Tuibur nge Tur bur?

Rebecca Lalmuanpuii
Department of Chemistry,
Mizoram University

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-in National Cancer Registry Programme report (NCRP 2013)-a a tarlan danin India ramah chuan Mizoram, a bikin Aizawl district-ah, cancer vei an tam filawr hle a, mi nuai khat zelah mi 273 velin cancer vei ang an ni a, East Khasi Hills (Meghalaya)-in a dawt (216.0). NCRP-in a tarlan danin Mizorama cancer chi hluar zual chu pumpui, thin leh chuap cancer-te a ni a, tin, hmeichhe zingah chhul hmawr cancer a hluar ber bawk. Mizorama pumpui cancer hluar dan hi pumpui cancer hluarna rama an sawi – Japan, Korea, Chile leh Costa Rica ram te nena khaikhin tham zet a ni.

Heti taka Mizote cancer vei kan tam hi zirchian ngai tak a ni a. Cancer chi hrang hrang zingah zuk leh hmuam (Vaihlo leh a kaihhnawih)-in a thlen theih mai chi vei kan tam ber lehzel hian ngaihtuah a ti thui hle. Zuk leh hmuamin cancer a thlen theih dan hrang hrangte mithiam ten an sawi fo ṭhin a, Mizote nuna hmun chang thuk tak pakhat, tuibur-in Mizo te min eichhiat mêk dan hi kan hriat tam loh pawl tak a ni awm e. Tuibur hi a lo hlauhawm reng em? Engtiang chiaha hlauhawm nge? Damdawi a ni reng em? tih te hi tunlai thiamna leh khawl changkang tak hmanga kan zirchianna te lo thlirho ila.

Mizote leh Tuibur
Kan pi leh pu te hunlai kum tam tak kal ta aṭang tawhin tuibur – zuk leh hmuam hi Mizo nungphunga bet tel tlat a ni tih hi Mizo tawh phawt chuan kan hre vekin a rinawm. Mahse kan pi leh pu te khan engtik lai aṭang chiahin nge an chin ṭan tih erawh hriat a harsa deuh. Tuibur zuk leh hmuam hi khawvel hnamdang tute mahin an chin ve loh thil danglam tak mai a ni.

Hmanlai chuan kan pi leh pu te khan pemthar damdawi atan te an lo hmang tawh ṭhin a, khang hun laite kha chuan damdawi dang awm hek lo. Tunlai ṭhangthar leh zel te pawhin tuibur hmuam hi ha na damdawi ṭha tak a ni ti tlat te pawh an la awm a, hei mai bakah ṭhenkhat kum upa lam deuhte phei chuan pemthar damdawi a nih an la ring cheu a, saphihrik sehna hmuamhma a hnawih a ṭha ti te pawh an awm a, ṭhenkhat leh thung chuan chuan pumna damdawi atan a ṭhat zia thu an sawi ve leh zel bawk a, “hmuam dâk tawh hnu hian han lem ila pumnate pawh a dam vang vang zel” ti pawl an awm nawk bawk. A tam mai, kan sawi vek seng lo vang; tuibur vanga dam emaw tiin tam tak chuan an rinna an lo dampui te pawh a ni maithei bawk e.

Tuibur thlawr dan chikhat. Pic: Anon.

Tuibur hi vaihlo vap thlawr-al, tui hmanga zûk, al ṭha tak mai a ni a, chutiang taka al ṭha an zûk chuan ná kha a zuk luahlan/chhawk avangin dam angah an inngai a ni ber mai awm e, mahse tuibur alin ná a zuk chhawk rual hian taksa a thil ṭha lo a thlen theih (side effect)-te erawh kan ngaihtuah thleng meuh lo. Tuibur hmang kher lo hian vut aṭanga thlawr tho, chingal hi hmang ta se, a hlauhawmna nep zawk siin, na a chhawk dan a thuhmun reng tho mai thei; chingal hman ngawt erawh tih sa loh a ni. Chumi a nih avang chuan mi tam takin tuibur hi damdawi a kan ngai tlat hi kan paih bo a hun tawh hle a, tuibur ṭhat loh dan leh a ṭhat lohna chhan ber zawk hi kan hriat chian a ṭul tawh tak zet a ni.

A tlangpuiin Mizo te hian dawhtheihna kan tlachhamin kan ngaih a sam a, damdawi kan ei pawhin a dam nghal loh chuan kan hrethiam lo a; thil ṭha lo kan tih pawhin a ṭhat lohna a lan nghal mai loh chuan kan ngaih a ṭhat loh phah lem lo fo bawk. Chutiang chu kan mizia a nih avangin tuibur hmuam a, damdawi atana hmang ṭhin tam tak te pawhin chawp leh chilh a tuibur ṭhat lohna a lan chhuah nghal mai loh avangin a ṭhat lohna hmuh tur leh sawi tur an hre hauh lo ang. Mahse, vaihlo aṭanga siam a nih ve tho avangin, vaihlo kaihhnawih aṭanga siam, zuk leh hmuam chi dangte ang bawkin kan taksaa pawi a khawih theih dan chu a thuhmun reng si a ni.

