Mau Malsawmna

Khawvela hnam chi hrang tam tak zinga mau leh rua buaipui nasa ber te zinga mi chu Mizote hi kan ni awm e. Keini ang bawkin India hmarchhaka hnam hrang hrang te leh Asia rama hnam hrang hrang, a bikin Asia chhim chhak lam hnam te pawhin an hmang ṭangkaiin an buaipui nasa hle a. Mau leh rua pawh chi hrang an ngah hle bawk. Kan hnam azirin kan hman dan a inanglo a, deh-hnanga kan  themthiam dan pawh a inthlau viau bawk.

Sihphir Puansen ram-ah hian dan lovin khua din a ni a, a vel ramngaw a chereu nasa hle. Nasa taka an beih hnuah Sihphir khawtlang chuan dan lova awm te an um chhuaka, sanctuary atan an cheibawlin an humhalh ta a, reilote chhungin ramngawah, mau hmun ṭha takah a lo chang leh ta

India ramah hian mau leh rua (tun aṭang chuan mau tiin kan sawi tawh ang) chi hrang 125 (tualṭo) leh 11 (lakluh) a awm ni a ngaih a ni a, heng mau leh rua hrang hrang te ṭona hmun belhkhawm hi 156866 sq. Km zeta zau a ni (SFR 2017). India hi khawvela mau leh rua ngah berte zinga mi niin, China dawttu ni a sawi a ni a, a ngah ber anga sawi an awm bawk. India ramah chuan India hmarchhak, leh West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh te leh Chhim thlang lam hi mau leh rua ṭona hmunpui a ni a, India Hmarchhak state hrang hrang a awmna hmun hi India rama mau hmun awm zat za a 32 zet a ni thung (SFR 2017).

Mizoram dinhmun

Mizoramah hian mau leh raw lam chi tualṭo 25 leh lakluh 10 a awm nia ngaih a ni bawk (E&F 2010). Mizorama mau zingah “Mautak” (Melocanna baccifera) a tam ber a, mau lam chi kan neih za a sawmkua zet hi mautak nia ngaih a ni. Rawṭhing, Rawnal leh Phulrua te hi Mautak tihlohah chuan a tam ber te zinga mi a ni. Kum 2009 khan Forest Research Institute (FRI) lama mithiam Dr. HB Naithani-a leh a hoten Mizoram aṭangin mau chi thar, khawvel hmundang aṭanga report a la awm lo – Talan (Bambusa mizorameana) leh Dampa mau (Bambusa dampaeana) an hmuchhuaka (Naithani et. al. 2009, 2010), ‘talan’ hi chu Mizoten kan hriatṭhan sa pangngai a ni; anmahni vêk hian Manipur ramah ‘talan’ an hmuh thu an tarlang bawk.

State of Forest Report 2017-in a tarlan danin Mizorama mau ṭona hmun zawng zawng hi belhkhawmin 3267 sq. Km a ni a, report hmasa, SFR 2011 aiin 5978 sq. Km zetin kan mau hmun a kiam thung. Hei hi a chhan chhui chian ngai tak a ni. Kum 2006 chhoa mautam aṭangin mau chi hrang hrang a tah tawlin a tam chhho zel a, mautak, phulrua leh rawthla te a tam a, kum 2012 aṭangin rawnal a tam ṭan ve leh a, tun thlengin a la tam chhunzawm a. Kum 2015 khan Zawlnuam leh a chhehvelah rawṭhing a tam tlat bawk (Vanlalfakawma et. al. 2017).

Mautam hnuhnung bera tam ho khan ngai a awh chho leh ṭan tawha ngaih a ni a, chutih rual chuan mau hmun thildang atana hman zui tak a awm nual niin a lang bawk. Tun dinhmunah hian Mizoramah hian mau pum maktaduai 706 a awm nia chhut a ni a, SFR 2011[1] aiin pum 1489 zetin a kiam bawk.

Muthi lui kama Rawnal (D. longispathus) hung

Tun dinhmunah hian Mizoramah hian mau pum maktaduai 706 a awm nia chhut a ni a, SFR 2011 aiin pum 1489 zetin a kiam bawk. Mautam nghawng ai mahin ram leilung kan enkawl dan avanga mau hmun hi lo kiam a, mau pum zat hi lo kam ta duai niin a lang.

Mizo mau nge ṭha ramdang mau?

Ramdanga an mau te lakah chuan Mizorama kan mau te hi chu a chhah zawngah chuan a chhah lem lo viaua, a pum pawh a lian lo deuh zawk. Chutih rual chuan Mizoram kan mau neihsa te hman ṭangkai dan kawng zawng silova ramdanga an hman dan anga a hman hleihtheih loh avanga Mizorama mau te hi hmantlak lo leh chhe lailet dera kan puh ṭhin hi chu kan duhthawh deuh mah mah niin a lang. DN Tewari (1992) chuan “mautak hi paper ṭha bik siam nan an hmang ṭhin” tiin ‘A Monograph on Bamboo’ tih buah a sawia, hei ringawt pawh hi bawhzui tham a ni ang.

Mizoram mau Phai lama phurh thlak tur…@Saihapui

RIPANS leh MZU lama Mizorama mau ten Cellulose an pai zat an zirchiannaah chuan mautak leh rawnal te hian khawvel ramdanga an zirchian tawh thing leh mau chi dang te aiin cellulose a pai hnem zawk a ni tih an hmuchhuaka (Pachuau et. al., 2013; 2014). Tin, MZU-a an zirchiannaah Mizoram mau chi thum – Mautak, rawṭhing leh rawnal ten khawvel tilumtu boruak thianghlim lo – Carbondioxide (CO2) a eiral hi khawvel ramdanga mau ten an eiral aiin a sang zawk a ni tih an hmuchhuak bawk (Vanlalfakawma, 2018); China mau ṭha nia an sawi ṭhin, Moso mau (Phyllostachys  edulis) ai pawhin a sang zawk nghe nghe.

Mizo Kristian te tan sakhaw dang biakna hmanrua, agarbati stick lo phurpui viau pawh hi a fuh zan em?

Mizorama bamboo vinegar siamtu langsar tak, Pu Saikhuma (SK Bamboo) chuan Mizoram tualṭo ngei a hman duh zawk thu leh vinegar a chhuah tam ber thu a sawi. Thawkkhat lai khan Agarbati stick siamna tur changchawiin mau chi thar, ram dang aţangin kan lalut chiam mai bawka. A ti nasa ṭhenkhat te kan kawm kualnaah chuan Mizoram mau hi a pan avangin a chhuak tlem deuh nain a khawng zawka, an duh zawk mah niin an sawi. Chumi piah lamah, Mizo Kristian te tan sakhaw dang biakna hmanrua, agarbati stick lo phurpui viau pawh hi a fuh zan em? Ngaihtuah tham tak a ni.

Rawtuai – mautuai leh a kaihhnawih

Rawtuai leh mautuai hi Mizo te hian kan ei nasa hle mai a, keini ang bawkin khawvela hnam hrang hrang te pawh hian an lo ei nasa ve tho mai bawk. Rawtuai khawrh hi a pawi em? Khap tur a ni em? Tih zawhna hi a ri a ring hle ṭhin, tun thleng pawha la chhan mumalloh niin a lang. Mizoram tan bika felfai taka zirbinga thultukna leh rawtna mumal tak hi a la awmlo niin a lang bawk. Rinthu leh thu puarpawlenga inhnial ai chuan a taka zirchian mai hi a fuhin a rinawm.

