Ramngaw leh a Zirna

Ramngaw neih zauh avanga hmingţha Mizote hian ramngaw enkawl dan te, a dimdawi dan te, hman ţangkai dan te kan thiam tawk lo hle mai a, ţawngka lama kan ngaihhlut ang aiin a takah kan ngaihlu tawk lo fo ţhin niin a lang. Hemi kawngah hian nasa lehzuala inzirtir kan ngai a, mipui te, tlawmngai pawl hrang hrang te leh Sorkar lama hemi changtu Department te phei chu nasa lehzuala an thawhho a pawimawh awm e.

Kum 1992 chhoa CYMA-in kumpuana Nungcha Humhalh a hman khan nasa takin nghawng a nei a, ramngaw hlutna kan hriatthar phah a, nungcha te hlutna pawh kan hriatthar leh phah niin a lang. Pi-Pute hunlai aţang tawha ramngaw leh ramsate thiam taka enkawl ţhin, Mizote hian kan hnam zia rang kan pensan nasat ber chu ramngaw leh nungcha te chunga ngilneihna lantir hi a ni awm e. Finna leh thiamna lo sang zelah rawmngaw humhalh kawngah harhtharna kan chang leh mêk a, a lawmawm tak zet a ni. Khawtlangin ramngaw an humhalh tam tak a awm a, chungho chu ngaw ţha tak, hawi khawthawnna atana remchang tak, khaw cheimawitu, nugchate tana tualchaina ţha tak a ni ta hlawm. Neitu nihna thinlung puin mahni khaw ta ţheuh chu uluk leh dimdawi takin kan enkawl mai a, khawdang ta leh Sorkar plantation te kan hlut lutuklo ţhin erawh hma kan sawnna tur kawng pawimawh a ni awm e.

Mizoramah hian ramngaw zau tak tak a awm a, ramngaw bawn tak erawh a tam tawh lo niin Indian State of Forest Report 2017 (ISFR 2017) chuan a tarlang a. Chutih rual chuan India rama ramngaw nei zau ber te zinga mi erawh kan la ni chhunzawm reng bawk. Heng kan ramngaw neih te hi uluk leh zuala kan zirchiana, a nihphung, a awm dan, kiam chhan leh pun theih dan tur, hman ţangkai dan tur te kan ngaihtuah nasat deuh deuh a ţul awm e. Chumi ti tur chuan mithiam neih a pawimawh a, chutiang mi chherchhuak thei tura hmalak a ngai a, chumi lama mithiam te chu Sorkar pawhin a hman ţangkai an ngai bawk.

Ramngaw enkawl dan zirna

Ramngaw enkawl dan lam hawi zirna hi Forestry an ti a, United Nations hnuaia Food and Agriculture Organisation pawhin Forestry lam zirtirna leh research hi nasa takin a kalpui a, Department hran a siam hial bawk. Kum 1990 khan NEHU chuan Mizoram Campus-ah Forestry zirna bul a ţan a, hun engemaw chen chu India Hmarchhak lama Forestry zirna sang (MSc) zir theihna awmchhun a ni nghe nghe. Mizoram University a nih hma aţanga vawiin thlengin ramngaw enkawl dan zir mi engemaw zat a chherchhuak tawh a, Mizoram leh India ram hmun hrang hrang aţanga zirlai te an ni. Mizoram University-a Department of Forestry vêk hian PhD pawh eng emaw zat a chherchhuak tawh bawk.

A sang lama zirna changtlung leh ngelnghet tak kan neih laiin, a bulţhut zirna Mizorama pakhat te mah kan la neilo hi erawh a pamhmai deuh. Forestry zirna hi ţhuanghnihin a kal a, Under Graduate (UG) hi Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) hnuaiah a awm a, professional degree course niin kum li zir a ni a BSc (Hons) Forestry degree pek ţhin an ni. Post Graduate (PG) hi ICAR leh UGC hnuaiah (a university a zirin) awmin kum 2 zir a ni thung a, an zir zawhah MSc Agro-Forestry emaw MSc Forestry degree emaw pek ţhin an ni. Mizoram University a Forestry zirna hi UGC hnuaia awm a ni a, ICAR-in a pawmpui leh hriatpui a ni bawk a, zirchhuak te hi MSc Forestry degree pêk ţhin an ni. Tin, MZU bakah hian Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) hnuaiah Forest Research Centre for Bamboo and Rattan (FRCBR) kan nei bawk a. Hei erawh a nawlpui tana zirna hmun nilovin Scientist rual ten an zirbingna hmun tura duan a ni. Scientist thawk erawh mi pahnih emaw chauh an awm thung.

