Conservation Archives - Bambu Sapiens

ṬHINGTÂM

Mizorama tualṭo mau leh raw lam chi kan neih zingah Rawṭhing hi kan hman nasat ber te zinga mi a ni awm e. Raw dang angin a hung a bit lo a, mautak leh rawnal te aia a khawng zawk bawk avangin thil chi hrang hrang atan kan hmang nasa a, a tuai pawh kan ei nasat pawl tak a ni; Rawṭhing tuaiterek phei chu a tui viau mai.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is Rawting-hung.jpg — Rawṭhing hung

Rawṭhing hi mau leh raw dang ang bawka a damchhunga vawikhat tâm chi ve tho a ni a, a tâm inkar hi kum 50 anga ngaih a ni nain, kum 48 a ni tlangpui. Mautâm aṭanga kum 25-naah a tâm deuh tlangpui bawk. Tin, mau ang bawka tâmpui (gregarious flowering) a tâm chi a ni a; a kahpah (sporadic flowering)-a tam pawh hmuh tur a awm zauh zauh. A tâm zawh hnu hian a thi chhunzawm ve nghal mai ṭhin. Hetiang damchhunga vawikhat par/rah-a thi chhunzawm hi Science ṭawngkamah chuan semelparity tih a ni. A rah tla a lo ṭiah leh hunah ‘chhuanthar’ an lo chhuak ve thung dawn a ni.

Rawṭhing (Bambusa tulda Roxb.) hi Myanmar, Bangladesh leh Thailand-ah te pawh a tualṭo-a, India ramah chuan Mizoram bakah Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland leh Tripura te hi a ṭo tam zualna hmun a ni a, heng bakah hian Bihar leh West Bengal-ah te pawh tih tham fé a ṭo bawk. India hmarchhak-a hnam hrang hrang ten mahni remhriat dan ang zelin kawng hrang hrang hrangin kan hmang a, a tuai kan ei hlawm vek bawk. Raw khawng ṭha tak a nih avangin pa thilchîk mi deuh chuan Concrete In saknaa slab, beam leh ban dona (Scaffolding) atan pawh an duh deuh kher ṭhin. Tin, National Bamboo Mission-in India rama mau chin uar tur a thlanchhuah sawm zinga pakhat a ni bawk.

Rawṭhing hung 2020 kuma tâm, Muallungthu

Rawṭhing hi Mizoram dung leh vang, chhak leh thlang dâp kim ber te zinga mi a ni a, chutih rual chuan hmun zo deuhah erawh phun chawp emaw a nih ngawt loh chuan a awm meuh lo thung. Mizorama Mau-raw chi hrang hrang te hi an tâm ve vek thonain Mautak tâm leh Rawṭhing tâm te hian Mizo mipui nasa taka a nghawng bik avangin a langsar zual dun bik hle a. Hei hian rua leh mau dang zawng zawng te aiin heng Mau-raw chi hnih te hi Mizoramah a tam fal bik hle ṭhin tih a entir. Mizo chanchin ziaktu ten Ṭhingtam chungchang an ziah dan hi a inang hlawm viau mai a, Pathian thu zirmiten Synoptic Gospel an tih ang maia inzul a ni hlawm.

Ṭhingtâm hmasa te

Mizorama Ṭhingtâm kan hriat theih hlat ber chu kum 1880-ah a ni a, 1929-ah tâm lehin, 1978 chhoah a tam leh bawk. Kum 1880-a Ṭhingtam hian a hunlai Mizo teah nghawng a nei lian hle a, Chhak leh Thlang indo a ṭingmit a, an ṭam nasat êm avangin phai lam aṭangin Buhfai an chaw lut hial a, Mizo ṭhenkhat te phei chu Cachar chhehvelah an pêm phah hial a ni. Buh a van zia thu hi an hrilhfak a ni a, a hma lawk (kum 20 kalta)-a Mautâm ṭampui aimahin an tuar nasa niin an sawi. Hemi hnu lama Ṭhingtâm erawhin mipuiah nghawng a nei ta vak lo niin a lang. Kum 1929-a Ṭhingtam-ah hi chuan sorkar leh mipuiin inbuatsaih lawk dan an thiam deuh tawh bakah Rawṭhing a lo tlem tak zel avangin nghawng a nei na ta lo niin Rev Liangkhaia’n a sawi. Chhinchhiah theih china Ṭhingtâm vawi thumna hi kum 1976 aṭangin a kahpaha tâmin a inṭan a, 1978 leh 1979-ah chuan tâmpui tak tak a thleng ta a ni. Ṭhingtâm vawi thumna pawh hian mipuiah nghawng lian tak a nei ta bik lo niin a lang.

Mizorama Vailen chanchin ziaktu, E.B. Elly chuan kum 1880 chhoa Ṭhingtam ṭâm avangin buhfai maund 1800 lai Cachar lam aṭanga an chawk luh thu a sawi a, tarlan tawh angin hemi hnua Ṭhingtamah erawh hetiang tak hian ṭampui an tuar leh tawh lo. He thu hi ngaihtuahna ti thuitu chu a ni ta a ni. 1880 kuma nasa taka an tawrh chhan hi sazu puang nasain an buh leh bal a seh zawh vang nia tarlan a ni a; Sazu tipuang khawpa tam Rawṭhing hung a awm tihna a ni. Hemi hnua a tâm leh hian Sorkar lam a lo inbuatsaih lawk piahlamah, Ṭhingtâm hmasaa a chi tla kha a ṭiak ṭha loin, ṭhang puitling lo a tam hle niin a lang. Chuvang chuan 1880 hmalama Rawṭhing awm ang zat kha a awm ta lo tihna a ni.

Heti a nih chuan Rawṭhing hi a regeneration rate (a chi aṭanga ṭoa a inthlahpun chhoh dan) a sang viaulo tihna a ni thei ang. Kum 1929-a a tâm leh hnuah Rawṭhing hung a lo kiam lehzual tawh a, chutiang zelin 1979-a a tâm leh phei chuan Rawṭhing hung hi a hma aiin a tlem lehzual tawh tihna a ni. Hmalakna hrang hrang avang leh chhan hrang hrang avangin Ṭhingtâmin mipuia a nghawng hi a nêp chho tial tial a, chutih rual vek chuan Rawṭhing hung kan nei tlem tial tial tihna a ni bawk.

Ṭhingtam vawi 4-na a hnai

Kum 2015 khan Zawlnuam PHC ram chhungah Rawṭhing a tâm chiam mai a, a dinhmun enfiah turin Medical Officer, Dr Lalsangzuala’n min hruai kual a, PHC ramchhung mai bakah Zawlnuam-Bawrai chhevelah te, Zawlpui kawngah te pawh a tâm zeng zung mai a, tâm lo erawh a ṭhahnem zawk. Henglai chhehvela tâm bak hi chu hmundangah kan hmuh chhunzawm lo thung. Zawlnuam leh a chhehvela a tâm dan phung hi a kahpaha tâm, “sporadic flowering” a ni.

Rawṭhing par leh a bawmtu, Zawlnuam 2015

Kum 2019 aṭangin Rawṭhing tâm hi hmuh a ni chho leh ta zauh zauh a, Covid lên vanglai, 2020 phei kha chuan hmun tam takah a tâm a, Darkhuang ram, Muallungthuah chuan a mual mualin a tâm a, Tuirial erawh a kai meuh lo thung. Chhuahchhawng lamah a tâm hmasa deuh zel niin a lang a, chhim leh hmar hawizawngin, Tuirial lui thlang lamah a ni tlangpui. Hemi achinah hi chuan Rawṭhing tâm hi hmuh tur a awm chho ta deuh reng a ni.

Rawṭhing tâm, Darkhuang ram, Muallungthu 2020

Kumin, 2024-a lo inher meuh chuan Tuirial chhak lam, Tuirini leh Keifang inkar kawngpui aṭanga lang thei chinah ringawt pawh a tâm hmuh tur a awm chho ta thluah mai. Hmundangah pawh a tahtawlin a tâm chho zel dawn niin a lang a, Ṭhingtâm sehsâm a ni chho mêk tihna a ni; kum 2026 – 2028 hi Ṭhingtâmpui hun tura ngaih a ni.

Ṭhingtâm hi ven theih a ni em?