Rawtuai khawrh leh khawrhloh tluk zeta pawimawh chu mau pum sah leh sah loh hi a ni. Rawtuai khawrh dan chungchanga kaihhruaina kan neilo ang bawkin mau sah dan chungchangah pawh kaihhruaina mumal kan neilo niin a lang. A bik takin mau pum kan sahin a upat dan kan ngaipawimawh lemlo niin a lang. MZU-in kum 2014 leh 15-a an zirchiannaah Aizawl veng hrang hranga mau pum zuarho zawrhlai a enfiaha, heng zinga a tam zawk hi tuai tê tê, kum hmasa tuai emaw, kum 2 la tlingo emaw a ni fur tih hmuhchhuah a ni (Lalremsang et. al. 2017). Kum 3 tal a tlin hmaa sah hian mau ṭhang zel tur a ti ṭhuanawp hle a, a hung pawhin a tuar thei hle a ngaih a ni (Salam & Deka, 2007). Mau pum kan sah nasat lutuk chuan rawtuai insiam tur a tibuai pha tih hi khawvel ram danga zirmite hmuhchhuah a ni. Chutih rual chuan sah ngailoh leh a tuai khawrh ngailohnaah chuan a hung a tawta, a zungpui insiama ṭhang zel tur a ti ṭhuanawp thei thung (Salam & Deka, 2007).

Mizoram mau, Langkaih lui kaltlanga phai lama an tawlh… Pic. Courtesy: Ap-a

World Bamboo Day

Kum 2009-a Bangkok-a World Bamboo Congress vawi 8-na chuan September 18 hi World Bamboo Day (WBD) atan a puang a, hemi a chinah kumtin thupui bik neiin hman ṭhin a ni ta a ni. Kumin World Bamboo Day thupui atan World Bamboo Organization chuan “Sustainability = Environment + Society + Economy” a thlang a, mau hmanga hmasawnna ṭhang dik neih theih dan tur, environment tana pawi silo, mipui te tana hmasawnna ni si, ram economy tana ṭhanna thlen thei tur si chungchang a ni ber awm e.

Image courtesy: http://worldbamboo.net/world-bamboo-day

Khawvel ram hrang hranga zirmite chuan mau hmanga eizawng te dinhmun nasa takin an zira, mau hmanga sum leh pai dehchhuah dan ṭha zawk tur an duang chho mek zel a, a awmsa tihpun kawngah ṭan an la nasa hle. Pi-Pu hunlai aṭanga an lo hman dan hnualsuat lovin, a ti hmasawn zawng leh hralh tlak lehzual turin an cheihnum a, a tlo leh zual theih nan a vawnṭhat dan te pawh an ngaihtuah nasa hle bawk. Tin, tarlan tawh angin khawvela thlai zinga ṭhang chak ber a nih miau avangin mau hian environment siam ṭhat kawngah a thawhhlawk hle tih hi hmuhchhuah zel a ni bawk.

Mizorama Bamboo Indutry hlun ber chuan Bamboo matply leh a kaihhnawih siam nan Mautak leh Rawnal an duh ber tlat!

Mizo society leh culture-a bet nghet tak, kan rama mau te hi tun aia hman ṭangkai dan leh hlawk zawk kan ngaihtuah a ṭul a, chu chu kan bat pawh a ni. Ramdanga an tih tawh ang tih ve a, an mau ang chawk luh chiam ai chuan kan ram mau ṭhat bikna ngaihtuah chunga hlawk leh ṭangkai thei ang ber tura kan ram mau te kan hman hi kan mawhphurhna a ni. Chumi rual chiah chuan a sah hun leh khawrh dan te, enkawl dan ṭha zawk te pawh nasa leh zuala kan inzirtir a pawimawh hle bawk. Mau kaltlanga malsawmna kan dawn mêk hi kan dawn chhunzawm zel theih nana malsawmna inthup hi hailang zel turin kan puanven i sawichhing sauh sauh ang u khai.


[1]State of Forest Report (SFR) 2011 hi kum 2009 – 2010 chhunga zirchianna, kum 2011-a tichhuah a ni a, chutiang zelin SFR 2017 hi kum 2015 – 2016 chhunga zirchianna kum 2017-a tihchhuah a ni bawk.


Thulakna te:

 David C. Vanlalfakawma, F. Lalnunmawia, and S.K. Tripathi (2018). Bamboo Ecosystem: An Untapped carbon trading resources. In: Climate Change and Developing Countries (Ed. Banshaikupar Lyngdoh Mawlong). Cambridge Scholars Publishing, UK. Pp. 222 – 236. ISBN (10):1-5715-1174-X; ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-1174-3

David C. Vanlalfakawma, F. Lalnunmawia, S.K. Sen, and S.K. Tripathi, (2017). Sporadic flowering of Bambusa tulda in Mizoram: A preliminary report. Sci Vis. 17(3):160 – 162.

Environment & Forest (2010). Bamboos of Mizoram. Environment and Forest Department. Government of Mizoram, Aizawl. Pp. 1 – 206

Lalduhsanga Pachuau, C. Malsawmtluangi, Nirmal Kumar Nath, H. Ramdinsangi, David C. Vanlalfakawma, Shri Kant Tripathi (2013). Physicochemical and functional characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from bamboo (Dendrocalamus longispathus). International Journal of PharmTech Research 5 (4):1561-1571

Lalduhsanga Pachuau, David C. Vanlalfakawma, Shri Kant Tripathi, H. Lalhlenmawia (2014) Muli bamboo (Melocanna baccifera) as a new source of microcrystalline cellulose. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 4 (11):087-094

H.B. Naithani (2009). Bambusa mizorameana, a New Species of Bamboo from Mizoram, India. Indian Forester  135(9): 1291 – 1292.

H.B. Naithani, S. S. Garbyal, N. S. Bisht (2010). Bambusa dampaeana – a New Species of Bamboo from Mizoram, India. Indian Forester 136 (7): 991 – 992.

Paul Lalremsang, David C. Vanlalfakawma and S.K. Tripathi (2017). Socio-Economic Potential and marketing trend of Bamboo in Mizoram: A case study from Aizawl District. Indian Forester 143(9):737 – 744.

Salam, K. and Deka, N.K.R. (2007). In: Kalita, S.N. (ed.) Training manual on Nursery raising, commercial Plantation, preservation and primary processing of bamboo). Cane and Bamboo Technology Centre Bamboo Technical Support Group for National Bamboo Mission, Guwahati – 781 024, Assam, India

SFR (2017). India State of Forest Report 2017. Forest Survey of India, GoI, Dehradun


[Vanglaini Vol. XXXIII No. 221 September 19, 2018-ah tihchhuah a ni]

Khawpui Țhang dik leh ramngaw

March 21 hi “International Day of Forest,” World Forestry Day tia an sawi bawk, ramngaw hlutna leh pawimawhna inzirtir tharna ni atan United Nations General Assembly-in a puang a, kum 2012 ațang khan kumtin hman țhin a ni. He ni pawimawh tak hi thupui bik neia hman țhin a ni a. Heng thupui te hi Collaborative Partnership on Forests (ram hrang hranga ramngaw humhalh kawnga thawkho pawl) ten an thlang țhin a; kumin thupui atan “Khawpui țhang dik leh ramngaw” (Forests and Sustainable Cities) tih chu thlan a ni. World Forestry Day atana March 21 thlan a nih kher chhan hi chhun leh zan rei zawng a inchen ni, “spring equinox” a nih vang a ni bawk.

Ramngaw leh Mizote

Mizo te leh ramngaw hi kan inngheng renga, tun thleng pawhin ramngaw leh a hausakna hmanga eizawng kan la țhahnem hle a. Ramngaw kan humhalh vanga Sap Kristianho au eih kan ni a (Zairema, 1978), chu kan humhalh chin vêk, Bristish Sawrkar-in kan kuta a dah (Inner line Forest Reserve) chu tun hnaia ramri-a kan buai thar lehna lai chu a ni bawk. Ei leh bar zawnna kawngah, khawtlang nunphung leh sukthlek leh hnam nun thlengin ramngaw hian nasa takin mi a nghawng a ni.

