The Bamboo Chronicles

Being born and raised in a family where the kitchen garden is primarily dominated by bamboo, there has always been a part of bamboo in me. Our “Chuktuah huan” (Kitchen garden or backyard) was the place where the chronicles begun. At least three species of bamboo were growing, till 2006. The gregarious flowering of the Mautak (Melocanna baccifera) since 2006 was the cause of the downfall of the bamboo dynasty at our backyard.

Bamboo forest cleared for Lo (jhum field). A view from West Phaileng to Lallen road.

Bamboo, by taxonomy, belongs to a grass family. Functionally, it is more like a wood, and is often regarded as a tree. Mizoram has at least 25 indigenous species of bamboo, belonging to 8 genera. Among them, Mautak (M. baccifera) is the dominating species, occupying ~90% of the bamboo forest of the state. Since time immemorial, bamboo has been used in varied ways. It is one of the most highly utilized natural resources among the Mizo community.

There’s a saying, once a man built a house with bamboo. He used bamboo pole, bamboo flooring, bamboo wall and bamboo thatched roof and cooked bamboo shoot in a bamboo culm, using bamboo as fuel wood. He then consumed the bamboo shoot, and said, “Bamboo, I’m in you and you’re in me.” Indeed, bamboo has a deep impact on the socio-economics and socio-culture of  the Mizo society.

A young girl sells a bamboo shoot @Vaipuanpho

The recent re-clarification of bamboo as a grass, by the president of India, however abstain the Incredible India to claim its carbon trading protocol through bamboo. If only it was acknowledged as a tree, the carbon credit owned by India would be immense, much much higher than those hardwood species. However, bamboo farmers would easily harvest their bamboo without acquiring permission from the government. In other words, bamboo being re-classified as grass makes it unnecessary to obtain permission, they can freely harvest and sell. Its a great news for the bamboo farmers. Yet, the environmental service rendered by the bamboo forests remains the same.

The Bamboo College

I did my UG studies at the Union Christian Christian College (UCC). The UCC was established in Aug. 14, 1952 at Umiam Khwan, Meghalaya by the Assam Christian Council, now known as the North East India Christian Council (NEICC). During its inception, the managing board was so poor that they could not afford any hi-fi building materials. Instead, they built classrooms and other buildings with the locally available bamboo. Since then, it was given a nick name “the Bamboo College.”

The guy who grew up among the clumps and culms of bamboo finally graduated from the bamboo college. The story continues…

The bambu sapiens

After completing PG from the Mizoram University, the guy among the bamboo choose to be with the bamboo yet again. Enrolling myself to do a research on the ecological services of bamboo in combating the climate change,  I think about bamboo, I spoke about bamboo, I dreamt about bamboo and I keep on working in the bamboo forest here and there.

Sub-samples for laboratory analysis. The RE Classic playing its role!

Bamboo leads me to 5 study sites in the five administrative districts of Mizoram. Visiting each sites bi-monthly; measuring the girth, collecting the soils, excavating the roots, collecting the litters. Two and half years passed, those data sets were transformed into some magical equations…and lo! I was permitted to submit my thesis.

Bambu sapiens at work among the Rawthing (clumps of B. tulda) @Mausen, Lunglei district

Since I worked on and with bamboo for more than two years, my friend used to call me ‘bamboo man,’ however, there are guys like Ghani Zaman who has been acknowledged as ‘Bamboo Man’ for his enormous bamboo related works. Moreover, my contribution and experience doesn’t deserve the ‘bamboo man’ title. Instead, ‘bambu-sapiens’ feels more suitable…hehe…

Field work was never a burden when you have a friend who always stood by your side be it storm or rain! Kudos to a research colleague, Dr. B. Malsawmkima

Dec. 2, 2014

Another months passed; finally Dec. 2, 2014 was the day I stood for the bamboo, defending the bamboo and proclaim that “Bamboo is the answer!” After a few sets of questions being answered, a round of applause and an acknowledgement from my Supervisor sealed the day.  Handshake and light refreshment followed.

Meanwhile at home, on the same day, there was a news of a new born baby girl; another member in the family. She is the third child and first daughter of my elder brother. How joyful it was! Its the Lord doing.

Happy birthday to Lalrinfeli (Fel-feli)

The Acknowledgment

In my thesis, I wrote the following few lines, acknowledging those that made me the bambu-sapiens:

I expressed my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor Prof. S.K. Tripathi for his never ending encouragement, guidance and advice. Without him, this research work will never be completed. I am also thankful to my co-supervisor Dr. F Lalnunmawia, a wonderful counselor, who is always ready for me.

I thanked Prof. U.K. Sahoo, the Head of Department of Forestry and other faculty members of the department for their constant support.
Several personnel, who helped me in locating the potential study sites and arranging the necessary protocol for performing the on field experiments and collection of samples, especially Pi Chhawni of Mausen and Pu Patrick Z, the then Village Council President of Chhingchhip Mualpui, are instrumental in the completion of this work, I shall never forget them.