He zawhna hi chhanna mumal pêk harsa angreng tak a ni. Ven theih a ni em tih tluk zeta pawimawh erawh ven tum chi a ni em? tih hi a ni. Mau lam chi ho hian chaw an khawl sa zawng zawng leh an chakna zawng zawng a par leh rah siamnan an hmang zo a, chuvanga thi ta ṭhina ngaih a ni a, natna hrik engemaw avanga tâm a ni lo. Scientist ṭhenkhat chuan hetia mau-raw lam chiin par a chhuah a, a thi chhunzawm ṭhin hi ‘suicide’ tiin an sawi ve fo ṭhin reng a ni. Leiṭha leh tui hnianghnar taka vur chuan a tâm loh theih mai rinna a awm. Leiṭha leh tui nena hnianghnar taka enkawl hi thil hautak leh buaithlak tak, sum leh pai leh tha tam tak sen ngaihna tur thil a ni, ramhnuaia leiṭha leh tuia va chawm tum phei chu tih sa loh loh a ni. Chu’ng enkawlna zawng zawng avang chuan a tâm lo tak tak angem tih pawh hriat a ni chuang hek lo.

Hetianga enkawl hian awmzia neiin tâm loh phah ta tak tak ta se, a inthlahpun zel danah nghawng a neih theih dan tur a awm thei bawk awm e. Siamtuin a duan dan (Biological clock)-ah kum 48 zela tâm a, thi tur a ni a, a thih hun tur tih khawtlai sak ngawt hian a hung ṭhan zelna kawngah te, a tisa chhungril lamah te (physiology leh anatomy) engtiangin nge nghawng a neih ang tih hi hriatphak piahlam thil a la ni rih. Tâm hun inanga tâm hi Biology ṭawngkamah chuan ‘Cohort’ an ti a, Cohort thuhmun chu chi-bul thuhmuna ngaih an ni. Chi-bul thuhmun, Cohort inang hi ram hrang daihah pawh awmsela, siamtuin hunbi a ruat sak hi an bawhpelh ngai lo a, an tâm rual ngei ngei ṭhin.

Rawṭhing par chhunga mi, a rah-chi a insiam theihna tura pawimawh Androecium leh gynoecium

2017 chhoa Talân a tâm khan Zemabawka Talân hung pakhat, tuiluankawr kama awm chu tuiin a chiah hnawn hneh deuh khan a tâm leh dawn lo emaw tih turin hnah thar te a chhuah a, ro-ai ṭan kha a hring ṭha leh viau a, mahse thla hnih-khat hnuah erawh chuan a tâm chhunzawm leh ta tho mai. Chuvang chuan Rawṭhing tam chho mêk pawh hi ven tak tak theih a nih a rinawm chiah lo zawk a ni.

Engtia hmalak tur nge ni ang?

Ṭhingtâm kan hriat hmasakber an tawrh dan leh a hnulama tâm mipui ten an tawrh dan inang lo ta viau hian Rawṭhing tâm chi tla, lo ṭiak a, lo ṭhang chho leh tur (regeneration) venhim a pawimawh zia a tarlang chiang viau mai. Hemi kawnga hma la thei turin Sorkar pawh a inbuatsaih chhoh a ngai awm e. Ṭhingtâm aṭanga kum 7 chhung vel tal chu Rawṭhing tuai hi khawrh loh ni se a duhawm. A tâm ṭiak, a bul (rhizome) a lo insawhngheh a, a puitlin deuh hma loh chuan khawrh leh sah loh ni thei se a duhawm hle. Chu chuan Rawṭhing inthlahpunna leh ṭhan zelna kawngah nasa takin awmzia a nei dawn a ni. Bul puichanglo leh no lutuk chuan tuai a chhuah ṭha thei lo a, tuai a chhuah tam thei loin, tuai a chhuah pawh a lian tak tak ṭhin lo; a tuai a len loh miau chuan a pum a lian thei lo.

Rawṭhing tâmna hmun te loa ṭheh rih loh te, a kan lohna tura hmalak te pawh a ṭul dawn hle a ni. Rawṭhing chi leia tla, lo ṭo (regenerate) leh hian bul-puichang ṭha (coarse root/rhizome) a neih hmaa kangmei a tawrh chuan inthlahpunga tuai chhuah tur awm lovin a rem thuai mai dawn a ni. Hei hi 1880 hnulama Mizorama Rawṭhing a tlem chhoh tak zel nachhan pawh niin a lang.

A chi a tam thei ang ber kui ṭiah a, phun darh te pawh a pawimawh dawn hle bawk. Sik leh sa leh khuarel thil avang te, eichhetu hrang hrang avang te leh mihring te kuthnu thil hrang hrang avang tein ramhnuaia amaha ṭiak a, lo ṭhangchho leh tur hi tih sukuk awl tak a ni. Chumi ven nan chuan a chi kui a, phun darh mai theih tura a ṭiak lo neih (Germplasm conservation) hi a ṭul hle dawn a ni. Tin, “Rawṭhing tâm hi a thi dawn tho tho” tih avanga a chi tla tur pawh awm lék lo khawpa suat rêm a hlauhawm viau bawk. Chutiang thil a thlen lohna turin mitinte kan ṭanrual a ṭul. Ṭhingtâm avanga ṭam chu kan tuar tawh kher lo maithei, mahse Ṭhingtâm laia kan hmalakna hrang hrang avangin kan rama Rawṭhing hi kan ti mang hlauh thei a ni tih kan hriat a pawimawh hle a ni.

[VANGLAINI chanchinbu 16.09.2024-ah tihchhuah a ni]

Ṭhingtâm chungchang report Scientific paper kan tichhuah tawh te en duh tan a hnuaia link-ah hian download theih a ni:
1. Sporadic flowering of Bambusa tulda in Mizoram: A preliminary report Science Vision 17(3):160-162
2. Gregarious flowering of a geriatric semelparous bamboo – Bambusa tulda Roxb. in Mizoram, India Current Science 120(7):1142-1143

Ramngaw tuaithar – damna leh hmuingilna kailawn

Vawiin hi International Day of Forest a ni a, kumina thupui chu “Forest restoration: a path to recovery and well-being” a ni. Kumina thupuiin a tum ber chu damna leh hmuingilna nei thei tura ramngaw tuaithar pawimawhzia inzirtir a ni. Ramngaw ṭangkai zia leh pawimawh zia kan hre ṭheuh a, a humhalh tur pawhin mahni phak tawkin ke kan pen tlang ṭheuh mai. A pawng a puia ramngaw tih chereu tum hi chu kan awm tawh mang awm love.

Ramngaw a chereu a siamṭha leh tura thing kan phun hi reforestation an ti a, ramngaw awmlohna leh ramngaw siambelh duh vanga thing phun leh ramngaw leh a chhehvela thing phun belh te hi afforestation a ni thung. Ramngaw tuaithar (Forest restoration) hian a huam zau hle mai a, ramngaw humhalh te, rambua tih ngaw leh te, ramngaw siam belh te pawh a huam a, Mizotena kan buaipui, tuihna humhalh te chenin a huam a. Thing ringawt nilovin, leilung vawnhim te thleng pawhin a huam a, ngaw chhunga thilnung chitin leh thilnunglo te humhalh a, an inrintawnna (interaction) vawnhima siamṭhat te thlengin a huam a ni.

Khawvel ram hrang hranga ramngaw chereu nachhan lian tak chu mihring ten ei bar kan zawnna kawngah leh kan khawsakna tur buatsaih kawnga ngaw kan ṭhiah nasat vang a ni a. Heng bakah hian hnim leh thlai tualṭo nilo lakluh nasat avang te, leilung hausakna laih chhuah nasat avangte leh khuarel kalphung tibuaitu thil chi hrang hrang te vang a ni bawk. Mizoramah pawh leilung kan hman dan avangin nasa takin kan ramngaw a chereu a. Mipui nawlpui leh Sorkar lam thleng pawh a kan puhmawh ber chu kan lo neih dan phung hi a ni a, tualṭo nilo thing leh thlai kumhlun kan lakluh nasat te, kawngpui laih avanga ramngaw ṭhiah leh an leivung paihin hnim leh thlai a chhilh nasat dan te erawh kan ngaihtuah thleng meuh lo a, kan ramngaw chereu chhanah kan ngai meuhlo bawk.

Thlawhhma ṭha nei tur chuan a ram a tui a, a chan a ngai a, ram léng reilo lutuk hmunah thlai a thar ṭha theilo tih hrechiangtu te kan ni. Mizo lo neih dan phungah thar hlawk a, thar ṭha tur chuan rampui/ramchang vah a ngai ṭhin. Rampui nei thei tur chuan hun eng emaw chen lentir a ngai a, thing leh mau-ruaa a khah a, leilung a lo insiam ṭhat leh a ngai ṭhin. Thing leh mau-raw hnah leh ṭang tla ṭawih ralin a siam leiṭha lo inchhekkhawm a tam chinah ram a lo tui leh ṭhin; chutianga ram ti tui khawp leiṭha insiam tur chuan hun a mamawh tam a, kangmei leh thildangin a tihbuai lohna tura hma lo lak te, phun belh ngai leh thenfai ngai lo then te pawh a ngai ṭhin. Hei hi Forest restoration kalphung chu a ni.