Mizorama cheng tam zawk te eizawnna hmun chu ramhnuai a ni

Țhangtharten ramngaw enkawl dan kan thiamloh a leiah kan ramngaw te nasa takin kan chana, kan ti rirala, mimal ram a tam tial tiala, ngaw a chereu tial tiala, loneitu ten loa an neih tur vantlang ram a zim tial tial thung. Mi rethei zawk te tan ei hmuh vena kawng a harsa tial tiala, thlawhhma siam thei te pawh a ngaia an kual zin avangin ram a leng rei theilova, ram a tuilo tial tiala, thlai an thar țha lo tial tial bawk. Ram insem zai dan rual tawkloh avangin ram neilo an tam tial tiala, vantlang ram a tlem tial tial bawk avangin Revenue Minister, Pu R Romawia chuan mangang takin “Zamindari System kan hlatlo…” tiin a lo sawichhuak hial a nih kha (Vanglaini, 23.01.2014).

Țhangthar leh zual teah ramngaw hlutna a thang chho leh mek thung. A zirna hmunpui kan neih chinah phei chuan nasa takin ramngaw humhalh kawngah kan harh thar leh a, tlawmngai pawl hrang hrang ten beih takzeta an beih ațang phei chuan India rama ramngaw nei zau ber te pawh kan ni leh ta hial a ni. Chutih rual chuan ngaw dur (126 Km²) erawh a nei tlem  zinga mi kan ni thung lawia (ISFR, 2017).

Ramngaw enkawl dan (Forestry) leh Mizoram

Forestry subject zirna hi NEHU-Mizoram Campus-ah 1990 khan din țan a ni a, zir tur te duangfela, zirtirtu te an lakkhawm hnua zirtirna an kalpui țan tak chu kum 1997-ah a ni. Mizoram Univeristy a lo din hnu pawhin Forestry zirna hi chhunzawm zel a ni a, tun thlengin MSc ațanga PhD thleng zirna kalpui a ni a, Mizoram mai bakah India ram hmun hrang hranga ațangin zirlai an fuankhawm țhin.

MSc atanga PhD (Forestry) Programme hi MZU-ah kalpui mek a ni

Ramngaw enkawl lam zirna kawng hrang hrang leh zirbingna chi hrang hranga khawvel hmahruaitu nih a, ramngaw leh nungcha tinreng humhalh chunga retheihna umbo kawnga ram tana thawk tur mithiam chherchhuah hi MZU Forestry Department hmathlir duhawm tak chu a ni a. Chumi tihlawhtling tur chuan nasa takin kawng hrang hrangin hma a la mek a ni.

Sorkar laipui pawhin Forestry zirna hi a ngaipawimawh hle maia, Under Graduate lamah chuan ICAR hnuaiah awmin BSc (Forestry) hi kum 4 zir a ni a, MSc programme erawh UGC hnuaiah awmin kum 2 zir a ni thung. BSc zirna hi Mizoramah kan la neilova, sawitawh angin MSc zirna erawh MZU-ah kan nei thung. Tin, India sorkar hian heng, Forestry lama thiamna nei te hlutzia hi hriain State leh Indian Forest Service lamah te pawh duhsak bik an nih tur thu chiang takin a ziak bawk (National Forest Policy 1988: 4.11). Ziaka a duhsak ang ai erawh chuan State leh Central Sorkar hian a bik takin a duhsak bik chuanglo niin a lang. Mizoram Forest Deparment lamin thawk tur chi hrang hrang a lakah pawh hian duhsak bikna chu sawiloh, dil thei zinga an telh miahloh țum a tam ta mai.  National Forest Policy hi ennawna siamțhat mêk a ni a, tuna an duan chhinah chuan ‘forestry lama zirthiamna nei te duhsak bikna’ lam hi a chuang ta rih lo thung. Zawm loh pui policy-a dah reng țul an ti lo a ni mahna!

National Forest Policy 1988: 4.11

Khawpui leh ramngaw

Ramngaw hlutna hrang hrang an sawi zinga sawi lan hlawh vaklo chu ramngawin khawvel tilumtu carbon a upbo nasat thu hi a ni awm e. Tunhnaiah Bhutan ramin ramngaw a humhalh nasat thu leh carbon negative ram an nih thu a thang nasa hle a. A awmzia tawitein tarlang ila, “Bhutan ramin lirthei, industry leh mihring chet velna hrang hrang hmanga carbon an tihchhuah aiin an ramngawin carbon a eia, a upbo a tam tihna a ni,” chumiin chiang taka a kawh chu ramngaw an nei țha hle tihna a ni.

Some part of Siaha Town. A view from Tourist Lodge, Siaha

Ramngaw chereu chakna chhan liantak chu mihring chetvelna chi hrang hrang te hi a ni a. Heng hmasawnna ruhrel nia an sawi țhin tam tak – khawpui tih zauh nana In leh lo din a, ramngaw țhiah te, khawpuia mi te mamawh tur siamna leh tharchhuahna tur hmun hrang hrang din nana ramngaw tih danglam te hi a zualkai ber nisi, an puh phal siloh a ni (Ramakrishnan, 2012).

Mihring kan pun zel avangin chenna kan mamawh belh zela, eitur kan mamawh belh zel bawka; In kan sa lo theiloa, thlawhhma kan zauh lo theilo. Hei vang hian thlawhhma kan siamna leh In leh lo kan dinnaa ramngaw kan tihchhiat ai hi kan chenna, kan khaw chhehvel leh khawchhung thlengin a remchang laiah thing hmun kan siam a pawimawh a, chutiang tih theihna hmun pawh chu kan zuah a pawimawh hle a ni.

Hring ve dup mahse thingkung emaw a ni si lo. Hringlo tawp ai chuan a tha reng reng e!

Khawpuia thing hmun

United Nations-in kumin World Forestry day puala a thuchah, khawpuia thinghmun thatna leh țangkaina a sawite tawite lo tarlang ila:

  • Ramngaw leh thing te hian boruak tilumtu nasa taka a thuhnuai avangin khawvel sik leh sa danglam zel tur pawh a veng thei.
  • Thing leh mau te hian sik leh sa vawnhim kawngah nasa takin hna a thawka, boruak tih daih nana kan power mamawh zaa 20 – 50 zetin a tihniam thei.
  • Awmze nei taka khawpui leh a chhehvela thingphun hian 8°C zetin boruak a ti dai thei a, air conditioner mamawhna pawh zaa 30 zetin a hniam phah thei.
  • Khawchhunga thing te hi boruak thlifimtu țha tak a ni a, boruak chhia leh bawlhhlawh lengvel a thlifim thei.
  • Khawchhung leh a chhehvela ramngaw hi tuihna vawnhimna țha tak a ni a, leimin tur venna a ni bawk.
  • Thingkung leh mau te hian ri bengchheng lakah nasa takin mi a vawng him thei.
  • Khawtual mite tan a rah, a pil leh a hnahte țangkai taka hman theih a ni.
  • Khawpuia thing hmun awm hian nungcha dang tan chenna a siam sakin humhalhna hmun țha tak a ni.
  • Khawchhunga ngaw leh thinghmun awm hi khaw cheina țha tak a ni a, khualzin hipna hmun țha tak a nih bawk avangin mi tam takin eizawnna an neih phah tawh a ni.
  • Khawpui chhunga thing leh mau, ngaw leh phul hmun awm te hian nunphung hrisel leh rilru hrisel nei thei turin mi a ti phura, chu chuan nasa takin hriselna kawngah mi a pui bawk.