Their names are worth mentioning – Mr. B. Malsawm Kima, a research colleague, who always stood by my side, be it storm or rain, another research colleague – Mr. Lalriliana Fanai and Ms Jeeceelee Leishangthem for their tiredless help in the field work, data analysis as well as in the laboratory works. I am much obliged to them.

I am extremely grateful to Dr. H. Lalhlenmawia, Head, Department of Pharmacy, RIPANS, Aizawl and his staff, Dr. Aduha Pachuau, in particular, for their generousity and assistance in the laboratory works.
The staffs of the Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Mizoram University are the backbone in the chemical analyses of my samples, I am thankful to them.

My sincere gratitude goes to Dr. C. Lalrammawia for his support and advice in shaping up my thesis.

The support I received from my parents encouraged me to reach this far. Words could not express my gratitude to my loving parents!

Above all, I thanked God for His merciful blessings which He bestowed upon me. I thanked Him for giving me all of the above and lots more.

April 10, 2015: Xth Convocation of MZU – “By virtue of the power vested in me…I admit you to the degree of…I charge you that ever in your life and conversation you show yourselves worthy of the same”

To this day, I often asked myself “Am I worthy of it…?”

[slightly personal… :D]

UPA C. ROKHUMA

Zirna tluang pangngaiah pawl 6 thleng chauh a zira, mahse pawl 6 thleng chauh zir zawng zawngah chuan ani aia fing hi an awm kher lovang. Hna thawk chungin private-a pawl 9 exam-in a pass leh a; pawl 9 pass zingah ani aia thiam leh hre ril hi an awm chuang hek lovang.

Kan naupan laiin lehkhabu pan te, a kawma a ziaktu hmel chuang, ngaihnawm zet mai hi ka u hian min chhiar sak thina. Ziak leh chhiar ka thiam ve chinah erawh chhiar sak ngailovin chu lehkhabu ngaihnawm chu ka chhiar ve thin. “Tunlai Khawvel Thlirna” tih lehkhabu ka chhiar atanga ka hriat, Upa C. Rokhuma thuziak te hi Mizo ziakmi te kutchhuak zinga ka chhiar hmasak ber a nih ka ring!

Upa C. Rokhuma, Sept. 4, 2015

Pianpui finna sang leh thuk tak nei, zirtirtu, zirtirtu te zirtirtu, sipai bang – Indopui II-na Veteran, Sande Sikul zirtirtu te zirtirtu, ziakmi, pa titi thiam, thil chik mi, pa chak, pa taima, Pathian tih mi, vantlang tana mi inpe, scientist, mi rinawm…a tlar thui teh e! Upa C. Rokhuma tluka Mizo mipui te tana thawhhlawk hi an tam lo khawp ang!

A chanchin tlem

Upa C. Rokhuma hi July 21, 1917-ah Reiek-ah a pianga, unau 9 zinga a upa ber a ni a; farnu 3 a nei. A nupui Pi Lalrinthangi (L) nen hian kum 1939-ah an inneia, fa mipa 4 leh hmeichhia 3 an nei a, tu 19 leh tuchhuan 15 an nei bawk. Upa C. Rokhuma hian 1934 – 47 chhung khan hmun hrang hrangah zirtir hna a thawk a, 1946 – 1953 chhungin sub-Inspector of School hna a thawk bawk. Guru Training School (Teachers Training School)-ah kum 1955 – 66 Instructor hna a thawk a, MSSU hnuaia Sunday School zirtirtu training Instructor hna kum 1967 – 1978 thleng a thawk bawk. Tin, Indopui II-na hunlai khan Sipaiah a tang bawk.

Upa C. Rokhuma, Sept. 4, 2012

Vantlanga tana mi inhmang tak a ni a, YMA President a ni thin a, Mautam tam lo thleng tur laka inven nan 1951-ah Tam do pawl a dina. Ruahmanna hrang hrang an siam te chu sorkar pawhin ngai pawimawhin theih tawpin hma an laa, Mautam tam pawh a ziaawm phah hle. Mautam chungchanga hriatna thuk tak nei a nih avangin Kum 2006 – 09 chhoa Mau a tam leh pawh khan mithiam te thurawn lakna pawimawh tak a ni chhunzawm zel bawk.

Upa C. Rokhuma, Sept. 4, 2012

Vantlanga tana a hnathawh that avang hian kum 1992 khan India President hnen atangin PADMA SHRI chawimawina hlu tak a dawng a, hmun hrang hrang atangin chawimawina chi hrang hrang a dawng bawk.

Synod Boys Hostel-a kan awm laiin tum khat chu inkhawm a kaihruaia, zai tura The Barnabas (Male Voice)  te a sawm kha mitthlaah a lang reng thin! Miin thiam an tih thu te, sawi lawk se tape recorder-a lo record a chak thu te kha a sawi a, Kohhran mipui te pawh kan nui hak nghe nghe. Upa C. Rokhuma hi  Chhimphei Presbytery Inkhawmpui, Bungkawn kohhrana kum 1978-a neihin Mission Vengthlang Kohhran Upa ni tura a nemngheh, rawngbawlna kawnga mi thahnemngai, Kohhran humhalh mi a ni.