Lo neihna avanga ram lo bua te, kawng laih vanga ramngaw chereu ta te, leimin leh tuilian avanga ramngaw chereu te, leivung paihin a chhilh avanga ngaw hnuai hnimhnah chereu te, thing ṭhang tur a tihṭhuanawp te leh mihring khawsakna leh hmalakna hrang hrang avanga ramngaw chereu mêk te tih tui leh a, ramngaw tuaithar a, rampuia siam leh hi tuihna humhalhna ṭha ber a ni a, boruak thianghlim, bura khung theih nise to deuha hralh theih tur siamchhuahna ṭha ber a ni bawk.

Vah bak kang fo hi a huatthlala ngawt mai. Lo neitu te hi ramngaw hlutzia hrechiangtu, rampui leh ramchangah zel thlawhhma lak a awl a, a thar hlawk zawk zia hrechiangtu te an ni a, chuvang chuan vah bak tih kan te, ngaw ṭhiah mai mai te, thing zai ngawt te hi an duhloin an haw êm êm zawk a, lo an hal nikhua pawhin fimkhur takin an hal a, uluk takin meilam an sial ṭhin a, mei an chhuah meuhlo. Lo neia eizawng nilo ram leh daia chetla ṭhin te, sapel ṭhin te leh intawllen tura ram kal ṭhinte hi hemi kawngah hian an rinhlelhawm viau ṭhin.

Ramngaw tuaithar leh tura mahni phak tawka ṭan kan lak a ṭul hle. Sorkar kutah emaw, khawtlang kutah emaw dah mai lova Sorkar leh khawtlang an ṭanho a, an thawhho tlat a ngai a. Vantlang tana thlawhhma neihna tur nek chêp vek khawpa mimal ram nei zau te hi chhuhsak ṭhen nisela, khawtlang kutah lut leh sela. Pata tura ngaw ṭhiah kher ngai te hi tihtawp a, a aia tehkhawng ‘eco-friendly‘ zawk duanchhuah ni bawk sela. Ramngaw, fahrah puan hlai ringawt nilo, ngaw dûr nei zau lehzual turin hma la bawk ila. Rambua siamṭhat kawngah ṭhahnemngai ila, kan rama thing leh mau, hnim leh thlai te ṭangkai zawka hmang thei turin hma la ila. A nghawng theih ngaihtuah miahlo a sum leh paia a hlawk dawn anga a lan avang ngawta ramdang thing leh thlai lakluh sim ila, ram hi léng rei bawk sela. Tichuan kan ram hi a lo tui leh ang a, kan ram ngawte kan tuaithar leh ang a, damna leh hmuingilna kawng kan zawh tihna a lo ni ang.

Humhalh bîk hmuna pawikhawihna

Sorkar leh khawtlang humhalh

Mizoramah hian Sorkar humhalh ramngaw leh lui a awm a, khawtlang ṭangrualin an humhalh ramngaw leh lui engemaw zat a awm bawk. Chutiang bawkin Sorkarin dan hmanga a din ‘Social forestry/community forestry’ hmun engemaw zat a awm a, heng te hi Forest Department hnuaia scheme hrang hrang, 1990 hnulam a mi a ni tlangpui hlawm a. Hetih rual vek hian khawtlang ṭangrual – YMA, YLA, MTP, MUP, MHIP adt ten an humhalh a, an enkawl ‘Social Forestry’ emaw ‘Community Forestry’ emaw a awm leh a. Ṭhenkhat phei chu Lal lal laia khawtlangin ramhâk-a an lo neih te a ni hlawm. Sorkarin a dinchhuah vantlang ramngaw te hi khawtlang nen ṭangruala inhlawhna siam sak paha ramngaw siam belhna tura din a ni a, a tir lamah phei chuan ‘Entry Point Activities’ (EPA) an tih mai, khawltlang tan hmasawnna ruhrel siamna tur ‘sum fang’ a keng tel a, chumi hmang chuan gas bur te an sem a, kawng an lai a, chawlhbuk te an sa a, kailawn te siamin, khawtlangin an mamawh leh an duhte Village Forest Development Committee (VFDC) in an sum neih mila a rel ang zelin din a ni ṭhin. Tunhma deuh khan pawisa dawn leh hnathawh inmillo nia sawi a awm fo ṭhin a, EPA sum an hman danah hian VFDC ten mawh an phur thui hle a, Department lam aimahin mawh an phur zawkin a lang.

Heng Sorkar hnuaia VFDC plantation hrang hrang te endik hian ṭum engemaw zat, Forest Division hrang hrangah kan feh chhuak ve tawh a, kan kalna apiangah zawhna inang kan zawt ṭhin a, mahni ta anga ena, a chhiat a ṭhat a mahni insengsoa hmalak emaw, khawtlanga hmalak emaw a harsat an rin thuin mi an chhang tlangpui ṭhin. Mahni ta anga en lo, Sorkar hnuaia inhlawhfakna chikhat anga ngai an ni tlangpui tihna a ni mai awm e. Chutih rual vek chuan khawtlang ṭangrualin, Sorkar puihna telloa an din leh an enkawl khawtlang ramngaw te zirchiangin khaw hrang hrangah kan fehchhuak tawh bawk. Heng khawtlang enkawl ramngaw te hi a ṭhangduangion a hlawhtling êm êm thung. Khawtlangin ramngaw an enkawla pawikhawihna thleng hlekah pawh khawtlang thikthu a chhiain an phak tawka nain ro an rel mai ṭhin. A chhan ber ni a lang chu mipui vantlangin a neitu thinlung an put vang a ni.

Heng ‘Social forestry’ chi hnih te hi a huam chin leh a inzarpharh dan chu inthlau tak a ni a, hlawh neia enkawl leh hnatlanga enkawl a nih vang pawh a ni maithei e. Chutih rual chuan khawtlang ṭangrualin hnatlanga an enkawl te hi zimin tlem zawk hle mah sela a lêt tam takin a hlawhtling zawk a ni tih mit lawng pawhin a hmuh theih a, kan ram rohlu a chang der mai. Kawng kama thing, YMA flag rawnga an chei avang maia a him bik tlat te hian YMA kan zahna a lantir rualin neitu nihna thinlung kan put tel vang a ni tih a ti lang chiang hle.

Nghafuan ven leh luidung humhalh

Mizo te hian nghafuan kan veng ṭhin a, tunhma lama nghafuan an ven dan leh tunlaia kan ven dan chu a letling ta hlauh a. Chutiang zelin lui hnaia khaw awm ten an khaw luidung te an humhalh a, nasa takin luia nungcha te an pun phah a, zin veivakte tana hmuhnawm tham, a khawtlang tan pawh a intihtheihpui tham a ni fur mai. Heng humhalhtu te hian an ṭhahnemngaihnaa ti an ni a, Sorkar ṭanpuina emaw beiseia ti an ni lo. Chutih rual vek chuan khawtlangin an humhalh piah lam, Sorkarin dan chi hrang hrang hmanga a humhalhte erawh thiam thil bik leh hmanraw chi dang deuh hmang tan lo chuan man hleihtheihloh khawpin sangha leh nungcha chi dang a vang viau thung ṭhin.

Tuipui D YMA luidung humhalh chhunga sangha. Thlalatu: Avena Renthlei

Ramngaw leh nungchate humhalh kawngah mipuite nena ṭanrual a pawimawhzia hriain India Sorkar chuan mipuite chakna hmanga humhalh a, enkawl a duh avanga heng ‘Social forestry’ kaihhnawih ho hi a duanchhuah a ni a. Sorkar Social forestry programme-in a huam ve siloh Mizorama hlawhtling êm êm si chu khawtlangin luidung a humhalh leh nghafuan a ven te hi a ni awm e.

Mahni insengsoin, sorkar puihna telloin, ṭhahnemngaihna avang liau liauin a thim a var thlu lovin khawtlangin nghafuan an veng a, an khaw ram china luidung an humhalha, tha leh tui tam tak an seng ral a, sorkar humhalh ai mahin a lo hlawhtling ta zawk fo ṭhin. Khawtlang inpêkna hi a hluin a zahawm êm êm a, National Forest Policy 1988 duangtu te pawh hian hetiang êm êma inpêkna nasa hi an ngaihtuah thleng pha kher loin a rinawm.