Tlipna

Ramngaw humhalh leh enkawl kawnga țhangharh thar leh mêk, Mizo te hian kan ramngaw hlutzia kan hriat thar leh a pawimawh khawp mai. Kan rohlu kan ramngaw te tichhetu chu huai taka kan do ngam a ngai. Ramngaw humhalh vanga Chanchin țha dawng, ramngaw humhalh avanga ‘mi lu la hnam’ tia hriat hlawh kan ni tih i hre thar leh ang u. Kan tihchhiat palh te siamțha turin țan kan lak a ngai.

  1. Rimawi ram, herhse leh ngiau par rim lenna rama siam leh turin, hawh u, thingkung awmsa humhalh ila, awmze neiin, mahni ram thing ngei, kan hip țhan boruak pe chhuak thei ngei, ram dang thing nilo phun bawk ila, enkawl puitling bawk ila. Kan khawpui te hi chenna tlaka hmun hring nuam zawkah, khawpui hlim leh hrisel zawkah i siam ang u.

 

Reference:

ISFR, 2017. India State of Forest Report 2017. Forest Survey of India (Ministry of Environment & Forests). www.fsi.nic.in

Ramakrishnan, P.S. 2012. Hill agriculture: vulnerability and management options. National Workshop on Green Revolution in Mizoram. AMFU

Zairema, 1978. God’s Miracles in Mizoram: a glimpse of Christian work among head-hunters (In: Lehkhabu te Pasarih. Ed: Revd Chuauthuama). Zorun Community, Zarkawt, Aizawl.

http://www.fao.org/international-day-of-forests/en/

https://www.vanglaini.org/tualchhung/archive/2014-01-23

[Published on Vanglaini Mizo daily Vol – XXXIII No. 67 Wednesday 21.03.2018]

Environment Humhalh

  1. Environment chu engnge?

Environment chungchang te, a chhiat tawh dan leh a humhalh dan kawng hrang hrang te kan hre chamchi a, mahni phak tawk theuhah, a humhalhna kawngah pawh hma kan sawn tlang viau tawh a, a lawmawm tak zet a ni. Environment han tih hian Mizo tawng chuan “Kan chhehvel thil” tiin kan sawi mai thina, a dik thawkhat viau a, amaherawhchu Environment-ah hian keimahni, mihring te leh nungcha dang te pawh hi kan tel ve a ni tih kan hriat nawn a tha. Zirmite chuan Environment hi hlawm lian tak pahnih – Biotic (nunna nei) leh Abiotic (thil nunglo) Environment-ah te an la thendarh leh chhawnga. Tun tumah hi chuan Bio-Physical Environment (Nunna nei te leh an chenna chhehvel) hi kan sawi ber tur a ni ang.

  • Environment awmzia:

Environment hian a huamzau hle a, science lam te, mihring nunhona leh thanlenna lam hawi zawng te, leh thilnung chi hrang hrang te inlaichinna lam hawi zawng te pawhin a sawi theih ang. Ecological Environment-in a kawh ber ni a lang chu thilnung chi hrang hrang te leh anmahni nghawngtu, an chhehvela thildang awm te hi a ni. Heng anmahni nghawngtu zingah hian thilnung, nunna nei leh thilnunglo, nunna neilo te a huam. A tawi thei ang bera sawi dawn chuan “Thilnung leh anmahni nghawngtu thil chi hrang hrang te” tiin sawi ila a pawm a hahdam mai awm e.

  • Humhalh a ngaih chhan:

Pathianin nunna a duan dan hi a mak a, thilsiam engpawh mai hi mahnia nunga awm thei engmah an awm lova, inmamawh leh inpeng tawn theuh kan ni. Pathianin min siam dan phung anga kan nun chuan buaina leh harsatna a thleng lem lo; mahse, duhamnaa khat mihring te avang hian chu khuarel kalphung pangngai chu tihdanglam (manipulate) a ni fo a, chu chuan he leia thilnung leh thilnung lo te inlaichinna chu nasa takin a tibuai ta a ni.

  1. Environment tibuaitu te:

Environment hi thil chi hrang hrang inzawm khawm a nih avangin awlsam tea chhe maithei, der dep ru tak a ni a. Chhan hrang hrang avanga danglam dawrh thei a ni.

2.1 Khuarel chhiatna

Zirmiten an zir danah chuan khawvelah hian khuarel kalphung pangngai avangin chhiatna chi hrang hrang a lo tleng tawh thina. Arsi tla avanga a tlakna hmun danglam dawrh dan te, leimin leh tui lian avang te, lirnghing leh thlipui avang te, tlang kang avang tea khawvel danglam theih dan chu sawi ngai lovin kan hre theuh awm e. Heng khuarel thil te hi chu a thawhdan a muan (a intham chhung a rei) avang leh hunbi fel tak neia thleng a nih tlangpui avangin thilnung tinreng te pawh engtikah emaw tawk thut thei tura hriatna mak tak mai Pathianin min pe a, kan insiamrem thei thin; chutiang tih theihna chu adaptation an ti.

2.2 Mihring te avangin

Environment tibuaia, harsatna siam nasa bertu chu mihring te hi kan ni awm e. Kan nawm kan makah khuarel kalphung bawhchhe thak khawpin thlai thar rang leh thar hlawk kan buaipuia; rah tha tak chhuah se kan duh avangin leilunga thlai chawmtu leitha Pathianin a dah sa chu duhkhawp lovin leitha dangin kan vura, thirdawt hmangin luitui kan la penga.  Development changchawiin kan awlsam dan tur ngawt kan ngaihtuaha, lirthei leh veivahna tur hmanraw chi hrang hrang kan siam chhuaka, chung thil te avang chuan he khawvel hi a lo lum tawlh tawlha, tui thianghlim in tur a vang telh telha, lei a da telh telh bawka. Lei kan laia, in lian pui pui kan saa, tuihawk luankawr kan ti danglama, lui a mi tiau kan laa, sarang leh plastic hmanga siam bungrua kan uar telh telh bawka. Kan hnawmhnawk kan paih duhdaha, paihna pangngaia paih pawhin a sawngbawlna kan nei tha leh silova, hnawmhnawk awmna kan sawn chu a ni ber e. Ei zawh mai sen loh thlai kan thar avangin a vawnthatna kan siam a ngai leha, chu chuan a leh a lingin environment a tibuai leh a. Mihring ten khawvel kan tichhe mek a, a tawp khawkah chuan keimahni bawk hi a buai berah kan tang leh ta a ni.

  1. Environment buaiin a nghawng theih te

Environment hi kan chhehvela nunna nei leh neilo, kan dam khawchhuahna atana min nghawng tute tiin tawngkam dangin a sawi theih ang. Hetiang tak a nih avang hian environment a buai miau chuan kan dam khawchhuah dan tur hi a buai tihna chu a ni ber awm e. A nghawng theih zawng zawng chu kan hre seng hauh loa, a sawi lah kan sawi seng hek lovang, ni tinin a nghawng chi dang hi a lo lang chho zel a ni.

3.1 Climate change

Climate change tih tawngkam hi tunlaia tawngkam lar tak a ni a, US President, Donald Trump-an a ngaihthah tlat avanga khawvelin a dem zia pawh kan hre theuh awm e. Mizo tawng chuan sik leh sa danglam tiin a hrilhfiah theih mai awm e. A duhtui deuh chuan Climate change tih ringawt hi an duhtawk lova, abrupt climate change ti tein an sawi deuh kher thin.

Sik leh sa danglam nasa hian environment-ah nghawng nasa takin a neia, chu mai piah lamah ram inrelbawlna thlengin nghawng a nei nasa dawn hle niin zir mite chuan an sawi. Khawchin mumallo – khawlum tawlh tawlh, thlasik vin tak, nipui – tawrh harsa khawpa lum, ruah baw hawk tam tawlh tawlh, kum tluana ruahtui insemruallo, khawkheng adt. hi sik leh sa danglamin a nghawng langsar chu a ni. Heng avang hian natna hrik kan hriat ngailoh a lo puang chho mêk a, ram luma awm chauhin an vei thin kha Zo tlangsanga awm te pawhin kan lo vei ve ta zel bawk.