Padma Shri kiangah ni khat

Tawnhriat ngah te kawma, an titi ngaihthlak hi kan chak thina, chung zingah chuan Upa C. Rokhuma hi kan kawm chak ber te zinga mi a ni a, naupan lai atanga kan ngaihsan tawh a nih avang te pawh a ni tel bawk ang. Pa upa lam a nih tawh avangin thawn thut chilohah kan ngaia, a tunu, Lalrokimi kaltlangin len kan duh thu kan hrilha, Sept. 4, 2012-ah remchang min lo siam sak ta hlauh maia kan lawm hle a ni.

Sept. 4, 2012: Kei, Upa C. Rokhuma leh Rochana

Kan kawm tum hian Upa Rokhuma hi kum 95 mi a ni tawha, a hriatna that zia leh thil a chhinchhiah theih zia hi chu sawiloha leng a ni. Kan kawm chhung zawnga mak kan tih leh kan sawi tawp theih loh chu a rinawmna kha a ni. Kan zawhna kha a hriatloh zawng a nih hlauh chuan a hriatloh thuin min chhang maia, a rinthu a sawi ngailoa, hre awm angin min chhang lo, “Ka hre hauh lo mai” a ti thên mai. Nia a hriat dan emaw a duh duh danin emaw, engpawh mai kha sawi ta se keini, hre pha velo kha chuan kan awih vek awm si a! Mahse dawt min hrilh duh miahlo leh a hriat loh a hrelo ngam kha kan ngaihsanna tizualtu a ni.

Upa C. Rokhuma, Sept. 4, 2012

Zawhna inkarakik pui pui, rilrua lang apiang kan zawt a, Rochana’n Mizo History leh Politics lam te, thil chi hrang hrang a zawta. Keiin Science lam, a bikin ecology leh conservation lam engemawzat ka zawt thung a. Heng zawng zawngah hian, “keini te chu lehkha thiamlo kan nia, kan hriat ve te hi chu a lau em mai…ka aiin in hre zawk daih ang…” ti chungin kan hriat ngailoh tha tha min hlui a, kan phur deuhin zawhna kan siam belh zela, a hriat loh zawng chu “ka hre hauhlo mai…” tiin min chhang zel thung a. Maumitvel lo pianchhuah dan ni a pi-pu ten an sawi thin min hrilh te, Tut lui dunga sa an pel thin dan a sawi te kha a ngaihnawm teh e. “In hre duh em?” “duh tho mai” “tho mai chauh maw…in hre duh tak tak lo a niang maw…” tia an fiamthu zauh te khan a ti ngainatawm zual sauh bawk.

Tawngkam mai nilo, a chetzia zawng zawng nen… Sept. 4, 2012

Kum 95 chhunga a tawnhriat hrang hrang, a bikin Mizo nunphung leh khawtlang inrebawl dan, ram leh hnam an humhalh dan te, ramngaw leh nungcha an enkawl dan te nen min hrilh a. A In a sak laia a bang tur dap a chik dan leh a thawh rim zia a sawi te phei chu a ngaihnawm tak zet a ni.

Upa C. Rokhuma, Sept. 4, 2012

Mizoram khawchin mumal takin a chhinchhiaha, ruah tui tlak dan, ni chhuah leh tlak hun thlengin. Khawpui rik hun leh buh thar inkungkaih dan a sawi thin te khan Applied science lama a rilzia a tilang chiang hle. Mahse heng zawng zawng hi chinchhuakin ka zawt hman ta lo. Serthlum enkawlnan bika a duanchhuah RK Mixture chungchang leh Par arsi hnuaia serthlum a that duh thu a sawi te pawh kha ka zawhchian hman tak loh zinga mi a ni. Mahse a taka a thil tih, a tawnhriat atanga a sawi a ni si. Hetiang indigenous knowledge hi science & technology than zel nana kawng pawimawh hmasa a ni a. Inter-cropping te phei hi chu tun thlengin mi tam takin PhD degree an hmuhna a la ni reng bawk.

Seiko sana

Hemi tuma Rawmi chi ka pek kha ti tiak thei tak maw!

Upa C. Rokhuma, Sept. 4, 2012

Vawi khat dang leh

Kum 2015, April 29 khan a huana thakthing kung thliin a  chhem tliaka, thakthing project kan khawih lai a nih avangin sample la-in a huanah, a tupa Hriatzuala (Te-a) nen kan kala. Haw pahin a Inah kan lut kawia, kum 98 mi lai a nih tawh avangin a taksa a chaklovin a lo chaurau ve hle tawh a. Khuma mu chungin a fa thenkhat te nen an lo inkawm a. A aw a la fiahin a ri hriatna a la tha a, a rilru pawh a la fim vek bawk. Amah kawma kum 2012-a kan len tawh thu leh ka research ka zawh tawh thu te ka hrilh chuan min lawmpui ve hle a, chibai te min buk hial. Hei hi Upa Rokhuma ka hmuh hnuhnun ber a ni ta. [ Pu C Rokhuman Mautam chungchang a sawi  ka record download duh chuan click mai tur].