Hetiang taka mi inpê te zarah luia nungchate pawh an lo inthlah pung chho ve leh ṭan a, hmun ṭhenkhatah phei chuan lui kantu te tan pawha hmuhnawm khawp a tling hial a. Chutiang thleng pha tur inlungrualna leh ṭhahnemngaihna bak hmanraw dang an nei lo. Khawtlangin a humhalh leh a vên chhunga
luia sangha te a ruka lo man te, nghafuan lo rut ta mai te an awm fo ṭhin a. Heng hi khawtlang zahlohna lian tak a ni a, ram dan bawhchhiatna lian tak a ni bawk. Ruihhlo zawrh leh kawl avanga khawtlang leh ram dan bawhchhia te nen ang khat reng a ni.

Khawtlang humhalh luidunga sangha man

Tunhnaiah Phaizau khawtlangin luidung an humhalhah miṭhenkhat ten bomb hmangin sangha an man thu a thang chiam a, Phaizau khawtlang mai bakah humhalhtu pawl hrang hrang ten thuchhuah an siam bawk. Mi ṭhenkhatten “Ngawi dawha tla a ni e” tiin an lo chhan ve bawk. Bomb hmang emaw ngawi dawh hmanga man a ni emaw Sorkar dan dinglai “Mizoram Fisheries (Ammendment) Act 2016, 6:1(a) (c) & (d)” bawhchhiatna a ni ve ve tih erawh a chiang viau mai. Bomb hi lo hmang ta se phalna neilova puak thei thil kawl an ni tihna a ni tel bawk. Tin, khawtlang humhalh lai a mi kher kher a nih avang hian vantlang tana hnawksak pawh an ni tel bawk ang. Riverine Reserve area chhunga mi an man avang pawh hian hrem theih an la ni leh zel awm e. Vantlangin an humhalh hmuna dan bawhchhiaa nungcha te chunga pawikhawihna thleng hi ramngaw leh nungcha humhalh kawnga mipuite nena thawhho pawimawh zia hriaa National Forest Policy 1988 duangtu te khan lo hre ve se an rilru a na ngawt ang.

Phaizau khaw thuchhuah leh humhalhtu pawl hrang hrang te thuchhuah aṭanga a lan danin he pawikhawihnaah hian khawtual mi bakah dan siamtu zinga mi a tel ve ni awm tak a lang hi a pawiin a vanduai thlak takzet a ni. Danin a phalloh hmanrua an hman piah lamah khawtlang humhalh chhung a mi kher kher an man hi thil ṭhalo tak a ni a, khawtlang zahlohna lian tak a ni. Ram leh hnam tana thawk tura mipuite thlanin a mipuite humhalh chhunga mi ngei, dan phalloh hmanga a man nia lang hi chhuichian tham niin a lang. Hemi kawngah hian a changtu Department lam aṭanga hmalakna emaw thawm hriattur tun thlenga a la awm lo hian Mizoram hmun hrang hranga dan phalloh hmanga sangha man ṭhinte a ti huangtau sawt ang tih a hlauhawm hle. India dan hnuaia Environment kaihhnawiha hleilenna thleng ṭhin chungchanga mahni kut zala laa “Suo moto” thei te hmalakna thawm hriattur a la awm lo leh zel te pawh hi sorkar humhalh aia mipui humhalh a hlawhtlin zawk ṭhin dan te nen pawh hian a in chawbe viau tho bawk.

“World Fishery Day” denchhena November 21, 2020-a Fishery Department changtu minister-in luidunga nungchate phalna neilova man te leh hmanraw hman phalloh hmangte chunga hremna lekkawh theih a nih dan te chiang takin a sawi a. Kha dan hmang khan tuna Phaizau khawtlang humhalh a dan phalloh anga chete chungah hian rorelna lekkawh a ni dawn em? Tih hi Zoram mipuiten kan thlir a, kan ngaihchang reng a ni. FIR lut kherlo pawha mahni kut zala laa rorelna lekkawh theihna tura thuneihna nei te pawh hian an duh chuan hma an la thei reng tih te pawh mipui ten kan hre khiau mai. Pawikhawihtu te hrem loha an chhuah fo hian dan pawisaklohna a thlen a, sual a ti punlun ṭhin. Tun ṭuma luidunga dan bawhchhiatna thleng nia lang hi dan anga ngaihtuah a nih loh chuan dan pawisak lohna nasa zawk a thlen a hlauhawm tak zet a ni.

[Vanglaini Dec. 7, 2020-ah tihchhuah a ni]

Defragmenting The Dampa Tiger Reserve: The Andermanik Frontier

September, ten years ago, we were assigned to conduct an Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed Indo-Bangla Border Road Fencing which transect through the Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR). After a month preparation, we packed our gears and head to Teirei Rest House. Our team comprised of our PI, Mr Laltlanhlua Zathang, ACF, Mr. B. Malsawmkima (B-a), Ms Laldinthari (Madini) and I. At Teirei, we were joined by Wildlife Guards of the Teirei Range.

Fully packed motor-boat, in the middle is our boss, Pu Tlana. The availability of the motor-boat service in this region depended upon the level of water in the Khawthlang tuipui.

We were divided into three groups, I was the leader of team 1, who stationed at Sailui. Both team 2 and 3 were stationed at Andermanik Anti-Poaching Camp, they were led by Mr B-a and Ms Madini, respectively. Our mission was to conduct a vegetation analysis along the proposed transect of the Indo-Bangla Border Road fencing.

From Rajiv Nagar, we rode a motor-boat till the Sailui Junction, where my team would camped, the other teams sailed till the Andermanik village. We fortunately spotted a Jhum hut, which relieved us from constructing a shelter. We stayed at Sailui for two nights; we cooked our own food, slept on our own beddings, hence, we didn’t bother our host, the owner of the jhum hut 😁. Our camping site was outside the DTR core area, hence anthropological activities were not prohibited.

Ms Madini and the bridge on the River Khawthlang Tuipui

Andermanik Village ~14 Km from Sailui was, however, within the core area and was about to be relocated, negotiations were going on, then. After completing our task along the Sailui-Andermanik transect, we decided to join our friends at the Andermanik Anti-Poaching camp. Instead of taking the normal path, we decided to walk down the Gundasuri stream, that drains to the Khawthlang tuipui. Our porter, whom I fondly called “Bondu” led the way, he cut the bushes and cleared the path. As we move down the stream, I could spot several pug-marks. Undoubtedly it was one of the natural wildlife corridor. The plan was to reach Andermanik by means of a raft.

In the midst of the Jungle, we encountered these jubilant kids, they swam the whole afternoon. @Sailui

Our team and the kids in the Jungle @Sailui

Our host winnowing the paddy. While her husband was working elsewhere, she was looking after their Jhum field and their kids.

Suron, the obedient boy @Sailui. He was always ready to strike a pose 😀

My Team at rest…Somewhere between the Sailui and the Andermanik Village

My Men…at the mouth of the Gundasuri stream that we transect

Busy Bondu, the engineer, constructing a bamboo raft

Bondu was the engineer, Pu Samuel-a and Mapuia helped him in collecting the bamboo. I could overheared them saying “rawṭhing chu sât suh, a láng ṭha duhlo…” After completion, we tried once, and found that the raft could not bear our weight, we need to cut more bamboos. During the process, a gentleman from Andermanik was solo-rafting, without much belongings. We hitchhiked him; I rode on his raft, and the other three rode on the raft that we built. After 2 hours of rafting along the Khawthlang tuipui, we finally landed at Andermanik, it was already dark.

A gentleman from Andermanik, whom we hitchhiked

Captain Bondu and crew…rafting the Khawthlang tuipui

My captain! He was swiftly paddling the raft. The bamboo culm he hold would not be shorter than 18 ft, which he frequently dipped, as if he was trying to measure the depth of the river. He didn’t realised that his dipping and retracting of the bamboo-paddle horrified his mate, who couldn’t swim! And that dipping and retracting told how deep the river was!
After a few hours, he suddenly shouted, “Gui…gui” which left me confused. Later on, I realised that he was spotting a Tuipuisatang (Water Monitor Lizard – Varanus salvator) at a distant shore! To him, it was a nutrition that perish!

It was dark, when we arrived at Andermanik. These two youths left, as we landed.