3.2 Ecological balance buai

Ecosystem a in-balance lo,” “Ecological balance a buai” tih te hi Mizo tena tawngkam kan hman uar tak a ni chho ta zel a. Ecosystem chu leia thilnung tinreng te leh thilnung lo te nunho, chenho dan leh an inlaichin dan a ni a; Ecology chu thilnung leh thilnung lo te inlaichin dan chungchang zirna a ni. Mizo thufing chuan “Lungpui pawh lungtein a kamki loh chuan a awm theilo” tih kan hmu a, he tawngkam tluka ecosystem sawifiahna hi a awm awm lo ve. Thil nung tinreng te leh nunna neilo te hi kan inmamawh dan a inanglo hret hreta, kan mamawh loh kha engin emaw a mamawh. a mamawhtu kha eng atan emaw kan mamawh ve leh thin; chutiang taka he khawvela Pathian thilsiam te hi inmamawh tawn kan ni. Ecological balance chungchang entirna pakhat chu rul chungchangah hian a ni awm e:

Mizo te hian rul hi kan haw hle maia, Eden huan nena kan sawi zawm tawh phei chuan rul zawng zawng hi kan hmu setana vek mai thin. Tunhnaia Mizorama rul chuk vanga thihna leh hliam tuar tam zawk hi Ecological balance buai vang niin a lang. Rulngan hi rul dang eitu langsar tak a ni a, Mizorama rulchuk tamzawk hi rulngan chuk nilovin ruldang (khuavang rul – Black Krait, Rultuha etc) chuk a ni a. Rul tur nei dang eitu tur, rulngan a tlem avangin rul chuk hi a tam ta sawt ni berin a lang. Chutiang zelin rul population vawngthatu ber chu rulngan a ni. Khuarel kalphungah hian top predator (a eitu lian ber) hi an tlem ber thin a, hnawksak tham khawp rulngan hi an awm a rinawm loh. Chutiang zelin thilnung pakhat a tlem/awm tak loh avang hian kan rin phak bakin nghawng a nei pawi thei a ni.

Pathianin khawvel kalphung a duan danah hian inei tawna, inchawm tawn tur kan ni a; eitu lian ber pawh a thih meuh chuan sulrul leh lei hrik ten an eirala, chu chu hnim leh thlai te chawmtu a lo ni ve leh tho thin, chutiang taka inmamawh tawn chu kan ni. Sik leh sa danglam nasa tuar chhuak ve theilo thilnung, thilsiam dangte laka nghawng nei lian si an awm; chu harsatna chu kan hmachhawn chho tan mek a ni.

  1. Engtia hmuhalh tur nge?

Duhâm loh hi a hnukhnai ber a ni a, zawh harsa ber a ni thung awm e. Environment pawimawh zia sawiin Prof. Guy McPherson chuan, “Environment aia sum leh pai a pawimawh zawka i hriat chuan thaw lovin i pawisa kha han chhiar chhin teh” a ti a. Kan dam khawchhuah nana pawimawh leh tul hmasa zawk aia sum leh pai kan ngaihpawimawh hmasak zawk hi chuan kan khawvel hian a chhiat belh zel dawn a ni.

Environment humhalh nana inzirtirna lar tak chu “three R” an tih mai – Reduce, Reuse leh Recycle te hi a ni a, heng bakah hian thalai ten kan tih theih tam tak a awm awm e.

4.1 Mamawh tih tlem (Reduce):

Kan mamawh tih tlem leh ningnawi tih tlem hi environment humhalhna tha taka ni. Kan mamawh siamchhuahnan hian tha leh tui, natural resource tam tak hman ral thin a ni a, ningnawi kan ngah hian a lo thlawnin kan natural resource te kan khawhral tihna a ni bawk. Chu chuan environment-ah a pawi zawngin nghawng a nei nasa hle a ni.

4.2 Hman nawn (Reuse):

Hman hnu hman nawn theih thil kan hman nawn hram hram hi a pawimawh hle. A bik takin tawihral mai theilo thil – sarang leh plastic te phei chu hman nawn a theih chhung hman nawn a tha.

4.3 Tuai thar (Recycle):

Kan hmanrua leh bungraw neih tam tak hi tuai thara, siam rema, her rem theih thil a ni a, chutiang thildanga siam theih emaw, her rem theih emaw, tuai thar theih emaw chu kan tuai thar zel a pawimawh hle. Motor ke (tyre) chhia hmangin bal-tin te, pangpar khawina leh hrui te an siama, eizawn nan hial te an hmang a. KTP te pawhin sumtuaknan lehkhachhia te kan khawna, kan hralha, lehkhapuanah bawk an lo tuai thar leh a, chutiang zelin tuai thara siam rem theih loh hi tlem te chauh a ni.

4.4 Lakchhuah (Recover):

Environment humhalhna chungchangah hian 3R hi nasa taka sawi thin a ni a, tunhnaiah hian “R” palina “Recover” hi inzirtir chhoh leh mêk a ni bawk. Hnawmhnawk kan neih hrang hrang te zinga mi, hman tlem theih ngawt si loh, hmannawn theih bawk si loh leh tuai thar theih chuang si loh te tangkai zawka hman theih dan kawng a ni ber awm e. Heng hnawm kan neih hoah hian chakna (energy) lakchhuah theihna atanga lakchhuah (eg. Bio-gas) dan kawng hi dapa, hmalak theih a ni.

4.5 Chin dawklak kan inenfiahna tur te:

Ramdang thlai leh ran (pet), exotic variety kan lalut nasa hian kan rama tualto leh awm sa te nasa takin a nghawng bawk. Hei hi a pawi theih zia kan ngiahtuah vak lo hlawm niin a lang. Kan than harh a hun viau a ni. Hnamdang kan huata, kan ngaihmawh teh lul nen hian ramdang thlai leh ran te erawh kan ngaisang viau lawia. Kan rama thlai leh ran te hian an haw ve ngawtin a rinawm!

Bawlhhlawh paih leh sawngbawl dan hi hma kan sawnna tur pawimawh tak a ni. Khawlaia leh kawrkama bawlhlawh paih mai mai te, hawina lam apianga kuhva funna leh cigarette kawr leh zial bung thehthlak te, lirthei atanga thil eina ningnawi theh thlak mai mai te hi kan sim a hun hle.

Kohhran, KTP leh chianti-thatni-a kan leklam tak, Thermocole kan tih mai “Styrofoamdisposable item kan hman dan chungchangah hian kan fimkhura, kan uar loh tial tial a tul viau bawk. Styrofoam te hi a tawih ral ve theiloa, a zan em avangin thliin a chhem leng nasa a, a hnawksak leh zual; sarang leh plastic te tluk zetin a hnawksak chho tan niin a lang.

4.6 Ramngaw humhalh

Environment enkawlna kawnga englai pawha pawimawh reng, a ki pui chu ramngaw humhalh hi a ni. Ramngaw ti riraltuah hian loneitu te chauh hi kan puh fo thina, ngaihtuahna thar kan sen a tul viau. Ram hmasawnna in a hrin, kawngpui tha te, hmasawnna ruh rel building lian leh khir pui pui te, factory tena ramngaw an tihchereu nasat zia te, Insakna hmanrua leh Inchhung mamawh siam nana ngaw kan thiah nasat zia hian sawi a hlawh lo fo thin. Ramngaw chereu loh theih dana ei kan zawn thiam a pawimawh. Thing phun leh enkawl puitlin hi kan tih tur pawimawh tak a ni.