image courtesy: http://www.fao.org/international-day-of-forests/en/

India Hmarchhakah hian Agriculture kaihhnawih zirna hrang hrang kan nei a, state hrang hrangah zirna kan neih dan a inanglo fur a, a ram a zirin zir tur hi an thlang ni awm tak a ni. UG-a Forestry zirna hi India Hmarchhakah hian pahnih (2) a awm a, Arunachal Pradesh-ah ve ve awmin, NERIST-leh Pasighat-ah a awm a. Pasighat-ah hian College of Horticulture and Forestry tiin, Central Agriculture University hnuaiah a awm a, kum 2001-a din a ni. Arunachal Pradesh pawh hi Mizoram ang bawka tlangram, ramngaw nei ţha êm êm an ni a, hetiang zirna pahnih ngawt an nei pawh hi a mawh love. Chutihrual chuan an ramngaw leh a kaihhnawih zir bingna ang chi erawh a ram mi te zirchhuah a awm manglo thung hi an vanduaina a ni.

Mizoram leh Forestry zirna

Mizoram pawh hi ramngaw kan neih ţhat dan te leh kan ramngawin enkawl a mamawh zia ngaihtuah chuan Forestry bulţhut zirna hi a tlem berah pahnih emaw tal chu nei ve awma mawi kan ni. UGC hnuai a nih loh avangin College pangngaia dah ngawt a remchanglo thung. Mahse Mizoramah ngei, Central Agriculture University (CAU) hnuaiah College of Horticulture kan neih ve tak avangin Forestry zirna bulţhut kan neih ve theih dan kawng hi awm se a duhawm tak zet a ni. Horticulture College behchhanin, College of Horticulture and Forestry tiin emaw a tihlen theih ngeiin a rinawm. Mizoram University-ah Department hlun tak a nih sa avangin Forestry Garduate te tan zir chhunzawmna turah buaina a awm lo bawk. Kan ramngaw neih te kan humhalh a, enkawl dan kan thiam theihna tura rahbi pawimawh tak a ni ngei ang. Mipui te zirtir thei tura inzirthiam tur mihring chherchhuahna kawng pawimawh tak a nih dawn avangin State sorkar pawhin hemi kawngah hian ţan la se a duhawm hle bawk. Tin, State Forest Service leh Indian Forest Service-ah te pawh hian Forestry lama thiamna nei ngei te a tam thei ang an luh hi duhthusam a ni a; National Forest Policy 1988 (NFP 1988) pawhin chutiang tak chuan kawng a hawng bawk, ngaihpawimawh erawh a hlawh lem hlei lo a.

Mizoramah hian Forestry zirna bulţhut hi nei ila, Forestry lama mithiam hi tun aia tam chhuak se, ramngaw enkawl chungchangah pawh kan ţhahnemngaihna hian nasa lehzualin awmzia a neih a rinawm bawk. Kum khata thing kan phun zat zo zai te hi a tam hle, amaherawhchu thingphunna hun leh hmun fu zan lo avanga a nih tur ang ni lo, ţhang mumal theilo leh zuih ral hi a tam zawk a ni tih chu a chiang reng mai. Chutiang zelin, kan ram mite ei leh bar zawnna bulpui pakhat lo neih te pawh Forestry zirna huangchhunga Agroforestry system an tih hnuaia mi a ni a, sawt zawk leh hlawk zawka thlai kan thar a, kan lo hmun te kan enkawl a, chul kan tih hrin leh theih dan tur pawh hi Forestry thiamna hmanga zawnchhuah theih a ni. Policy engemaw, scientific research mumal awmsilova a ler atanga inthuai buaihna tur chi ruahman fo ai hi chuan a bulthut atanga zirchian a, a zirchiang tur mithiam chherchhuah a, hman ţangkai hi a sawngsawhlawt zawkin a rinawm fo ţhin.