Inside the Anti-Poaching Camp, Andermanik…Bondu, Tlangaupa and Pu Muankima.
They were all surprised to see us at the camp. Since there was no mobile phone signals, and we were also void of radio, we couldn’t inform them.

We stayed at Andermanik for a night and the next day, we left for Rajiv Nagar, by foot. It took us around 4 hrs to cover ~ 16.41 Km of steep and slippery paths, up and down the gorges. Knowing the consequences and the biodiversity threats that was awaiting, we proposed that if at all the border had to be fenced, it should be done at the zero boundary, not even an inch inside the Tiger Reserve. Wildlife corridors should be reserved as plenty and wide as possible. We did the best we could. After all it was our first assignment since leaving the university, two months back! When we were approached for this project, our result was not even declared! But we were energetic and dedicated, we were satisfied with our efforts, since we gave our best.

Inside the Andermanik, the Village that fragmented

Prior to its relocation, Andermanik was the only village inside the core area of the DTR. There were 200 houses, 3 primary schools, six grocery shops and a BSF Duty post. Like other Chakma community, their main religion was Buddhism and solely dependent on Jhumming for their sustenance.

It was very rare to see people fetching water with a plastic container in this part of the land.

Public urinal… It is a common thing in Mizoram

Power supply was not available. Some villagers harnessed the solar energy and watched a television.

Harvesting the Nawinâwk (Basella alba) leaves. They gave us some few, tried and tested, excess amount of Dangpuithu (Sidol) spoil the menu.

Communication was a problem. Since they could speak their own dialect only.

A Chakma boy wearing a traditional Teng-chara

Protector of the Forest…Strike Forces and Wildlife Guards…and Bondu, my friend.

A view from the Anti-Poaching camp. In 2012, I met Pu Samuela, and he told me that Andermanik Village was relocated and those places like this were transformed into a playground of the fauna, the floral community dominated the landscape and transformed into a fawning and a stotting place for the quadrupeds.

We tried our best not to imposed habitat fragmentation, but it was beyond our power whether the fencing should or should not be constructed. We were told, “It’s a matter of national security.” Though the Andermanik Village that fragmented the reserve was relocated, how would a fencing and a motorable patrolling path not fragmented the Tiger Reserve?

[Powered by Canon 1000D with 18 – 55mm IS USM]

Think.Eat.Save

Environment chungchang te, a chhiat tawh dan leh a humhalh dan kawng hrang hrang te kan hre chamchi a, mahni phak tawk ṭheuhah, a humhalhna kawngah pawh hma kan sawn tlang viau tawh a a lawmawm tak zet a ni. Environment han tih hian Mizoṭawng chuan “Kan chhehvel thil” tiin kan sawi mai ṭhin a, a dik thawkhat viau a, amaherawhchu Environment-ah hian keimahni, mihring te leh nungcha dang te pawh hi kan tel ve a ni tih kan hriatnawn a ṭha. Zirmite chuan Environment pawh hi chi hrang hrangah an la ṭhendarh leh chhawng a, tun ṭumah erawh hi chuan Bio-Physical Environment hi kan sawi ber tur a ni ang.

UNEP chuan World Environment Day 2013 thupui atan “Think.Eat.Save.Reduce your Foodprint” tih a thlang a, hei hi buh leh bal (Food = Chaw), eiral ni silo, thildang avanga riral ṭhin venna tura hmalakna a ni. UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)-in a tarlan danin kumtinin buh leh bal 1.3 billion tonnes (ton tluklehdingawn khat leh vaibelchhetak thum) a riral ṭhin. Hei hi Africa khawmualpuia Sahara thlaler chhim lam ram, ram 27, chhunga cheng ten kumkhat chhunga buh leh bal an thar chhuah zat nen intluk tawka ngaih a ni. Hetih lai hian khawvel mihring pasarih zela pakhatin chaw ei tur an nei lo a, rilṭam/chaw ei tur neih loh avangin nitin naupang kum nga hnuailam mi 20,000 thi ziah anga chhut a ni bawk. Kum khata chhunga buh leh bal eiloha riral ṭhin hlut zawng hi US$ 1trillion (Dollar tluklehdingawn sangkhat) hu zet a ni.

Buh leh Bal, Ei tur riral

Mihring te ei tura ruahman, buh leh bal – eitur ten an chakna an hloh emaw, mihring te ei tlakloh leh ei theihloha chhan hrang hrang avanga a lo awm hian Food loss leh Food waste an ti a, Mizoṭawng chuan buh leh bal riral tiin emaw ei tur riral tiin emaw a sawi theih mai awm e.

Buh leh bal (chaw) mihring te ei tura duan, a eitu tur, mihring te hnen a thlen hmaa bo thlau emaw riral emaw, ṭawih chhia emaw hi food loss an tih chu a ni a, buh leh bal a tharchuah/siamchhuahna hmunah te, thar sa sawngbawlna hmunah te leh phurh kual a, semdarhna lamah te food loss hi a tam ber. Food waste an tih, mihring te eitura ruahman, a eitur te hnen pawh thleng thlap si, chhan dang engemaw avanga ei loha rirala bo thlau ta ang hi a zawrhna hmunah leh a leitu te kuta a awm tawh hnuah a thleng tam ber thung. Hralh chak loh vang emaw, ei zawh sen loh leh ei har lutuk vang emaw a thleng a ni tlangpui.

Buh leh Bal Riral leh Environment inlaichinna

Environment leh buh leh bal riralin eng inzawmna nge a neih? Tih hi zawhna awm thei tak a ni. Leia thilnung tinreng te hian dam khawchhuah nan chaw kan mamawh a, mihring te phei chuan kan mamawh zual bik emaw tih tur a ni. Kan ei tur, kan chaw tur thar turin tha leh tui, sum leh pai, hun tam tak kan sen a ngai a, chumai bakah a chinna tur hmun te, a zawrhna tur hmun te a ngai bawk. Chung mi thar sa lei tur chuan sum leh pai tam tak sen a ngai a, ei theih tura sawngbawl a la ngai fé bawk. Buh leh bal te eiral ni siloa kawng dang, ei tlakloha a riral hian, kan sawi tak, sum leh pai, tha leh tui, hun leh hmun kan sen zawng zawng te kha a thlawn vek tihna a ni a, a hlutzawng chhut thiam tan chuan thil uihawm tawp a ni.

Khawvel puma buh leh bal, ei tur tharchhhuahna leh siam chhuahna hmun te hian he leia mihring te chen theihna tur ram za zela 25 a zau a awh a, tui thianghlim za zela 70 hman a ni a, Greenhouse Gas siamchhuah za zela 30-ah mawh a phur bawk a, ramngaw chereu chhan za zela 80 pawh hi ei tur siamchhuahna leh tharchhuahna kawnga hmalakna vang a ni, FAO chuan a ti. Chuti a nih chuan buh leh bal tharchhuah tawh, ei tur ei leh si loha a riral nasat chuan a hlawkna tel bawk silovin natural resources kan ti riral thlawn tihna a ni a, khawvel kan tichhiat belh zel tihna a ni bawk.

Khawvelah mihring kan pung zel a, chaw kan mamawh tam tial tial a, a tharchhuahna turin hmun kan mamawh zau telh telh bawk. Kan eitur tharchhuahna turin ramngaw kan ṭhiat a, luia sangha leh thilnung dangten an tuar bawk a, ran vulh te chaw tur hnim leh thlai dang tam tak lak a ngai bawk. Chung zawng zawngin a nghawng chhuah chu Environment chingpen a ni a; thingin a tuar a, mauin a tuar, luiin a tuar a, ruahtui a tla tlem a, nungcha dangin an tuar a, a nghawng nasat ber chu mihringte bawk hi kan ni. Buh leh bal riral hi leilung hausakna tih riralna chikhat a ni a, a chhe zawnga Environment nghawngtu lian tak a ni bawk.

Ei tur riral tihtlem – Environment vawnhimna

He leia mihringte kan awm chhung hi chuan buh leh bal tharchhuah hi a reh dawn lo va, ei tura ranvulh lah a bo hek lovang. Ei tura thar tawhsa te a riral mai lohnana hmalak a ngai a, chu mai bakah mamawh tawk bak dehchhuah loh a ṭul. Kan tharchhuah tawhsa te pawh a vawnṭhat kawngah hma kan lak a ngai tak zet a ni. He thupui “Think.Eat.Save” an thlanna chhan pawh hi Buh leh Bal riral nasa lutuk tih reh hi Environment vawnhimna kawng pawimawh tak a nih vang a ni.

