh chhawl buk sak nan te, Inchhung sekrek thil siam nan te an hmang ber a, mau-raw dang aia a duap avangin a tlo lo a, rinrawlah an neih lo. Angami–Naga ho chuan ‘Vumi’ tiin an sawi a, In châk atan an hmang ber a, slab/beam do nan te an hmang ṭhin. Ao-Naga ho ve thung chuan ‘Warok’ tiin an sawi a, chakkhai leklamah, hmanraw chhehchhawl ber atan an hmang a, thil kumhlun tur chiah an hmang ngai meuh lo a, hun reilo te chhunga hman tur, thehthang leh mai theih atan an hmang deuh ber, thingtlang khaw ṭhenkhatah chuan tui chawi nan an la hmang bawk. Kum 2015-a Chozüba, Phek District-a ka kal ṭum pawhin he rua hi mo lawmna ruai ṭhehnaah kutsilna tur tuidawn atan an hmang.
National Bamboo Policy (Revised) leh kan beisei raw
chi hnih
India ramin mau tharchhuah leh a kaihhnawih lama hma kan sawn theihna tura hmalakna lianpui mai kan neih chu National Bamboo Mission a ni a, kum 2006 – 2007 khan a thawhkhatna duan chhuah a hman nghal a ni a, he Mission kaltlang hian Mizoramah pawh Mau plantation engemawzat siam a ni nghe nghe a, a chhawr ber State te zinga mi pawh kan ni awm e. Kum 2018 khan NBM hnathawh dan leh hmasawn dan te ennawn a ni a, kalphung thar an duang a, Operational guidelines of National Bamboo Mission (Revised June, 2019) siam chhuah a ni ta a ni.
Operational guidelines of National Bamboo Mission (Revised June, 2019)
Chu guidelines-ah chuan a ram leilung leh sik leh sa a zirin mau chin pun tur thlan tur a nih thu te leh a ram mi ten an mamawh leh hman ṭangkai chi ngaihpawimawh a nih tur thu te tarlan a ni a (section 10.1); rawmngaw nilo, ram bua leh thing ṭo lohna hmunah te, luikamah te heng mau te hi chin tur a ni. India rama mau tamna hmuna mi te leh mau hman uarna hmuna mi te hman dan hrang hrang te, khawvelin mau a hman dan te bakah, sik leh sa leh ram leilung te thlir chungin he guidelines-ah hian mau chin tur bik chi kua a tarlan a ni a (section 10.2), chung zinga chi 5 – Rawṭhing (Bambusa tulda), Ankuang (B. nutans), Phulrua (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii), Phungkirua (Thyrsostachys oliverii) leh Mautak (Melocanna baccifera) te chu Mizoram kan neih sa te vek an ni a. Mizoram kan neihsa loh te hi India Hmarchhaka kan state ṭhenawm hnaia tualṭo te vek a ni a, kan ram hruaitu te duhthusam raw chi hnih – D. brandisii leh D. latiflorus te hi chu an tel ve lo!
Hung nei nge
neilo?
Hman deuh khan China mau ṭha chi Moso kha lakluh tumin an beichiam tawh a, an duh chhan chu “a pum a lian a, hung a neilo bawk a, sah a awl” tih kha a ni a. Tun ṭuma raw chi hnih te hi “a pum a len bakah hung nei chi…” a nih vanga thlan a ni leh thung lawi a. Khawvelah hian rua leh mau te hi an ṭo dan a zirin chi hnihin an ṭhen phawk a, chi khat chu hung nei chi, Science ṭawngkama ‘Sympodial’ an tih mai chi hi a ni a, ‘tufted’ tih te ‘caepitose’ tih te pawhin an sawi bawk. Chi dang leh chu hung neilo chi a ni a, ‘monopodial’ tiin Science ṭawngkam chuan an sawi a, ‘running bamboo’ tiin an sawi ṭhin bawk. Running bamboo an tih chhan chu a zungpui (rhizome) hi a ṭhan chak vang leh a insemdarh chak vang a ni; rawtuai/mautuai te hi he rhizome aṭanga lo chawrchhuak ṭhin hi a ni. Zirmite chuan a hung nei chi aiin a hung neilo chi hi inthlahpung chak zawkin an sawi a, tin, a hung nei hi chu a bawrkhawm luk ṭhin avangin a zung ṭhang zel tur leh tuaichhuah zel turin amah leh amah a indip (congest) hma bik. Tun ṭuma kan hruaitu te raw duh chi hnih te hi hung nei chi, tuai chhuah chak zawk tur a sawi a ni a; hung neilo chi, mautak ang chi ho hi inthlahpung chaklo zawk anga sawi a ni bawk. Zir mite sawi dan nen chuan a inletling hlauh thung mai.
A ṭiak
Kan ram hruaitu lam ten a chi siamchhuaktu pakhat chauh awm angin an sawi a, Assembly House-ah hial pawh a siamtupa monu damlohna avanga a chi la dawng lo anga sawi a ni. Tunge a nih ka hre hauhlo a, Growmore Biotech Ltd neitupa, Dr Barathi kha a nih ka ring thla ngawt a. Growmore Biotech hian an website (www.growmorebiotech.com)-a an tarlan danin an buaipui ber chu Beema bamboo an tih mai, Bambusa balcooa aṭanga raw chi thar deuh, tissue culture hmanga an siamchhuah chu a ni.