Mihring hriselna khawih pawi thei thil, tuibur a awm (chemical/tur) hrang hrang zir chian nan hian khawl changkang leh ṭha tak tak chi hrang pali hman a ni a, tun tumah hi chuan Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) hmanga tuibur a tur hlauhawm awm kan hmuhchhuahte kan tarlang dawn a ni. Aizawl, Kolasib, Champhai, Khawzawl, Lunglei, Tawipui leh Saiha aṭangte a tuibur sample kan lakkhawmte chu ICPMS khawl, Catholic Kwandong University, South Korea-ah zirchian a ni a, chu khawl hmanga tur lam chi awm zat hmuhchhuah leh mihring tana hlauhawm thei, natna hlauhawm zawk thlen thei zat World Health Organisation (WHO) leh zirmi ten an bithliah chinte nen khaikhin leh a ni bawk.

Tuibur nge tur bur?
Sawi tawh angin he zirchiannaah hian Korea rama an khawl changkang tak (ICPMS) hman a ni a, chu khawl chuan tuibur a toxic metal awmte a thliar hrang char chara, a awm zat nen lam a tehfel nghal vek bawk. Toxic metal tehna/endikna khawl hi chi hrang hrang a awm a, khawl dang tam tak aia he khawl chungnun bikna chu khawl tam tak ten a zuk teh/hmuh (detect) phak loh pawh a teh/hmuh (detect) theih vang a ni. Chu mai bakah he hmanraw hmang hian tui lam leh thil sakhat lam a elements/metal awm hrim hrim leh a awm tam lam thlengin a hriat theih a ni.

Kan zirchianna aṭanga a lan danin tuiburah hian Toxic metals (mihring leh rannung tana tur hlauhawm) chi hrang hrang a awm ngei a, chung zinga a hlauhawm zual pangate phei chu International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)-in metal chi hrang hrang zing a mihring a cancer thlen thei a tih te a ni nghe nghe a. Chungte chu Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) leh Chromium (Cr) te a ni a. Tin, heng toxic metals, tuibur a awmte hi a mal khai pawh a mihring-a cancer thlen thei ṭhiau, mihring taksaah pawi nasa taka khawih a, natna dang tam tak thlen thei ṭhiau khawp a tur hlauhawm a ni.

Engtiang chiaha tur tam nge a pai?
Tehna dang pahnih, kan ei leh in reng reng a metals hrang hrang a hlauhawm chin leh hlauhawmlo chin (permissible limits) tehkhawng fel fai tak United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) leh World Health Organisation (WHO) ten an duansa leh tuibur a toxic metals awm te kan khaikhin leh a. Tuibur a Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd) leh Lead (Pb) te hian phal chin bak (permissible limits) a pel chiang hle a, mihring taksain a do let theih aia tam fe a awm a. Nickel (Ni) leh Chromium (Cr) te erawhin phal chin (permissible limits) pel ve lo mahse, an hlauhawmna a nep phah chuang lo a, mihring taksaa a lo inkhawlkhawm khan mihring tana pawi thei chin a thleng thuai ṭhin. Heng toxic metals te hian phal chin an pel emaw pel lo emaw, kan hriat loh hlanin kan taksaah tlem tlemin a inkhawl khawm a (bio-magnification), kan hriat loh hlanin nasa fein kan taksa a lo eichhe hman ṭhin a, kan taksaah natna eng emaw a lo lan chhuah meuh chuan pawi nasa tak a lo khawih tawh tihna a ni.

Tuibur chu engvanga hlauhawm nge?
Heng thil ṭhalo, chemical hlauhawm tam tak kan sawi takte hi tuibur thlawrtute vang a lo awm emaw ni le? An tui hman pawh a thianghlim tawk loh thu an sawi fo bawk si a…engvang ngawtin nge maw heng tur hlauhawm hi tuiburah a lo awm le? Tih hi zawhna awm thei tak a ni. Chung zawhna chhang tur chuan tuibur mai bakah, tuibur thlawrna atana vaihlo leh tui an hman te a hranpain kan zirchiang leh bawk.

Tuibur thlawrna atana hmun hrang hranga tuibur thlawrtu ten tui an hmanah hian khing a chung a kan sawi tak toxic metals ho hi hmuh a ni ve lo a, vaihloah erawh chuan tuibur a kan hmuh lêt deuh thaw zel hmuh a ni thung. Kan sawi tak ang khan tuibur pawh vaihlo atanga siam a nih ve tho avangin tuibur thlawrna atana an hman vaihloah khan heng thil ṭha lo tam tak hi a awm sa reng vang zawk a ni. Ṭawngkam dangin, tuibur a kan hmuh toxic metals ho hi an thlawrna vaihlo aṭang vêk a lo chhuak tihna a ni.

Tlangkawmna
He zirchiannain a tum ber chu “Mizo mipui ten tuibur a ngaihdan atthlak tak kan neih ṭhinte paih bo a, tuibur hi vaihlo aṭanga siam a nih ang bawkin mihring taksa khawih chhe thei, tur tam tak (toxic metals), a awm a, natna chi hrang hrang a thlen theih mai piah lamah cancer hial pawh thlen thei thil ṭhalo tam tak a keng tel a ni tih inhriattir” hi a ni. Chuvangin tuibur hi damdawi ni loin, mihringte tana tur hlauhawm tak a ni tih hi i hre tlang ang u. Tuibur avanga natna hlauhawm tak tak kan kai theihte pumpelhna awlsam ber chu tuibur hman loh/tih loh hi a ni.

[Vanglaini Vol. – XXXI No. 84, April 8, 2016-ah tihchhuah a ni]