Mongol Bort. Image Courtesy: https://khantravel.mn/air-dried-meat-borts/

Hmanlai chuan eitur vawnṭhat dan kawng tam tak an neia, a ṭhen an rep a, a ṭhen a téng khang a, a ṭhen an um a, a ṭhen an er-fu a, tunlai angin khawl leh hmanrua neiṭha lo mahse, an vela thil awm te ṭangkai takin an hmangthiam a, eitur vawn ṭhat an thiam êm êm a ni. Hnam hnufual zawka ngaih ten eitur vawn ṭhat dan kawng hrang hrang an hriat te leh an chindan te chu tunah hian UNEP hian a khawn khawm mek a, Mongol Lal ropui Genghis Khan-a leh a sipaiten Asia ram zaupui mai hneh tuma an rammut laia an chaw rinpui ber chu bort an tih mai, bawngsa – rêp dan chikhata rêp a ni a, chung Bort kuttum tia lek chuan bawng pumkhatin chakna a pai ang zat tho a pai niin an sawi. Chu’ng Mongol ho chaw vawn ṭhat dan te leh hnam hrang hrang ten ei tur vawn ṭhat dan an neih chu chawi nun leh tum mêk a ni.

Hetih lai hian, tunlai, thiamna sang takah hian eitur vawn ṭhatna hmanrua chi hrang hrang a awm chung hian ei loha riral a nasa zual sauh emaw tih tur a ni a, a bik takin ram changkangah a hluar a, eitur vawnṭhat kawngah an inthlahdah avangin ei tur ei siloh tam tak a ri rala, ram hrang hrang te economic dinhmun a tlakhniam mek lai hian chaw/eitur man a pung zel a, kum 40 chhunga chaw/eitur man a san lai ber niin FAO chuan a tarlang. Chuti chung chuan eilohin tam tak a riral reng tho va, sum tam tak an sengthlawn reng tihna a ni.

Mizote dinhmun

Kan Pi-Pute khan buh hi nunna ber, chaw pui ber a nih avangin, paih thiangloah an ngai a, rama an chaw ei bang nawi pawh an paih mai mai ngailo. An phak tawkah eitur vawnṭhat dan kawng pawh an lo hre fu mai; thil chi hrang hrang um nachang an hria a, sa leh thlai chi hrang hrang rep ṭhat nachang an hre bawk. Tin, chaw nawi eitur vawk leh ran dang vulhna chang an lo hre leh zel te kha an ngaihsanawm ngawt mai, ṭhangtharte pawhin kan chhunzawm zel a ngai a ni.

Damparengpui khaw pain a buh thar, In lama an phurh thlen.

Mizoram ang tlangram, in kalpawh zung zung a harsatna hmunah phei hi chuan buh leh bal vawnṭhat dan kawng hi kan zawn nasat a tul takzet a. Post-Harvesting plant te hi chu Policy Matters lam a nia, Sorkar hotu te remhriatnaah dah ta ila, mipui nawlpuiin kan tih theih leh kan tih mêk tam tak a awm a, chu’ng chu midang te hnena kan hlan chhawn ve zel pawh a ṭul a ni. Ram hla taka mi chah kher emaw, ram hla taka thawn chhuah kher emaw kan tum hian, a thawn kualna velah ṭhahnem fe chu a riral ṭhin a, chu ai chuan kan bul hnaia kan lei mai emaw, kan hralha mai emaw hian riral tur a titlem a, Environment vawnhimna kawng awlsam tak a ni.

Tlangkawmna

Hausak leh changkânna umna khawvela cheng te hian kan duham luat kan tuar ṭan mêk a, buh leh bal chingtuin tam tak thar a tum a, a zuar chhawng tuin hlawk lawih tham tur hralh a duh leh a, a leitu ten lak tama lak tlawm an tum lehna khawvelah hian kan tharchhuah sa, kan hralh sen loh leh kan ei senloh ṭhahnem tak a riral mêk a, chung riral ta te leh riral lemlo te pawh tharchhuak a, siamchhuahna kawnga thawhhlawk ber chu kan chenna leilung, sik leh sa, “Environment” hi a ni a, Environment-in a zir loh chuan kan tharchhuah a tlem a, tharchhuaktu tur te kan chaklo a, tharchhuahsa leina tur thawhchhuah a harsa ṭhin bawk. Chutih rual chuan kan tharchhuah sa engmahlova a riral leh si hian keimahniin kan tuar a, Environment a nghawng pawi êm êm bawk si. Chuvang chuan tharchhuah leh eiral inbûk tawk sela, ei sen loh emaw ei mai loh tur emaw vawnṭhat dan kawng kan dap a ngai a, ningnawi ngah loh kan zir thar a ngai tak zet bawk a ni. UNEP Executive Director, Achim Steiner-a thusawi hian ti tawp teh ang “Ram economy te, Environment leh mihring nunphung te leh tunlai khawvela harsatna hrang hrang, ṭamtla te, sik-leh sa danglam zel leh ramngaw chereu zel te leh ram leilung chhe mek te hi a inkungkaih a, chung venna kawng pawimawh tak chu Ei loha riral tih tlem hi a ni.”

[June 5, 2013-a Vanglaini chanchinbu-a tihchhuah tawh, siamrem a ni]

On the Top of Mizoram: A Royal Ascend

‎Aizawl to Sangau

It was Dec. 5th, 2012 05:30 a.m., I was awakened by the most irritating tone of all…an alarm! Waking up at such an hour in a winter morning was not in my routine, if not for a very special occasion. The previous night, I packed my backpacks, keeping everything ready for an early morning Royal ride. As usual, camera, tripod, gps, ors, chocolate, country made knife, torch, a puan-nuam embedded in a sleeping bag etc. were in my bag. Since it was winter, no insect repellent cream was required. Tent was with B-a.

Firing my ride, I head on to our RV at Ngaizel. My friend B-a, with whom I’ll be traveling was from the West end of the city while I’m from the East end, and we’re heading south. B-a soon arrived. Filling up our fuel, we move ahead towards our destination. The plan was to reach Sangau as early as possible; which is around 230 Km from Aizawl. We took the World Bank road, and at Chalkhan we take a left turn towards Serchhip. At Sailiamkawn, my partner was stopped by the Assam Rifle Jawans. He was also equipped with knife, camera, gps and other gadgets, may be those looks suspicious. After a while he joined me again. I don’t know why was I not stopped! After having our meal at Keitum, we continued. It was almost 02:00 p.m. when we reached the Tuipui D, where we had to wait for our Royal Enfield to be ferried accross the Chhimtuipui by a mar-boat.

At the Tuipui D pier, waiting for the mar-boat

The mar-boat service there had a special guidelines that made us to wait until two LMV arrived.

The mar-boat service here at Tuipui D is the life-line of the South-Eastern Mizoram. The service is operated by the BRTF, 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. daily except on Sunday. A pedestrian suspension bridge across the river was the only other option available, then.

During monsoon, when mar-boat service is not available, passengers transit, walking across the suspension bridge, catching another vehicle on the other side.

After waiting for a while, finally the mar-boat landed. We loaded our bobber, waiting for others to turn up. In less than 2 minutes, we were ferried across.

Finally we hop on, another vehicles joined us

The areas around the Tuipui D pier had been protected by the Villagers; as we transverse the river, a school of fish swum around the boat. It was so fascinating that I forgot to click a picture of them fishes!

From Tuipui D, The road to Sangau was mostly on the eastern slope of the hillocks, which make it kinda chilly. The moment when we were on the sunnier side, we have to stopped by, exposed and warm up ourselves. After reaching South Vanlaiphai, a Village next to Darzo, the sun was almost setting. The road was re-surfaced, which left lots of pebbles and made it difficult to ride swiftly. When we arrived at Sangau, it was already dark. We headed straight to our host, who was the relative of my partner.

Sangau to Phawngpui

The next morning i.e., Dec. 6, 2012, we continued our journey, driving towards Farpak, the last point where a vehicle could reach. Since my partner had a permission from the CWW, to conduct his research at Phawngpui, we very oftenly had a field work there, hence, the workers were also familiar with us.

At the entrance of the core area of the Phawngpui National Park

Ascending ~ 500m with a Royal bobber was one hell of an experience. It was a fair weather road. That was not the hurdle, though. But the steepness was. From Thaltlang to Farpak, it was not more than 6 Km. Had we measure the slope percentage, it would definitely be 100% and above.

Finally, we arrived at the Farpak, we parked our bobber at the Old Rest House. We filled our gallon and bottles with water, gearing up for another 7Km uphill trek. The elevation at Farpak was ~1900m and our destination, the peak, was 2157m msl. Since it was not our first time, we were well aware of the patrolling path.