Ramngaw aţanga kan thil dawn leh hmuh te hi sawi dawn ila sawi sen a ni hauh lovang. A tlangpui chu kan hre deuh vek bawk awm e. Kan tan a ţangkai êm êm, a enkawl dan leh a chhawr ţangkai dan kan thiam fumfe siloh hi kan hman ţangkai lehzual theihna tura mipui te kaihruaia, zirtir thei tur mithiam kan mamawh a.  Chutiang mi chherchhuahna tur hmun chu kan tuallaiah ngei kan neih hi kan chanvo a ni. Central Sorkar duh danin (NFP 1988) kan rama thing leh mau te nasa taka humhalh a ni a, mimal huan leh rama kan thingphun te pawh a neitu ten an duh duha an seng theihloh tura khuahkhirh a ni bawk a, tin, riverine reserve avangin kan rama leiţha deuh lai chu vantlang tana hman theih a ni meuh lo bawk. Central sorkarin “state lenzawng aţanga teha za a 60 (60%) hi ramngaw a ni tur a ni,” a tih laiin Mizoram hi chuan 86.3% zet mai rawmngaw kan nei thung (ISFR 2017). Hengte avang pawh hian ramngaw enkawl lama mithiam chherchhuahna tur Forestry College min pêk hi Central Sorkar pawh hian a ba vein a lang.

Ramngaw humhalh hi mahni chauh emaw, tlawmngai pawl chauhin emaw, sorkar chauhin emaw a a vei hian a sawt mawh a, ţanho ngai chi a ni. Pawngpaw humhalh ringawt hian a chhehvela cheng te eizawnna kawng tam takah a tihţhuanawp theih avangin ramngaw enkawl dan mumal tak neih a ngai a, sorkar dan awmsa bawhchhe silo a mipui te ei bar zawnna atan pawha ţangkai tho si a enkawl a ngai fo ţhin. Chu’ng hunah chuan a zirmi te, mithiam te an pawimawh ţhin. Zirna hi a chepakai aţanga a dik a ngai a, a ler a ţhuai ringawt lova a bulţhut aţanga thiamna ngelnghet a awm theihna turin zirna bulţhut neih ţhat a pawimawh a, chutiang Forestry lam zirna bulţhut chu UG (College) aţanga inţan a nih miau avangin Mizoram hian kan mamawh tak zet a ni.

International Day of Forest 2019

March 21 hi “International Day of Forest,” World Forestry Day tia an sawi bawk, ramngaw hlutna leh pawimawhna inzirtir tharna ni atan United Nations General Assembly-in a puang a, kum 2012 aţang khan kumtin hman ţhin a ni. He ni pawimawh tak hi thupui bik neia hman ţhin a ni a. Heng thupui te hi Collaborative Partnership on Forests (ram hrang hranga ramngaw humhalh kawnga thawkho pawl) ten an thlang ţhin a; kumin thupui atan “Rawmngaw leh Zirna” (Forests and Education) tih chu thlan a ni a, a tum ber chu “ramngaw enkawl dan mumal zawkin a ţha zawnga nghawng a neih dan” inzirtir thar a ni ber awm e. World Forestry Day atana March 21 thlan a nih kher chhan hi chhun leh zan rei zawng a inchen ni, “spring equinox” a nih vang a ni bawk.

[Vanglaini Vol. XXXIV No. 66 March 21, 2019-ah tihchhuah a ni]

Khawpui Țhang dik leh ramngaw

March 21 hi “International Day of Forest,” World Forestry Day tia an sawi bawk, ramngaw hlutna leh pawimawhna inzirtir tharna ni atan United Nations General Assembly-in a puang a, kum 2012 ațang khan kumtin hman țhin a ni. He ni pawimawh tak hi thupui bik neia hman țhin a ni a. Heng thupui te hi Collaborative Partnership on Forests (ram hrang hranga ramngaw humhalh kawnga thawkho pawl) ten an thlang țhin a; kumin thupui atan “Khawpui țhang dik leh ramngaw” (Forests and Sustainable Cities) tih chu thlan a ni. World Forestry Day atana March 21 thlan a nih kher chhan hi chhun leh zan rei zawng a inchen ni, “spring equinox” a nih vang a ni bawk.

Ramngaw leh Mizote

Mizo te leh ramngaw hi kan inngheng renga, tun thleng pawhin ramngaw leh a hausakna hmanga eizawng kan la țhahnem hle a. Ramngaw kan humhalh vanga Sap Kristianho au eih kan ni a (Zairema, 1978), chu kan humhalh chin vêk, Bristish Sawrkar-in kan kuta a dah (Inner line Forest Reserve) chu tun hnaia ramri-a kan buai thar lehna lai chu a ni bawk. Ei leh bar zawnna kawngah, khawtlang nunphung leh sukthlek leh hnam nun thlengin ramngaw hian nasa takin mi a nghawng a ni.