An venga raw lianpui mai, mam pel pul, eng rua nge tih an hriat mailoh hi, Hriatzuala nen bawk hian kan va en nghal a, Rawmi (Dendrocalamus sikkimensis) a lo ni a.

A hun hnuhnung

Vawiin, Nov. 23, 2017 hi he khawvel a chhuahsanna champhaphak vawi 1-na a lo ni ve leh ta reng mai. Pa hrisel tak, natna êm êm pawh nei ngailo kha, thawhah avangin Nov. 15, 2016 zanah Aizawl Hospital ICU-ah enkawl a ni a. ni thum hnuah Private ward-a sawn ngam khawpin a tha leh a. Mahse a thawhrimna te chawlhsana, a nupui, kum 2015-a a sun tak kiangah, Pathian angchhunga chatuana chawl ve tawh turin Nov. 23, 2016 chawhma dar 11:30 khan he khawvel hi a lo chhuahsan ta a ni. A tuk, Nov. 24, 2016-ah thlahliam a ni.

Zofate ro dang zawng zawng khuma finna leh hmasawnna kawnga bung thar min kaipuitu, Upa C. Rokhuma’n Mizo fate tana a hnuchhiah zawng zawng hi a hlut zawng chhutchhuah theih loh khawpa hlu leh tam a ni a. A thawhrim rahchhuah tam tak te hi thangtharte tan a zira zir fe tham a ni ngei ang.

Ayubhowan: A Ceylon Diary

There’s a hymn by Reginald Heber (1783-1826) we used to sing, which read –

“What though the spicy breezes, Blow soft o’er Ceylon’s isle…”

Since then, the name Ceylon has been lingering in my mind. The Lord showed His mercy on me, and giveth me the privileged to experience the spicy breezes that blow across the Indian Ocean, for a week.  Like the hymnodist said, it was a beautiful country, which earnestly longed and sacrificed for peace.

Yet again, my camera was my diary, it freezes those moments, that portray Sri Lanka, the nation, that wished me “Ayubhowan” (May you live long).

Deities of the Kohomba

A twin percussionists played the Geta Beraya in a vibrant rhythm. The dancers swirl and swing to the groove of the percussions, and occasionally sang the vannam (a kind of recitation). Most vannam describe the behaviour of animals.

Kandyan dance is believed to originate from the dance performed by the deities of Kohomba in central Sri Lanka.

A group of dancer performing the Kandyan dance

The innaugural procession of the SACYN 2017 was led by these dynamic Kandyan dancers.

Family matter

A sweet smile was their response, as I point my lens towards them, a Sinhalese family. All through the week, I have noticed that the Sinhalese communities are a happy community.

A Sinhalese family – their simple gesture makes me feel at home

One of the major battles the Sri Lankan’s are facing is the battle, with nature, for land. Impact of climate change has been suffered by the country. Submerging of land is one of the major impacts. Land dispute between the Government and the citizens, especially the grassroots is another battle they are fighting. Submerging of land and the 30 years’ war the country had gone through enhanced the dispute.

All these internal conflicts and disputes are a family matters of the country. But climate change…its a matter of the earthlings as a whole!

Life along the Salt Canal

Reclamation and submerging of lands has always been a subject in an Island ecosystem. Several lands are often washed off or submerged by the sea waters. The Muthurajawela wetland in Negambo, Sri Lanka is also among those, often submerged by salt water. A canal was built by the British to drain the salt water in 1802 and named it Hamilton Canal (aka Dutch Canal). At present, it is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the area.

Settlement along the Salt canal

Houses are constructed along the canal, leaving only a narrow footpath, without a railing. It seems the settlers are well adapted to it, and never fell into the canal. On the contrary, I was told that a few moments before I shot this photo, a three-wheeler fell in it, but from the other side of the canal.

Fisherman’s agony
Fishing industry is one of the most blooming industries in the Sri Lankan economy. The government has envisioned a large scale fishing industry.At present, the fishing community comprises of the traditional fishing community with an improvised or modernised oruvas (sailing canoe). These fishermen are the grassroots of the society, continuing the fishing legacy for more than a century.

The Government’s new policy on the fishing industry is not so welcomed by them, as they have a suspicion that they will be overthrown by the corporate. The National Fishery Solidarity Movement (NAFSO) endlessly fights for the rights of the fishing community.

Fisherman untangled their caught

If the policy is empowered, not only the grassroots will suffer, but the method adopted by the fishing industry is detrimental to the environment; increasing the rate of erosion and submerging of coastal low lands. Fighting against both the climate change and the policy agonised the fisherman.

Fading glory

As the government is eyeing to enlarge the fishing industry, the traditional fishing communities, the grassroots of the society, are in despair. To them, fishing is not only a passion, but a life and a legacy.

With the advent of the corporate equipped with hi-tech fishing gears, the fishing legacy of the indigenous community is fading day by day, dwindling year after year.