Tlipna

Pathianin he lei hi mihringte chenna tlak turin ni 6 chhung a buatsaih lawk a. Chumi niruk chhung chuan mihring te mamawh tur a dah kim vek a ni tih Gen 1 & 2-ah te kan hmu a. Chutiang taka uluka Pathianin a duan kan enkawl dan leh kan hman dan erawhin ngaihtuah a ti thui tak zet a ni. Hnam mawl apiangin Pathian kutchhuak te an ngaihluin an zaha, hnam fing leh hmasawn inti apiangin an duh danin an chinglet vel niin a lang. Sam ziaktu chuan “Ramhnuaia sa tinreng hi ka ta asin, Tlang tina cheng ramsate pawh ka ta a ni. Tlanga sava tinrengte pawh ka hria a, Thil nung zawng zawng pawh ka ta a ni” (Sam 50:10 & 11) a ti a. Pathian thilsiam zinga chungnungber, mihring te hian Pathian ta kan enkawl a ni tih inhre thar leh ila, a siamtu leh a dintu zahna nen kan environment hi i enkawl ang u.

Sawiho tur te:

  1. Environment humhalh kawngah engtin nge KTP ten hma kan lak ang?
  2. Thilsiam tinreng te hi inmamawh tawna inpeng tawn theuh kan ni tih hi kan pawm em? (Pawm/pawm loh chhan sawi ni se)
  3. Thilsiam dangte laka kan mawhphurhna hi hlen tha tawkin kan inhria em?

 

[For Maubawk Bial KTP – 30.07.2017]

Green Mizoram

Mizorama ramgaw siam thar lehna tura hmalakna lianber Green Mizoram hi programme tangkai tak leh hlu tak a ni a, kum 10 zet kan lo hmang ta, a hlawhtlinna lo lang chho zel se a duhawm hle mai. Kuminah pawh Sorkarin he hun hi hmang leh turin ruahmanna a siama, hlawhtling taka kan hman ngei theihna turin i tang sauh sauh teh ang u. Kum 1998 khan ‘Green Aizawl’ tiin Mizoram Sorkar remhriatnain thingphun beihpui thlak a lo ni tawh a, chumi dung zui chuan huam zau zawk, ram pum tuam chhuak turin ‘Green Mizoram’ tiin kum 1999 atang khan hman tan a ni ta a ni.

State Level Committee on Green Mizoram-a Chairman hmasaber chu khatih hunlaia Chief Minister Pu Zoramthanga a ni a, tlawmngai pawl hrang hrang aiawh te leh Sorkar lam aiawh te nen mi 19 lai member an awm a, meeting hmasaber hi May 25, 1999-ah an nei a, he meeting-ah hian Sub-Committee on Green Mizoram din lehin, he sub-Committee hian Green Mizoram kal zel dan tur a duang chho ta a ni. Hemi kum atang hi chuan kum tin Green Mizoram Programme hi hman chhunzawm a ni ta zel a, June thla remchang-ah Green Mizoram Day puangin thingphun beihpui thlak thin a ni.

2 years old Chukrasia spp plantation

Mizoram Sorkarin Green Aizawl leh Green Mizoram a duan chhuah hma pawh hian Central Sorkar thupek angin kum 1952 atang khan thingphun kutpui ‘VANAMAHOTSAVA’ chu hman thin a ni a, India ram State dangte ang bawkin Mizoramah pawh hman thin a ni. Green Mizoram-in a tum ber chu kawngkam, Sorkar leh mimal hmunah te leh hmun remchang lai apianga thingphuna Mizoram hi Buannel rama siam leh a ni a (Green Mizoram 2005 Information Brochure, published by E&F Dept. Gov’t of Mizoram), hemi tih hlawhtlin a nih theih nan hian kumtinin thing tiak, a sing tela phun thin a ni.

Kum 1998 atanga kum tina thing tiak phun zat lo en ila:

 

Year Thingtiak phun zat Remark
1998 94,063 Observed as Green Aizawl
1999 1,50,739
2000 1,51,661
2001 2,52,594
2002 3,000 Data insufficient
2003 34,753
2004 2,50,672
2005 1,42,380
2006 1,87,229
2007 1,61,414
2008 1,58,673

 

Green Aizawl tia tan a nih atanga kum 2008 thlenga thing tiak phun zat chu 1,587,178 a ni a (Forest Division hrang hrang ten thingtiak an sem chhuah zat a ni mah mah! Division thenkhat ten Office pui lamah report an pek muan deuh thin avangin data a kim tak tak theilo bawk), kum 2007 bikah hian thing tiak phun belh vak aiin phun tawh sa thawm \hat hna thawh a ni. Hetia a lan mai dan chuan kum 1998 atang khan Mizoramah hian kum tin thing sing chuang fe phun ziah a ni a, thangkhat lian a liam leh meuh chuan Mizoram kawngpui dung chu ngaw khup tawh tura ngaih a ni.

Beiseina sang tak nei chungin Sorkarin sum tam tak sengin thingphun beihpui a thlaka, chu beihpuiah chuan mipui te pawh kan telve theihna turin ruahmanna a siama, sorkar department hrang hrang te pawh thing an phunna tur hmun bik te a ruahman sak thin. Thing tiak phun tur buaipui ringawt pawh hi thil hau tak tak a ni a, chutiang bawkin a phun pawh hi thil namailo tak a ni. Chung zawng zang aia hautak leh pawimawh zawk chu a enkawl zui hi a ni. Green Mizoram Programme hnuaia thing kan phun tam zawk hian enkawl zui a hlawh vak lo niin a langa, hemi lam kawngah hian tan lak thar a ngai hle a. Kum 1998-’99 chho vela thing kan phun te hi lo thang lian chho ta zel nise chuan an tuai fur tawhin a rinawm, hetiang hmuh tur erawh hi chu a la vang rih hle thung. Kum 2008 thlenga thingtiak nuai chuang kan phun tawh te hi engnge a dinhmun tih enfiaha enkawl chhoh ni thei sela kum thum kum li chhung vel chu phun belh rih tawh loa, phun sa enkawl puitling turin hma la ta ila, chuan Green Mizoram hlawhtlinna rah hi kan hmu hma zualin a rinawm. Sorkarin ruahmanna thar siam thei se a duhawm tak zet a ni.

Green Mizoram Programme-a thing phunna hmun hrim hrim pawh hi kan uluk zual deuh a tha hle bawk. Kawngkam hnai lutuka thingphun te hi lo nung chhoin lo thanglian chho ta se chuan, kawngpui ti chêptu a ni thei hial ang, amaherawhchu kawngpui an siam laia foundation-a an hman lung chang tak tak te tawn tlang zo khawpa thing zung chak/chang tha kan la phun fuh loh avang erawh chuan hetiang hi a thleng lo turah ngai ila. A puitlina a than len theihna ngei tur hmuna phun hi a tha ber mai! Khawpui leh a chhehvela ngaw siam hi ‘Urban Forestry’ an ti a, mithiam te chuan uluk taka duangin thingphun tur bik leh phun dan tur kalhmang fel takin an ruahman thin; khawpui chhungah phei chuan thing zar buk (Large crown) chi ai chuan thing zar buk tê (small/medium crown) chi te hi phun theih nise, chu chu nakin zela khawpui than chhoh nan pawh a that zawk thu an sawi uar hle thin. Tin, a rah rannung tena a tlan theih chi ni thei bawk se, thing enkawl awlsam leh thang chak, kawng chi hrang hranga hman theih ‘Multipurpose Tree’ te hi an thlang deuh kher thin.