Mizorama cheng tam zawk te eizawnna hmun chu ramhnuai a ni

Țhangtharten ramngaw enkawl dan kan thiamloh a leiah kan ramngaw te nasa takin kan chana, kan ti rirala, mimal ram a tam tial tiala, ngaw a chereu tial tiala, loneitu ten loa an neih tur vantlang ram a zim tial tial thung. Mi rethei zawk te tan ei hmuh vena kawng a harsa tial tiala, thlawhhma siam thei te pawh a ngaia an kual zin avangin ram a leng rei theilova, ram a tuilo tial tiala, thlai an thar țha lo tial tial bawk. Ram insem zai dan rual tawkloh avangin ram neilo an tam tial tiala, vantlang ram a tlem tial tial bawk avangin Revenue Minister, Pu R Romawia chuan mangang takin “Zamindari System kan hlatlo…” tiin a lo sawichhuak hial a nih kha (Vanglaini, 23.01.2014).

Țhangthar leh zual teah ramngaw hlutna a thang chho leh mek thung. A zirna hmunpui kan neih chinah phei chuan nasa takin ramngaw humhalh kawngah kan harh thar leh a, tlawmngai pawl hrang hrang ten beih takzeta an beih ațang phei chuan India rama ramngaw nei zau ber te pawh kan ni leh ta hial a ni. Chutih rual chuan ngaw dur (126 Km²) erawh a nei tlem  zinga mi kan ni thung lawia (ISFR, 2017).

Ramngaw enkawl dan (Forestry) leh Mizoram

Forestry subject zirna hi NEHU-Mizoram Campus-ah 1990 khan din țan a ni a, zir tur te duangfela, zirtirtu te an lakkhawm hnua zirtirna an kalpui țan tak chu kum 1997-ah a ni. Mizoram Univeristy a lo din hnu pawhin Forestry zirna hi chhunzawm zel a ni a, tun thlengin MSc ațanga PhD thleng zirna kalpui a ni a, Mizoram mai bakah India ram hmun hrang hranga ațangin zirlai an fuankhawm țhin.

MSc atanga PhD (Forestry) Programme hi MZU-ah kalpui mek a ni

Ramngaw enkawl lam zirna kawng hrang hrang leh zirbingna chi hrang hranga khawvel hmahruaitu nih a, ramngaw leh nungcha tinreng humhalh chunga retheihna umbo kawnga ram tana thawk tur mithiam chherchhuah hi MZU Forestry Department hmathlir duhawm tak chu a ni a. Chumi tihlawhtling tur chuan nasa takin kawng hrang hrangin hma a la mek a ni.

Sorkar laipui pawhin Forestry zirna hi a ngaipawimawh hle maia, Under Graduate lamah chuan ICAR hnuaiah awmin BSc (Forestry) hi kum 4 zir a ni a, MSc programme erawh UGC hnuaiah awmin kum 2 zir a ni thung. BSc zirna hi Mizoramah kan la neilova, sawitawh angin MSc zirna erawh MZU-ah kan nei thung. Tin, India sorkar hian heng, Forestry lama thiamna nei te hlutzia hi hriain State leh Indian Forest Service lamah te pawh duhsak bik an nih tur thu chiang takin a ziak bawk (National Forest Policy 1988: 4.11). Ziaka a duhsak ang ai erawh chuan State leh Central Sorkar hian a bik takin a duhsak bik chuanglo niin a lang. Mizoram Forest Deparment lamin thawk tur chi hrang hrang a lakah pawh hian duhsak bikna chu sawiloh, dil thei zinga an telh miahloh țum a tam ta mai.  National Forest Policy hi ennawna siamțhat mêk a ni a, tuna an duan chhinah chuan ‘forestry lama zirthiamna nei te duhsak bikna’ lam hi a chuang ta rih lo thung. Zawm loh pui policy-a dah reng țul an ti lo a ni mahna!

National Forest Policy 1988: 4.11

Khawpui leh ramngaw

Ramngaw hlutna hrang hrang an sawi zinga sawi lan hlawh vaklo chu ramngawin khawvel tilumtu carbon a upbo nasat thu hi a ni awm e. Tunhnaiah Bhutan ramin ramngaw a humhalh nasat thu leh carbon negative ram an nih thu a thang nasa hle a. A awmzia tawitein tarlang ila, “Bhutan ramin lirthei, industry leh mihring chet velna hrang hrang hmanga carbon an tihchhuah aiin an ramngawin carbon a eia, a upbo a tam tihna a ni,” chumiin chiang taka a kawh chu ramngaw an nei țha hle tihna a ni.