A narrow path, midway across Farpak to Phawngpui peak

Since there was no water-bodies near the peak, we had to carry maximum amount of water, and that put on another weight. On the way to the peak, sometimes, you have to crawl beneath the clumps of Schizostachyum fuchsianum. And sometimes, through the tall and thick grasses.

It took us 3½ hrs to reach the peak. Setting up the tent and igniting a fire were the first priorities. After which, we started our work.

A view from the peak: Siachangkawn Village in the mid-bottom; Lungtian Village at the rigth extreme corner. Siaha town flooded by a mist.

I was accompanying my Phenologist friend. The main purpose of the trip was phenology. My comrade, B-a, how we call him, was pursuing his doctoral research on the phenological aspects of Rhodondendron vernacularly termed as “Chhawkhlei” in Mizo. Phawngpui National Park (PNP) is one of the few places where Rhododendron grows in the wild, here in Mizoram. Apart from PNP, it is also found at Tualcheng, Champhai, Ţan tlang, Lurh tlang, Farkawn and East Khankawn. The genus is confined in the Eastern highlands of the state.

Manipulating the polination of a Rhododendron vaechiatinum

Even though I often accompanied him on his field work, I have very limited knowldege of phenological sciences. What we usually did, as I could recollect, was covering the buds of a Rhododendron with a net, so as to manipulate its pollination; In a pixelated terminology, they might termed it hacking the pollination 😁. Most of the time, I was his photographer and his personal body guard. He was better in cooking, hence he cooked, while I’m better in chopping and splitting fuel woods, which I did. Like wise, we assisted each other.

There were at least three different species of Rhodendron at PNP. As far as my understanding is concerned, these species grows in a very specific ecosystem. Survival rate and regeneration rate is also very low. Dormancy also is long. Wildfires often threatened its survival.

PNP

Phawngpui National Park (PNP) is one of the 10 protected areas, and one of the two National Parks of Mizoram, it covers an area of 50 Km². Entry is permitted after paying necessary fees. However, collection of specimen, cutting of plants, killing, snaring and catching of wild animals are strictly prohibited. For research purpose, permission has to be acquired from EF&CC, GoM. Entering the Park without a guide is also prohibited.

Fading glory … A dry Saiburh flower…one of the most common herb at Farpak.

Homeward bound

We were done! We’re homeward bound. Trekking downhill and riding downhill were equally uncomfortable. As long as the wheel rotate, it was fine, but there were moments when the wheel could not rotate but slide on the pebbles. After carefully riding downhill, we finally managed to reach Thaltlang. We halt a night at Sangau; the next morning we continue our journey back home.

At Tuipui D, it was the same ol’ story, waiting for the mar boat and two other LMV. But this time, it was an HMV that turned up.

A Royal pose at the Mar boat on our way back.

After an intensive research work for years, the Mizoram University finally awarded him a Doctorate degree. You can reach him here https://www.facebook.com/malsawm.kima.7

Mau Malsawmna

Khawvela hnam chi hrang tam tak zinga mau leh rua buaipui nasa ber te zinga mi chu Mizote hi kan ni awm e. Keini ang bawkin India hmarchhaka hnam hrang hrang te leh Asia rama hnam hrang hrang, a bikin Asia chhim chhak lam hnam te pawhin an hmang ṭangkaiin an buaipui nasa hle a. Mau leh rua pawh chi hrang an ngah hle bawk. Kan hnam azirin kan hman dan a inanglo a, deh-hnanga kan themthiam dan pawh a inthlau viau bawk.

Sihphir Puansen ram-ah hian dan lovin khua din a ni a, a vel ramngaw a chereu nasa hle. Nasa taka an beih hnuah Sihphir khawtlang chuan dan lova awm te an um chhuaka, sanctuary atan an cheibawlin an humhalh ta a, reilote chhungin ramngawah, mau hmun ṭha takah a lo chang leh ta

India ramah hian mau leh rua (tun aṭang chuan mau tiin kan sawi tawh ang) chi hrang 125 (tualṭo) leh 11 (lakluh) a awm ni a ngaih a ni a, heng mau leh rua hrang hrang te ṭona hmun belhkhawm hi 156866 sq. Km zeta zau a ni (SFR 2017). India hi khawvela mau leh rua ngah berte zinga mi niin, China dawttu ni a sawi a ni a, a ngah ber anga sawi an awm bawk. India ramah chuan India hmarchhak, leh West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh te leh Chhim thlang lam hi mau leh rua ṭona hmunpui a ni a, India Hmarchhak state hrang hrang a awmna hmun hi India rama mau hmun awm zat za a 32 zet a ni thung (SFR 2017).

Mizoram dinhmun

Mizoramah hian mau leh raw lam chi tualṭo 25 leh lakluh 10 a awm nia ngaih a ni bawk (E&F 2010). Mizorama mau zingah “Mautak” (Melocanna baccifera) a tam ber a, mau lam chi kan neih za a sawmkua zet hi mautak nia ngaih a ni. Rawṭhing, Rawnal leh Phulrua te hi Mautak tihlohah chuan a tam ber te zinga mi a ni. Kum 2009 khan Forest Research Institute (FRI) lama mithiam Dr. HB Naithani-a leh a hoten Mizoram aṭangin mau chi thar, khawvel hmundang aṭanga report a la awm lo – Talan (Bambusa mizorameana) leh Dampa mau (Bambusa dampaeana) an hmuchhuaka (Naithani et. al. 2009, 2010), ‘talan’ hi chu Mizoten kan hriatṭhan sa pangngai a ni; anmahni vêk hian Manipur ramah ‘talan’ an hmuh thu an tarlang bawk.

State of Forest Report 2017-in a tarlan danin Mizorama mau ṭona hmun zawng zawng hi belhkhawmin 3267 sq. Km a ni a, report hmasa, SFR 2011 aiin 5978 sq. Km zetin kan mau hmun a kiam thung. Hei hi a chhan chhui chian ngai tak a ni. Kum 2006 chhoa mautam aṭangin mau chi hrang hrang a tah tawlin a tam chhho zel a, mautak, phulrua leh rawthla te a tam a, kum 2012 aṭangin rawnal a tam ṭan ve leh a, tun thlengin a la tam chhunzawm a. Kum 2015 khan Zawlnuam leh a chhehvelah rawṭhing a tam tlat bawk (Vanlalfakawma et. al. 2017).

Mautam hnuhnung bera tam ho khan ngai a awh chho leh ṭan tawha ngaih a ni a, chutih rual chuan mau hmun thildang atana hman zui tak a awm nual niin a lang bawk. Tun dinhmunah hian Mizoramah hian mau pum maktaduai 706 a awm nia chhut a ni a, SFR 2011[1] aiin pum 1489 zetin a kiam bawk.

Muthi lui kama Rawnal (D. longispathus) hung

Tun dinhmunah hian Mizoramah hian mau pum maktaduai 706 a awm nia chhut a ni a, SFR 2011 aiin pum 1489 zetin a kiam bawk. Mautam nghawng ai mahin ram leilung kan enkawl dan avanga mau hmun hi lo kiam a, mau pum zat hi lo kam ta duai niin a lang.

Mizo mau nge ṭha ramdang mau?

Ramdanga an mau te lakah chuan Mizorama kan mau te hi chu a chhah zawngah chuan a chhah lem lo viaua, a pum pawh a lian lo deuh zawk. Chutih rual chuan Mizoram kan mau neihsa te hman ṭangkai dan kawng zawng silova ramdanga an hman dan anga a hman hleihtheih loh avanga Mizorama mau te hi hmantlak lo leh chhe lailet dera kan puh ṭhin hi chu kan duhthawh deuh mah mah niin a lang. DN Tewari (1992) chuan “mautak hi paper ṭha bik siam nan an hmang ṭhin” tiin ‘A Monograph on Bamboo’ tih buah a sawia, hei ringawt pawh hi bawhzui tham a ni ang.

Mizoram mau Phai lama phurh thlak tur…@Saihapui

RIPANS leh MZU lama Mizorama mau ten Cellulose an pai zat an zirchiannaah chuan mautak leh rawnal te hian khawvel ramdanga an zirchian tawh thing leh mau chi dang te aiin cellulose a pai hnem zawk a ni tih an hmuchhuaka (Pachuau et. al., 2013; 2014). Tin, MZU-a an zirchiannaah Mizoram mau chi thum – Mautak, rawṭhing leh rawnal ten khawvel tilumtu boruak thianghlim lo – Carbondioxide (CO₂) a eiral hi khawvel ramdanga mau ten an eiral aiin a sang zawk a ni tih an hmuchhuak bawk (Vanlalfakawma, 2018); China mau ṭha nia an sawi ṭhin, Moso mau (Phyllostachys edulis) ai pawhin a sang zawk nghe nghe.