Kuminah pawh hian Sorkar chuan Lammual velah thing tiak 20000 zet phun a tum mek a, Forest Nursery-a thing tiak an neih ang ang phun ringawt lovin, nakin zel ngaihtuah chungin, a ruka hnawk kan tih ngawih ngawih, kih emaw, a zar thlak emaw kan hreh viau tur si ai chuan khawpui thang zel tan pawha hnawk miah lo tur phun ni thei se la, a zar buk chi kan phun dawn a nih pawhin hmun rai tha lai deuh, nakin zelah pawha hnawk (anga lang) lo tur laiah phun ni thei se, chutiang tur chuan Forest Department lama thawktu te pawh hian ruahman thei se a duhawm hle.

Green Mizoram kan hman hun hrim hrim pawh hi ngaihtuah \hat deuh a ngai maithei e. Forest Deparmtent-a hun rei tak thawk tawh, Plantation engemaw zat dina, enkawl puitling tawh pakhat chuan Mizotena thlai chi thlak hun pangngaia kan neih, |o haw hmaa phun hi fur chhiaa phun ai chuan a hlawhtling zawkin a sawi teh tlat. Zokhaw lama Pa rawn deuhte pawhin hetiang tho hian an sawi bawk. Indigenous Knowledge hian Agroforestry-ah hi chuan ngaihven a hlawh thina, thingphun leh thlai enkawlna atana an hriatna leh thiamna te hian zirngun a hlawh hle thin. Keini pawhin kan ti ve thei reng a nia, a lo that zawk hlauh takin!

David C. Vanlalfakawma

Department of Forestry,

Mizoram University

[Published on Vanglaini Mizo Daily Vol. XXV No. 134 June 9, 2010]

BIODIVERSITY DAY 2012

Biodiversity tih hi Mizo tawng thumal ang maiin kan hmang ta a, a bikin zirlai leh lehkha thiam sang zawkte te zingah phei chuan tawngkam lar tak a ni mek a. Mizo tawnga a tlukpui chiah thumal awm lo mahse hrilhfiahna chi hrang hrang a tam hle bawk. A tawi zawngin “Biodiversity chu leia thil nung chi tinreng te” tiin a sawifiah theih mai awm e; thil nung te mai bakah an chenna hmun, an awmna hmun te pawh a huam tel bawk. Biodiversity tih tawngkam hi phuahtu leh hmang hmasatua sawi mi chi hrang hrang an awma, kum 1988-a American Scientist, EO Wilson-an a thuziaka a hman chu he tawngkam  hmanna hmasa ber a pawm tlan a ni.

Biodiversity Day hi kum 1993 atangin, UN General Assembly ruahmannain hman tan a ni a, kum 2000 thlengin Dec. 29-ah International Biodiversity Day hi hman thin a ni a, kum 2001 atangin May 22-ah hman tan a ni thung. Kum tinin Biodiversity Day-ah hian thupui bik neia hun hman thin a ni a, kumina thupui chu ‘Marine Biodiversity’ tih a ni a, tufinriat leh tuipui-a thilnung tinrengte chungchang chu kumin a thupui ber tur a ni.

Biodiversity chu engnge a tangkaina?

Biodiversity chu engnge a pawimawhna? Thilnung chi hrang tlemte chauh awm mahse engnge a pawina? Thosi te hi engnge a tangkaina? Zawhna chi hrang hrang a awm thei ang. A tangkaina leh a pawimawhna kan hriat hi a tul reng a, Mizo te hi rannung chunga kan nunrawn vang hrim hrim ai mahin a tangkaina kan hriat tawk loh vanga hnawk ti a, thenfai tum kan ni mah mahin a lang.

Leia thilnung chi tinreng te hi inmamawh tawn theuh tura Pathianin a siam te kan ni a, tumah hi mahnia dingchhuak emaw, nung thei emaw kan awm lo; Mizo thufingin “Lungpui pawh lungtein a kam ki loh chuan a awm thei lo” a tih ang khan. Pathian thilsiam tinreng te, a bikin nunna nei te hi ineia, chaw insiam saka, inmamawh tawn kan nia, chu chu Ecological term chuan “Food Chain” an ti a, entirnan, thlai chu producer (mahnia chaw insiam thei) an ni a, thlai ei mi rannung hrang hrang te chuan eitu rannung dang an nei leh a, chung rannung te chuan an ni aia lian eitu dang an nei leh a, chutiang zelin. Food chain-ah hian producer (mahnia chaw insiam thei – thlai) chu an tam ber a ngaia, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer tiin an tlem chho tial tial thin.

Food chain chi hrang hrang awmkhawm chu “Food Web” an ti a, Food Chain pakhat hi a buai chuan Food Web a nghawnga, Food Web buai chuan Ecological imbalance kan tih mai hi a thlen leh a, chu chuan thil nung tinreng te hi min tibuai thin a ni, a tawpa tuar nasa bertu chu mihring te bawk hi kan ni. Upa ten an sawi fo thin, mihring sa ei tawh Sakei chuan mihring sa lo chu a ei duh tawh lo tiin, hei hi a chhan ber ni a lang chu Sakeiin eitur Sazuk/Sakhi etc a tlachhama, a seh thei lova, remchang takin mihring seh tur a hmu hlauhva chuvang chuan mihring a seh ta tihna a ni mai. Hliam leh engemaw dang avanga lo ei te chu awm ve bawk mahse, a bul berah chuan Sakei Food Chain buai vang a ni. Hetiang zel hian hnim a tam viau chuan a tam lutuk tur ven nan ei ral turin hnim hnah ei mi an puanga, hnim hnah eimi tam lutuk tur veng turin sahel eimi an rawn puang ve leh thuai thin.

Biodiversity pawimawhna Food Chain hmanga sawifiahna hi a tawi leh a awlsam thei ber chu a ni mai awm e. Rannung engemaw hi rannung dang chaw a ni zela, chutianga inchawm tawna, tam lutuk tur insuat tawn tura siam chu kan ni.

Biodiversity buaiin engnge a nghawng theih?

A tam mai! Food Chain hmang bawkin sawi fiah dawn teh ang. Tho hi rannung chimawm tak, mihring te min tihlum fotu a ni. Chuti si engatinge Pathianin a siam? Tho hi rannung danglam tak mai a ni a, inthlahpunna hmun atan bawlhhlawh leh hnawmhnawk a hmang thina, chuta a tui chuan chung hnawmhnawk chu inhnangfak nan a hmanga, hnawmhnawk tawih rimchhe tur kha a eiral thin a ni. Tho hi awm lo ta se chuan kan khawvel hi a rimchhe ngawt ang. Tichuan tho tam lutuk tur veng turin tho ei chi rannung dang – bak, maimawm, sava, utawk etc te a lo awm leh a, chutianga inkhaidiat chho vek chu a ni; Utawk te hi awmlo ta se chuan tho a tam leh hle thung anga, mihring ten kan tuar viau dawn tihna a nih chu.

Mizoramah zawngtah kung a tlem ta hle mai; zawngtah kung tam tak a nget a, a thih tak vang a ni. Heng zawngtah kung nget te venga, a nget hrik min eiral saktu sava chi hrang hrang a lo tlem tak vang a ni. Biodiversity buai tuartu chu mihring te hi kan ni zel mai.

Biodiversity zirchian engnge a tulna?

Mizoram hi thil nung chi tinreng tamna hmun a ni a, World Biodiversity Hotspot an tih zinga Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot chhunga awm kan ni a, kan vannei hle a ni. Thing chi hrang hrang, hnim chi hrang hrang kan nei a, ramsa/rannung chi hrang hrang – luia cheng chi te, khawmuala cheng chi chi hrang tam tak kan neia, kan neih zatve pawh hi kan la hrekim awm love!