Tissue culture hmanga D. brandisii ṭiak an siamchhuah chu Kerala Forest Research Insitute (KFRI), Peechi-ah te, Institute of Wood Science and Technology (IWST), Bangalore-ah te leh hmun hrang hrangah lei tur an neih thu Kerala State Bamboo Mission chuan an tarlang a (http://www.keralabamboomission.org). KFRI leh IWST te hi zirlai kan nih lain a hmunah ngei kan lo zu tlawhin kan thlenchilh tawh a, an hnathawh ropui zia a takin kan hmu tawh. KFRI phei hi chuan mau leh tairaw zirchianna lam bik tihchhuahna changtlung tak, ‘Journal of bamboo and rattan’ (International peer reviewed Journal) an nei nghe nghe. Tin, kan sawi tawh angin D. latiflorus hi chu kum 1995 khan Taiwan ramah tissue culture hmangin a chi siamchhuah a ni tawh.
Eng atan ber nge kan hman dawn?
Heng raw chi hnih hi lo neiin, kan ramah hian lo ṭhangduang ta pawh ni ta tehreng sela engtia hman nge kan tum? tih hi zawhna lian tak, kan Sorkar Flagship programme sawifiahnaa la sawi telloh a ni. Sahsa lakkhawma, phurchhuah dan tur erawh ngaihtuah tel a ni a, a hralh dan tur emaw, a sawngbawl dan tur emaw chu sawichhuah a la ni lo. A hmanna tur hriatsa thlai leh thildang tam tak kan chawk luh tawh te pawh kan hlawhtlinpui hleihtheih loh laia hmanna tur pawh kan la hriat chiah loh han bawhzui chu a huphurhawm angreng viau mai, beidawn tizualtu a ni leh ang tih a hlauhawm mang e. Zir miten ram hrang hranga an hmanna an sawiah hian heng raw chi hnih te hi “a tuai a tui thu leh a tuai ei atana an chin pun” a nih thu an tarlang tlangpui a; “a rua hi a duap avangin thah loh chuan a tlo lo a, rinrawla neih chi a nih loh thu” an sawi zel bawk a, zir ve lem lo, Zopa thil chika lo chik ve, Ralleng pa ho pawhin chutiang tho chuan an sawi bawk. A hmanna dang an sawi leh chu paper siamna a ni; Mizorama kan ngah êm êm, mautak phei hi paper ṭha chi siamnan an duh deuh bik.
Malsuri (Lui hausa)-ah Bangladesh khawpui lama hralh tur mau an tawlh. Thlalak dinglam hi Bangladesh ram chin a ni a, heng mau (Rawthla a ni ber) te hi Bangladesh ramchhunga mi an sah niin an insawi. Hetilai bawrah hian Mizoram leh Bangldesh inrina hi chilchhak phak lek a ni.
Mizoramah rua leh mau heti zat kan neih te hmusit a, ram dang mau, a ṭhat zawkna awm chuang silo ngaisang a, lakluh phet tum mai hi engngemaw a awmzia ni dawn le? Kan rama mau awmsa hmanga siamchhuah theih tur, ramdanga thawnchhuah tlak siamchhuak thei tur zawnga hmalak hi a fuh zawk dawn lo’m ni? Rua a ni emaw mau a ni emaw, eng chi pawhin kumkhat chhungin a nu a tiat tih erawh thudik a ni, kumkhat chhungin a puitlin huna a nih tur ang tiat leh chen a ni nghal ṭhin.
Mizorama Mau-raw chungchang article dang chhiar duh tan www.bambusapiens.com/mau-mawlsawmna/ Vanglaini chanchinbua tihchhuah tawh hi chhiar belh theih a ni bawk ang.
[Zirchianna hi BIOCONE bultuma neih a ni a, VANGLAINI (Mizo Daily)-a Jul. 23, 2019-a tihchhuah a ni]
Thulakna te:
Anonymous (2019).
Operational guidelines of National Bamboo Mission (Revised June, 2019).
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.
Dransfield, S.
and E.A. Widjaja (1995). Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 7. Backhuys,
Leiden.
Environment
& Forest (2010). Bamboos of Mizoram. Environment and Forest
Department. Government of Mizoram, Aizawl. Pp. 1 – 206
Naithani, H.B. (2006). Occurrence and flowering of a
Bamboo Dendrocalamus latiflorus
Munro, in Nagaland, India. Indian Forester 132(3):358 – 364.
Rhid, D.
(1945). The Grasses of Burma. Baptist
Mission Press, Calcutta. pp. 1-99.
Viswanath, S., Chethan, K., Srivastava, Joshi, G., Sowmya, C. and Joshi, S.C. (2013). Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz. An ideal bamboo species for domestication in humid tropics. IWST Technical Bulletin No. 12. A Publication of Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore. Pp 1- 32.