A wife helped her fisherman-husband in picking the fishes and the crustaceans entangled in the net. Women play an active role in fighting for the rights of the fisherman.

There will be times when the traditional fishing technique will be seen only through art works, when the oruvas is only a museum collection. When those times come, they’ll ponder upon the good old days, their glorious days that fade…

Sanguine

After hearing all the country’s dark side, I met this young boy, who just came back from school. He was neither bothered by the past nor the future, but enjoyed the present. A confident smile was his reaction to the lens being aimed at him.

A Jolly and confident young boy of Negambo city.

He might not understand the struggle that the Lankan’s had gone through. He might not be aware of the bloody war that was fought. The consequences of the war were beyond his perception. But he’s enjoying the moment, he’s the new generation, a generation of peace and tranquility.

Walking the Negambo City

Negambo is a City on the west coast of Sri Lanka, north of the capital, Colombo. It is famous for its lagoon and beach.

A lottery counter in Negambo

A Lottery counter on the roadside had an ample amount of customers.

Street food- Almost all the food items contained at least a few pinched of sea food.

We were relentlessly searching for a street food hawker. We finally managed to find this guy. He might be a Sri Lankan Tamil, and the fruits that he hanged suggested he’s a Hindu.

A girl, waiting for a school bus

The internal politics of the country is beyond our knowledge. Many blamed the Government for not providing sufficient humanitarian aid to the civil war refugee. This picture, reminded me of those that still suffered the consequences of the civil war.

Peace – a Tamil gentleman

On the contrary, this Tamil gentleman gestured the sign of peace. Ironically, the Sri Lankan Civil War was fought between the Tamil separatist and the Sri Lankan Government.

Devotion
As she finished her noon prayer, a believer rejoicingly left the Church. She was sitting and praying at the back pew. She was wearing a hearing aid. I, oftenly, used to think that what the mainstream society called differently-abled are more devoted and consecrated to their faith.

A devoted believer

St. Stephen’s Church has a long history. Built in 1877 and consecrated on Jul. 31, 1880, was declared as Archaeological protected monument in 2011; and it belongs to the Anglican Church.

St. Stephens Church, Negambo

I bid goodbye to Sri Lanka on Oct. 14, 2017.

“Ayubhowan, Sri Lanka”

 

Environment Humhalh

  1. Environment chu engnge?

Environment chungchang te, a chhiat tawh dan leh a humhalh dan kawng hrang hrang te kan hre chamchi a, mahni phak tawk theuhah, a humhalhna kawngah pawh hma kan sawn tlang viau tawh a, a lawmawm tak zet a ni. Environment han tih hian Mizo tawng chuan “Kan chhehvel thil” tiin kan sawi mai thina, a dik thawkhat viau a, amaherawhchu Environment-ah hian keimahni, mihring te leh nungcha dang te pawh hi kan tel ve a ni tih kan hriat nawn a tha. Zirmite chuan Environment hi hlawm lian tak pahnih – Biotic (nunna nei) leh Abiotic (thil nunglo) Environment-ah te an la thendarh leh chhawnga. Tun tumah hi chuan Bio-Physical Environment (Nunna nei te leh an chenna chhehvel) hi kan sawi ber tur a ni ang.

  • Environment awmzia:

Environment hian a huamzau hle a, science lam te, mihring nunhona leh thanlenna lam hawi zawng te, leh thilnung chi hrang hrang te inlaichinna lam hawi zawng te pawhin a sawi theih ang. Ecological Environment-in a kawh ber ni a lang chu thilnung chi hrang hrang te leh anmahni nghawngtu, an chhehvela thildang awm te hi a ni. Heng anmahni nghawngtu zingah hian thilnung, nunna nei leh thilnunglo, nunna neilo te a huam. A tawi thei ang bera sawi dawn chuan “Thilnung leh anmahni nghawngtu thil chi hrang hrang te” tiin sawi ila a pawm a hahdam mai awm e.

  • Humhalh a ngaih chhan:

Pathianin nunna a duan dan hi a mak a, thilsiam engpawh mai hi mahnia nunga awm thei engmah an awm lova, inmamawh leh inpeng tawn theuh kan ni. Pathianin min siam dan phung anga kan nun chuan buaina leh harsatna a thleng lem lo; mahse, duhamnaa khat mihring te avang hian chu khuarel kalphung pangngai chu tihdanglam (manipulate) a ni fo a, chu chuan he leia thilnung leh thilnung lo te inlaichinna chu nasa takin a tibuai ta a ni.

  1. Environment tibuaitu te:

Environment hi thil chi hrang hrang inzawm khawm a nih avangin awlsam tea chhe maithei, der dep ru tak a ni a. Chhan hrang hrang avanga danglam dawrh thei a ni.