Hemi lam kawnga zirchianna hi kawng hrang hrangin Mizoram University leh College lama kan mithiam ten an thawk meka, tunhnaiah pawh sangha chi thar, laiking chi thar, utawk chithar tih te, mau chi thar tihte an hmuchhuak zung zung mai. Hmuh chhuaha zirchian hman tak loh engzatnge riral tawh ang? Tih erawh ngaihtuah tham a tling. Heng kan rama rannung leh thilnung chi tinrengte hi zirchiana, an pawimawhna kan hriat a tul tak zeta, an chungchang kan hraitchian phawt loh chuan humhalhna kawngah hna a thawh sawt theih loh a ni. Hemi kawngah hian sorkar pawh a inhawng hle a, ram leilung fate ngeiin a zirchian hna an thawh theihna turin ruahmanna te a siam zela a lawmawm tak zet a ni.

Hman lawk kha chuan Mizo te thinlungah hian rulin huat a hlawh a, rul tawh phawt chu tihhlum zel mai kan duh a, mahse zir miten an han zirchiana, rul hlauhawm loh dan te, a tangkai dan te an han sawi meuh chuan rul kan huatna pawh a zia awm viau tawh a ni. Rulngan chu rul dang eitu a nih dan te an han sawi chuan Rulngan hlauhna leh huatna te a tlahniam ta hle. Pathianin mihringte koa a dah thilnung chi tinrengte enkawl hi tihlawhtling tur chuan heng thilnung tinrengte hi kan hriatchian a pawimawh tak zet a ni.

Biodiversity humhalhna dan

Biodiversity pawimawhna leh Biodiversity buaiin a nghawng theih thil hrang hrang te khawvelin a hrechiang chho tial tial a, chuvang chuan a humhalh dan tur leh Biodiversity chhe zel tur ven dan tur chi hrang hrang te an ruahman chho zel a, India ngei pawhin kum 2002 khan Biodiversity huhmhalhna dan “Biodiversity Act 2002” tih chu a siama, hemi hnuaiah hian Mizoram Sorkar pawhin “Mizoram Biodivesrity Rules 2010” a siam ve bawk. Heng danah te hian Biodiversity humhalhna kawnga Sorkarin hma a lak dan tur te, Biodiversity humhalh dan hrang hrang te leh zirchiang duh te khuahkhirhna dan te, tangkai leh him zawka leilung hausakna hman dan tur te,  dan bawhchhe hrem dan te a chuang bawk. Hemi chungchang hi zirchian leh inhrilhfiah ngai tak a ni a, hemi kawngah pawh hian hma lak choh zel a tul khawp mai.

Biodiversity tichhetu te

Biodiversity tichhe theitu thil chi hrang hrang awm zingah mihring te hi kan zual kai ber awm e, chumi bakah chuan “Invasive Alien Species” an tih, tualto nilo hmundanga mi lakluh, a awmsa te dip ral thin ang chi ho hi. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) te chuan kum zabi 17-na atanga tun thleng a thilnung thi mang tawh za a 40 (40%) hi heng Invasive Alien Species  te vang niin an chhut a. Mizoramah pawh hian hetiang ang chi deuh, hmundang atanga kan chawk luh a tam ta mai, heng ang ho hian engtiang chiahin nge kan ram a khawih ang tih ngaihtuah ngun a ngai viau a ni. Alien Species tih hi Exotic species tih nen thuhmun a ni a, an awm lohna tur rama an awm hi chuan thlai an ni emaw, rannung an ni emaw nghawng thalo a nei thin. A nghawng lang nghal ut ut lo mah sela khuareiah a lang tho tho thin. Heng Mizorama tualto nilo thing leh mau chi hrang hrang kan lakluh vak vak te hian nghawng a nei chho zelin a rinawm. Eucalyptus plantation in leichhunga tui, water table a nghawng pawi dan kan tawng baw tawh a, Teak plantation avanga ramngaw tha kan chan nasat zia te, soil texture (leilung) a khawih danglam dan zia te kan hre chho mek bawk a. Khawmual chengkawl lianin huan thlai a eichhiat nasat zia kan hre chho mek bawk. Mizoram hi Biodiversity-ah a hausa tawk a, thil chi thar vak hi lakluh a ngai lemin a lang lo, tuna a awmsa pawh kan venghim hleitheilo a nih laia, thil chi dang lakluh tum hi a fuh ber lo, a la pawithui thei viau zui bawk si.

Biodivesristy day 2012

Kan sawi tawh angin kumina International Biodiversity Day thupui atan ‘Marine Biodiversity’ tih chu thlan a ni a, tufinriat leh tuipui-a thilnung tinrengte chungchang chu kumina thupui ber tur a ni. Tuipui leh tuifinriat hi thilnung chi hrang hrang tamna a ni a, nasa taka zirchian mek a ni. Kum sawm chhung, 2000 – 2010,  a khawvel ram hrang hrang sawmriat a scientist rual mi 2700 zet ten an zirchiannaa a lan danin thilnung chi hrang 1200 zet an hmuh chhuah belha, zirchian zel tura an lak chi hrang 5000 zet an la  kawl tha bawk. Tuipuia thilnung chi hrang awm an zirchiana, a hming an vuah tawh hi chi hrang 250,000 vel zet a ni tawh a, la zirchhunzawm zel a niin, maktaduai tal chu a awm tlin an ring. Mi thenkhat phei chuan hemi let hnih lai hi tlingin an ring bawk.

Mizoramah hian tuipui emaw tuifinriat emaw nei lemlo mah ila lui-tui lam kaihhnawih, rannung leh thil nung chi tinreng kan neih avangin hetilam kawnga her rem hret pawh hi a sual awm love. Mizoramah hian sangha chi hrang 90 vel awma hriat a nia, zirchian chhoh mek zel a ni a, hei ai hian a tam ngei a beisei awm. Chhimluang leh hmar luanga sangha a chi a danga, chuvang chuan sangha chi hrnag awm zat hi a danglam thei viauin a rinawm. Sangha bak thil nung ci dang dawm te phei chu a hriat pawh kan la hre manglo zawk a ni, tan kan lak a ngai hle mai.

Lui dunga sangha chi chhuah vak vak kan ching erawh hi chu ngaihtuah ngun a ngai viau mai. A chung kan sawi tak Invasive Alien Species ang khi a ni palh ang tih a hlauhawm hle a ni. A tlangpui thuin heng luia kan chhuah thin te hi dil sangha, tui tlinga kahwsa chi niin a langa, lui tui luangah hian an tan dam khaw chhuah a har viauin a rinawm, tul lova sum khawhralna te pawh a ni hial thei. Cutih rual chuan an tha duh leh ltutuk anga, a awmsa te a nek ral vek ang tih a hlauhawm bawk. Fak hla siamtuin “Kawng dik emaw kan tih dik silo…” a tih ang deuh hi kan zawh lek lek thin chu a ni e.

Tlangkawmna

Biodiversity conservation te, Environment vawnhim te kan sawi thina, thahnem ngai takin mahni thiam ang tawkin hma te kan la thina, tin hemi lam kawngah hian kan thangharh zel bawk a a lawmawm tak zet a ni. Chutih rual mi thenkhat, hemi chungchanga la ngawng ve tak tak te an awm bawk, thenkhat phei chuan a tulna an la hrelo hial awm e. Heng mite hrilh hriat hi a hre tawh te mawh a ni a, an hriatlohna avanga an bawhchhiat palh changa dem rawna, deuhsawh luai luai lo hian an bawhchhiat lohna tura hrilh hriat hi kan mawhphurhna a ni. Khawvela thil nung tinrengte hi inmamawh tawn theuh kan ni a, inzah tawna intanpui tawn theuh tur kan ni tih hi hre thar leh ila, thilnung dang te tello chuan mihring te tan dam khaw chhuah ngaihna a awm lo a ni tih hre thar bawk ila, thilsiamdangte chungah niglneihna i lan tir zel ang u.

[Published on Vanglaini Mizo Daily May 22, 2012]