Mizo Kristian te tan sakhaw dang biakna hmanrua, agarbati stick lo phurpui viau pawh hi a fuh zan em?

Mizorama bamboo vinegar siamtu langsar tak, Pu Saikhuma (SK Bamboo) chuan Mizoram tualṭo ngei a hman duh zawk thu leh vinegar a chhuah tam ber thu a sawi. Thawkkhat lai khan Agarbati stick siamna tur changchawiin mau chi thar, ram dang aţangin kan lalut chiam mai bawka. A ti nasa ṭhenkhat te kan kawm kualnaah chuan Mizoram mau hi a pan avangin a chhuak tlem deuh nain a khawng zawka, an duh zawk mah niin an sawi. Chumi piah lamah, Mizo Kristian te tan sakhaw dang biakna hmanrua, agarbati stick lo phurpui viau pawh hi a fuh zan em? Ngaihtuah tham tak a ni.

Rawtuai – mautuai leh a kaihhnawih

Rawtuai leh mautuai hi Mizo te hian kan ei nasa hle mai a, keini ang bawkin khawvela hnam hrang hrang te pawh hian an lo ei nasa ve tho mai bawk. Rawtuai khawrh hi a pawi em? Khap tur a ni em? Tih zawhna hi a ri a ring hle ṭhin, tun thleng pawha la chhan mumalloh niin a lang. Mizoram tan bika felfai taka zirbinga thultukna leh rawtna mumal tak hi a la awmlo niin a lang bawk. Rinthu leh thu puarpawlenga inhnial ai chuan a taka zirchian mai hi a fuhin a rinawm.

Rawtuai khawrh leh khawrhloh tluk zeta pawimawh chu mau pum sah leh sah loh hi a ni. Rawtuai khawrh dan chungchanga kaihhruaina kan neilo ang bawkin mau sah dan chungchangah pawh kaihhruaina mumal kan neilo niin a lang. A bik takin mau pum kan sahin a upat dan kan ngaipawimawh lemlo niin a lang. MZU-in kum 2014 leh 15-a an zirchiannaah Aizawl veng hrang hranga mau pum zuarho zawrhlai a enfiaha, heng zinga a tam zawk hi tuai tê tê, kum hmasa tuai emaw, kum 2 la tlingo emaw a ni fur tih hmuhchhuah a ni (Lalremsang et. al. 2017). Kum 3 tal a tlin hmaa sah hian mau ṭhang zel tur a ti ṭhuanawp hle a, a hung pawhin a tuar thei hle a ngaih a ni (Salam & Deka, 2007). Mau pum kan sah nasat lutuk chuan rawtuai insiam tur a tibuai pha tih hi khawvel ram danga zirmite hmuhchhuah a ni. Chutih rual chuan sah ngailoh leh a tuai khawrh ngailohnaah chuan a hung a tawta, a zungpui insiama ṭhang zel tur a ti ṭhuanawp thei thung (Salam & Deka, 2007).

Mizoram mau, Langkaih lui kaltlanga phai lama an tawlh… Pic. Courtesy: Ap-a

World Bamboo Day

Kum 2009-a Bangkok-a World Bamboo Congress vawi 8-na chuan September 18 hi World Bamboo Day (WBD) atan a puang a, hemi a chinah kumtin thupui bik neiin hman ṭhin a ni ta a ni. Kumin World Bamboo Day thupui atan World Bamboo Organization chuan “Sustainability = Environment + Society + Economy” a thlang a, mau hmanga hmasawnna ṭhang dik neih theih dan tur, environment tana pawi silo, mipui te tana hmasawnna ni si, ram economy tana ṭhanna thlen thei tur si chungchang a ni ber awm e.

Khawvel ram hrang hranga zirmite chuan mau hmanga eizawng te dinhmun nasa takin an zira, mau hmanga sum leh pai dehchhuah dan ṭha zawk tur an duang chho mek zel a, a awmsa tihpun kawngah ṭan an la nasa hle. Pi-Pu hunlai aṭanga an lo hman dan hnualsuat lovin, a ti hmasawn zawng leh hralh tlak lehzual turin an cheihnum a, a tlo leh zual theih nan a vawnṭhat dan te pawh an ngaihtuah nasa hle bawk. Tin, tarlan tawh angin khawvela thlai zinga ṭhang chak ber a nih miau avangin mau hian environment siam ṭhat kawngah a thawhhlawk hle tih hi hmuhchhuah zel a ni bawk.

Mizorama Bamboo Indutry hlun ber chuan Bamboo matply leh a kaihhnawih siam nan Mautak leh Rawnal an duh ber tlat!

Mizo society leh culture-a bet nghet tak, kan rama mau te hi tun aia hman ṭangkai dan leh hlawk zawk kan ngaihtuah a ṭul a, chu chu kan bat pawh a ni. Ramdanga an tih tawh ang tih ve a, an mau ang chawk luh chiam ai chuan kan ram mau ṭhat bikna ngaihtuah chunga hlawk leh ṭangkai thei ang ber tura kan ram mau te kan hman hi kan mawhphurhna a ni. Chumi rual chiah chuan a sah hun leh khawrh dan te, enkawl dan ṭha zawk te pawh nasa leh zuala kan inzirtir a pawimawh hle bawk. Mau kaltlanga malsawmna kan dawn mêk hi kan dawn chhunzawm zel theih nana malsawmna inthup hi hailang zel turin kan puanven i sawichhing sauh sauh ang u khai.

[1]State of Forest Report (SFR) 2011 hi kum 2009 – 2010 chhunga zirchianna, kum 2011-a tichhuah a ni a, chutiang zelin SFR 2017 hi kum 2015 – 2016 chhunga zirchianna kum 2017-a tihchhuah a ni bawk.

Thulakna te:

David C. Vanlalfakawma, F. Lalnunmawia, and S.K. Tripathi (2018). Bamboo Ecosystem: An Untapped carbon trading resources. In: Climate Change and Developing Countries (Ed. Banshaikupar Lyngdoh Mawlong). Cambridge Scholars Publishing, UK. Pp. 222 – 236. ISBN (10):1-5715-1174-X; ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-1174-3

David C. Vanlalfakawma, F. Lalnunmawia, S.K. Sen, and S.K. Tripathi, (2017). Sporadic flowering of Bambusa tulda in Mizoram: A preliminary report. Sci Vis. 17(3):160 – 162.

Environment & Forest (2010). Bamboos of Mizoram. Environment and Forest Department. Government of Mizoram, Aizawl. Pp. 1 – 206

Lalduhsanga Pachuau, C. Malsawmtluangi, Nirmal Kumar Nath, H. Ramdinsangi, David C. Vanlalfakawma, Shri Kant Tripathi (2013). Physicochemical and functional characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from bamboo (Dendrocalamus longispathus). International Journal of PharmTech Research 5 (4):1561-1571

Lalduhsanga Pachuau, David C. Vanlalfakawma, Shri Kant Tripathi, H. Lalhlenmawia (2014) Muli bamboo (Melocanna baccifera) as a new source of microcrystalline cellulose. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 4 (11):087-094

H.B. Naithani (2009). Bambusa mizorameana, a New Species of Bamboo from Mizoram, India. Indian Forester 135(9): 1291 – 1292.

H.B. Naithani, S. S. Garbyal, N. S. Bisht (2010). Bambusa dampaeana – a New Species of Bamboo from Mizoram, India. Indian Forester 136 (7): 991 – 992.

Paul Lalremsang, David C. Vanlalfakawma and S.K. Tripathi (2017). Socio-Economic Potential and marketing trend of Bamboo in Mizoram: A case study from Aizawl District. Indian Forester 143(9):737 – 744.

Salam, K. and Deka, N.K.R. (2007). In: Kalita, S.N. (ed.) Training manual on Nursery raising, commercial Plantation, preservation and primary processing of bamboo). Cane and Bamboo Technology Centre Bamboo Technical Support Group for National Bamboo Mission, Guwahati – 781 024, Assam, India

SFR (2017). India State of Forest Report 2017. Forest Survey of India, GoI, Dehradun

[Vanglaini Vol. XXXIII No. 221 September 19, 2018-ah tihchhuah a ni]