2.1 Khuarel chhiatna

Zirmiten an zir danah chuan khawvelah hian khuarel kalphung pangngai avangin chhiatna chi hrang hrang a lo tleng tawh thina. Arsi tla avanga a tlakna hmun danglam dawrh dan te, leimin leh tui lian avang te, lirnghing leh thlipui avang te, tlang kang avang tea khawvel danglam theih dan chu sawi ngai lovin kan hre theuh awm e. Heng khuarel thil te hi chu a thawhdan a muan (a intham chhung a rei) avang leh hunbi fel tak neia thleng a nih tlangpui avangin thilnung tinreng te pawh engtikah emaw tawk thut thei tura hriatna mak tak mai Pathianin min pe a, kan insiamrem thei thin; chutiang tih theihna chu adaptation an ti.

2.2 Mihring te avangin

Environment tibuaia, harsatna siam nasa bertu chu mihring te hi kan ni awm e. Kan nawm kan makah khuarel kalphung bawhchhe thak khawpin thlai thar rang leh thar hlawk kan buaipuia; rah tha tak chhuah se kan duh avangin leilunga thlai chawmtu leitha Pathianin a dah sa chu duhkhawp lovin leitha dangin kan vura, thirdawt hmangin luitui kan la penga.  Development changchawiin kan awlsam dan tur ngawt kan ngaihtuaha, lirthei leh veivahna tur hmanraw chi hrang hrang kan siam chhuaka, chung thil te avang chuan he khawvel hi a lo lum tawlh tawlha, tui thianghlim in tur a vang telh telha, lei a da telh telh bawka. Lei kan laia, in lian pui pui kan saa, tuihawk luankawr kan ti danglama, lui a mi tiau kan laa, sarang leh plastic hmanga siam bungrua kan uar telh telh bawka. Kan hnawmhnawk kan paih duhdaha, paihna pangngaia paih pawhin a sawngbawlna kan nei tha leh silova, hnawmhnawk awmna kan sawn chu a ni ber e. Ei zawh mai sen loh thlai kan thar avangin a vawnthatna kan siam a ngai leha, chu chuan a leh a lingin environment a tibuai leh a. Mihring ten khawvel kan tichhe mek a, a tawp khawkah chuan keimahni bawk hi a buai berah kan tang leh ta a ni.

  1. Environment buaiin a nghawng theih te

Environment hi kan chhehvela nunna nei leh neilo, kan dam khawchhuahna atana min nghawng tute tiin tawngkam dangin a sawi theih ang. Hetiang tak a nih avang hian environment a buai miau chuan kan dam khawchhuah dan tur hi a buai tihna chu a ni ber awm e. A nghawng theih zawng zawng chu kan hre seng hauh loa, a sawi lah kan sawi seng hek lovang, ni tinin a nghawng chi dang hi a lo lang chho zel a ni.

3.1 Climate change

Climate change tih tawngkam hi tunlaia tawngkam lar tak a ni a, US President, Donald Trump-an a ngaihthah tlat avanga khawvelin a dem zia pawh kan hre theuh awm e. Mizo tawng chuan sik leh sa danglam tiin a hrilhfiah theih mai awm e. A duhtui deuh chuan Climate change tih ringawt hi an duhtawk lova, abrupt climate change ti tein an sawi deuh kher thin.

Sik leh sa danglam nasa hian environment-ah nghawng nasa takin a neia, chu mai piah lamah ram inrelbawlna thlengin nghawng a nei nasa dawn hle niin zir mite chuan an sawi. Khawchin mumallo – khawlum tawlh tawlh, thlasik vin tak, nipui – tawrh harsa khawpa lum, ruah baw hawk tam tawlh tawlh, kum tluana ruahtui insemruallo, khawkheng adt. hi sik leh sa danglamin a nghawng langsar chu a ni. Heng avang hian natna hrik kan hriat ngailoh a lo puang chho mêk a, ram luma awm chauhin an vei thin kha Zo tlangsanga awm te pawhin kan lo vei ve ta zel bawk.

3.2 Ecological balance buai

Ecosystem a in-balance lo,” “Ecological balance a buai” tih te hi Mizo tena tawngkam kan hman uar tak a ni chho ta zel a. Ecosystem chu leia thilnung tinreng te leh thilnung lo te nunho, chenho dan leh an inlaichin dan a ni a; Ecology chu thilnung leh thilnung lo te inlaichin dan chungchang zirna a ni. Mizo thufing chuan “Lungpui pawh lungtein a kamki loh chuan a awm theilo” tih kan hmu a, he tawngkam tluka ecosystem sawifiahna hi a awm awm lo ve. Thil nung tinreng te leh nunna neilo te hi kan inmamawh dan a inanglo hret hreta, kan mamawh loh kha engin emaw a mamawh. a mamawhtu kha eng atan emaw kan mamawh ve leh thin; chutiang taka he khawvela Pathian thilsiam te hi inmamawh tawn kan ni. Ecological balance chungchang entirna pakhat chu rul chungchangah hian a ni awm e:

Mizo te hian rul hi kan haw hle maia, Eden huan nena kan sawi zawm tawh phei chuan rul zawng zawng hi kan hmu setana vek mai thin. Tunhnaia Mizorama rul chuk vanga thihna leh hliam tuar tam zawk hi Ecological balance buai vang niin a lang. Rulngan hi rul dang eitu langsar tak a ni a, Mizorama rulchuk tamzawk hi rulngan chuk nilovin ruldang (khuavang rul – Black Krait, Rultuha etc) chuk a ni a. Rul tur nei dang eitu tur, rulngan a tlem avangin rul chuk hi a tam ta sawt ni berin a lang. Chutiang zelin rul population vawngthatu ber chu rulngan a ni. Khuarel kalphungah hian top predator (a eitu lian ber) hi an tlem ber thin a, hnawksak tham khawp rulngan hi an awm a rinawm loh. Chutiang zelin thilnung pakhat a tlem/awm tak loh avang hian kan rin phak bakin nghawng a nei pawi thei a ni.