Some part of Siaha Town. A view from Tourist Lodge, Siaha

Ramngaw chereu chakna chhan liantak chu mihring chetvelna chi hrang hrang te hi a ni a. Heng hmasawnna ruhrel nia an sawi țhin tam tak – khawpui tih zauh nana In leh lo din a, ramngaw țhiah te, khawpuia mi te mamawh tur siamna leh tharchhuahna tur hmun hrang hrang din nana ramngaw tih danglam te hi a zualkai ber nisi, an puh phal siloh a ni (Ramakrishnan, 2012).

Mihring kan pun zel avangin chenna kan mamawh belh zela, eitur kan mamawh belh zel bawka; In kan sa lo theiloa, thlawhhma kan zauh lo theilo. Hei vang hian thlawhhma kan siamna leh In leh lo kan dinnaa ramngaw kan tihchhiat ai hi kan chenna, kan khaw chhehvel leh khawchhung thlengin a remchang laiah thing hmun kan siam a pawimawh a, chutiang tih theihna hmun pawh chu kan zuah a pawimawh hle a ni.

Hring ve dup mahse thingkung emaw a ni si lo. Hringlo tawp ai chuan a tha reng reng e!

Khawpuia thing hmun

United Nations-in kumin World Forestry day puala a thuchah, khawpuia thinghmun thatna leh țangkaina a sawite tawite lo tarlang ila:

  • Ramngaw leh thing te hian boruak tilumtu nasa taka a thuhnuai avangin khawvel sik leh sa danglam zel tur pawh a veng thei.
  • Thing leh mau te hian sik leh sa vawnhim kawngah nasa takin hna a thawka, boruak tih daih nana kan power mamawh zaa 20 – 50 zetin a tihniam thei.
  • Awmze nei taka khawpui leh a chhehvela thingphun hian 8°C zetin boruak a ti dai thei a, air conditioner mamawhna pawh zaa 30 zetin a hniam phah thei.
  • Khawchhunga thing te hi boruak thlifimtu țha tak a ni a, boruak chhia leh bawlhhlawh lengvel a thlifim thei.
  • Khawchhung leh a chhehvela ramngaw hi tuihna vawnhimna țha tak a ni a, leimin tur venna a ni bawk.
  • Thingkung leh mau te hian ri bengchheng lakah nasa takin mi a vawng him thei.
  • Khawtual mite tan a rah, a pil leh a hnahte țangkai taka hman theih a ni.
  • Khawpuia thing hmun awm hian nungcha dang tan chenna a siam sakin humhalhna hmun țha tak a ni.
  • Khawchhunga ngaw leh thinghmun awm hi khaw cheina țha tak a ni a, khualzin hipna hmun țha tak a nih bawk avangin mi tam takin eizawnna an neih phah tawh a ni.
  • Khawpui chhunga thing leh mau, ngaw leh phul hmun awm te hian nunphung hrisel leh rilru hrisel nei thei turin mi a ti phura, chu chuan nasa takin hriselna kawngah mi a pui bawk.

Tlipna

Ramngaw humhalh leh enkawl kawnga țhangharh thar leh mêk, Mizo te hian kan ramngaw hlutzia kan hriat thar leh a pawimawh khawp mai. Kan rohlu kan ramngaw te tichhetu chu huai taka kan do ngam a ngai. Ramngaw humhalh vanga Chanchin țha dawng, ramngaw humhalh avanga ‘mi lu la hnam’ tia hriat hlawh kan ni tih i hre thar leh ang u. Kan tihchhiat palh te siamțha turin țan kan lak a ngai.

  1. Rimawi ram, herhse leh ngiau par rim lenna rama siam leh turin, hawh u, thingkung awmsa humhalh ila, awmze neiin, mahni ram thing ngei, kan hip țhan boruak pe chhuak thei ngei, ram dang thing nilo phun bawk ila, enkawl puitling bawk ila. Kan khawpui te hi chenna tlaka hmun hring nuam zawkah, khawpui hlim leh hrisel zawkah i siam ang u.

 

Reference:

ISFR, 2017. India State of Forest Report 2017. Forest Survey of India (Ministry of Environment & Forests). www.fsi.nic.in

Ramakrishnan, P.S. 2012. Hill agriculture: vulnerability and management options. National Workshop on Green Revolution in Mizoram. AMFU

Zairema, 1978. God’s Miracles in Mizoram: a glimpse of Christian work among head-hunters (In: Lehkhabu te Pasarih. Ed: Revd Chuauthuama). Zorun Community, Zarkawt, Aizawl.

http://www.fao.org/international-day-of-forests/en/

https://www.vanglaini.org/tualchhung/archive/2014-01-23

[Published on Vanglaini Mizo daily Vol – XXXIII No. 67 Wednesday 21.03.2018]