Pathianin khawvel kalphung a duan danah hian inei tawna, inchawm tawn tur kan ni a; eitu lian ber pawh a thih meuh chuan sulrul leh lei hrik ten an eirala, chu chu hnim leh thlai te chawmtu a lo ni ve leh tho thin, chutiang taka inmamawh tawn chu kan ni. Sik leh sa danglam nasa tuar chhuak ve theilo thilnung, thilsiam dangte laka nghawng nei lian si an awm; chu harsatna chu kan hmachhawn chho tan mek a ni.

  1. Engtia hmuhalh tur nge?

Duhâm loh hi a hnukhnai ber a ni a, zawh harsa ber a ni thung awm e. Environment pawimawh zia sawiin Prof. Guy McPherson chuan, “Environment aia sum leh pai a pawimawh zawka i hriat chuan thaw lovin i pawisa kha han chhiar chhin teh” a ti a. Kan dam khawchhuah nana pawimawh leh tul hmasa zawk aia sum leh pai kan ngaihpawimawh hmasak zawk hi chuan kan khawvel hian a chhiat belh zel dawn a ni.

Environment humhalh nana inzirtirna lar tak chu “three R” an tih mai – Reduce, Reuse leh Recycle te hi a ni a, heng bakah hian thalai ten kan tih theih tam tak a awm awm e.

4.1 Mamawh tih tlem (Reduce):

Kan mamawh tih tlem leh ningnawi tih tlem hi environment humhalhna tha taka ni. Kan mamawh siamchhuahnan hian tha leh tui, natural resource tam tak hman ral thin a ni a, ningnawi kan ngah hian a lo thlawnin kan natural resource te kan khawhral tihna a ni bawk. Chu chuan environment-ah a pawi zawngin nghawng a nei nasa hle a ni.

4.2 Hman nawn (Reuse):

Hman hnu hman nawn theih thil kan hman nawn hram hram hi a pawimawh hle. A bik takin tawihral mai theilo thil – sarang leh plastic te phei chu hman nawn a theih chhung hman nawn a tha.

4.3 Tuai thar (Recycle):

Kan hmanrua leh bungraw neih tam tak hi tuai thara, siam rema, her rem theih thil a ni a, chutiang thildanga siam theih emaw, her rem theih emaw, tuai thar theih emaw chu kan tuai thar zel a pawimawh hle. Motor ke (tyre) chhia hmangin bal-tin te, pangpar khawina leh hrui te an siama, eizawn nan hial te an hmang a. KTP te pawhin sumtuaknan lehkhachhia te kan khawna, kan hralha, lehkhapuanah bawk an lo tuai thar leh a, chutiang zelin tuai thara siam rem theih loh hi tlem te chauh a ni.

4.4 Lakchhuah (Recover):

Environment humhalhna chungchangah hian 3R hi nasa taka sawi thin a ni a, tunhnaiah hian “R” palina “Recover” hi inzirtir chhoh leh mêk a ni bawk. Hnawmhnawk kan neih hrang hrang te zinga mi, hman tlem theih ngawt si loh, hmannawn theih bawk si loh leh tuai thar theih chuang si loh te tangkai zawka hman theih dan kawng a ni ber awm e. Heng hnawm kan neih hoah hian chakna (energy) lakchhuah theihna atanga lakchhuah (eg. Bio-gas) dan kawng hi dapa, hmalak theih a ni.

4.5 Chin dawklak kan inenfiahna tur te:

Ramdang thlai leh ran (pet), exotic variety kan lalut nasa hian kan rama tualto leh awm sa te nasa takin a nghawng bawk. Hei hi a pawi theih zia kan ngiahtuah vak lo hlawm niin a lang. Kan than harh a hun viau a ni. Hnamdang kan huata, kan ngaihmawh teh lul nen hian ramdang thlai leh ran te erawh kan ngaisang viau lawia. Kan rama thlai leh ran te hian an haw ve ngawtin a rinawm!

Bawlhhlawh paih leh sawngbawl dan hi hma kan sawnna tur pawimawh tak a ni. Khawlaia leh kawrkama bawlhlawh paih mai mai te, hawina lam apianga kuhva funna leh cigarette kawr leh zial bung thehthlak te, lirthei atanga thil eina ningnawi theh thlak mai mai te hi kan sim a hun hle.

Kohhran, KTP leh chianti-thatni-a kan leklam tak, Thermocole kan tih mai “Styrofoamdisposable item kan hman dan chungchangah hian kan fimkhura, kan uar loh tial tial a tul viau bawk. Styrofoam te hi a tawih ral ve theiloa, a zan em avangin thliin a chhem leng nasa a, a hnawksak leh zual; sarang leh plastic te tluk zetin a hnawksak chho tan niin a lang.

4.6 Ramngaw humhalh

Environment enkawlna kawnga englai pawha pawimawh reng, a ki pui chu ramngaw humhalh hi a ni. Ramngaw ti riraltuah hian loneitu te chauh hi kan puh fo thina, ngaihtuahna thar kan sen a tul viau. Ram hmasawnna in a hrin, kawngpui tha te, hmasawnna ruh rel building lian leh khir pui pui te, factory tena ramngaw an tihchereu nasat zia te, Insakna hmanrua leh Inchhung mamawh siam nana ngaw kan thiah nasat zia hian sawi a hlawh lo fo thin. Ramngaw chereu loh theih dana ei kan zawn thiam a pawimawh. Thing phun leh enkawl puitlin hi kan tih tur pawimawh tak a ni.

Tlipna

Pathianin he lei hi mihringte chenna tlak turin ni 6 chhung a buatsaih lawk a. Chumi niruk chhung chuan mihring te mamawh tur a dah kim vek a ni tih Gen 1 & 2-ah te kan hmu a. Chutiang taka uluka Pathianin a duan kan enkawl dan leh kan hman dan erawhin ngaihtuah a ti thui tak zet a ni. Hnam mawl apiangin Pathian kutchhuak te an ngaihluin an zaha, hnam fing leh hmasawn inti apiangin an duh danin an chinglet vel niin a lang. Sam ziaktu chuan “Ramhnuaia sa tinreng hi ka ta asin, Tlang tina cheng ramsate pawh ka ta a ni. Tlanga sava tinrengte pawh ka hria a, Thil nung zawng zawng pawh ka ta a ni” (Sam 50:10 & 11) a ti a. Pathian thilsiam zinga chungnungber, mihring te hian Pathian ta kan enkawl a ni tih inhre thar leh ila, a siamtu leh a dintu zahna nen kan environment hi i enkawl ang u.

Sawiho tur te:

  1. Environment humhalh kawngah engtin nge KTP ten hma kan lak ang?
  2. Thilsiam tinreng te hi inmamawh tawna inpeng tawn theuh kan ni tih hi kan pawm em? (Pawm/pawm loh chhan sawi ni se)
  3. Thilsiam dangte laka kan mawhphurhna hi hlen tha tawkin kan inhria em?

 

[For Maubawk Bial KTP – 30.07.2017]

Green Mizoram

Mizorama ramgaw siam thar lehna tura hmalakna lianber Green Mizoram hi programme tangkai tak leh hlu tak a ni a, kum 10 zet kan lo hmang ta, a hlawhtlinna lo lang chho zel se a duhawm hle mai. Kuminah pawh Sorkarin he hun hi hmang leh turin ruahmanna a siama, hlawhtling taka kan hman ngei theihna turin i tang sauh sauh teh ang u. Kum 1998 khan ‘Green Aizawl’ tiin Mizoram Sorkar remhriatnain thingphun beihpui thlak a lo ni tawh a, chumi dung zui chuan huam zau zawk, ram pum tuam chhuak turin ‘Green Mizoram’ tiin kum 1999 atang khan hman tan a ni ta a ni.

State Level Committee on Green Mizoram-a Chairman hmasaber chu khatih hunlaia Chief Minister Pu Zoramthanga a ni a, tlawmngai pawl hrang hrang aiawh te leh Sorkar lam aiawh te nen mi 19 lai member an awm a, meeting hmasaber hi May 25, 1999-ah an nei a, he meeting-ah hian Sub-Committee on Green Mizoram din lehin, he sub-Committee hian Green Mizoram kal zel dan tur a duang chho ta a ni. Hemi kum atang hi chuan kum tin Green Mizoram Programme hi hman chhunzawm a ni ta zel a, June thla remchang-ah Green Mizoram Day puangin thingphun beihpui thlak thin a ni.

2 years old Chukrasia spp plantation

Mizoram Sorkarin Green Aizawl leh Green Mizoram a duan chhuah hma pawh hian Central Sorkar thupek angin kum 1952 atang khan thingphun kutpui ‘VANAMAHOTSAVA’ chu hman thin a ni a, India ram State dangte ang bawkin Mizoramah pawh hman thin a ni. Green Mizoram-in a tum ber chu kawngkam, Sorkar leh mimal hmunah te leh hmun remchang lai apianga thingphuna Mizoram hi Buannel rama siam leh a ni a (Green Mizoram 2005 Information Brochure, published by E&F Dept. Gov’t of Mizoram), hemi tih hlawhtlin a nih theih nan hian kumtinin thing tiak, a sing tela phun thin a ni.

Kum 1998 atanga kum tina thing tiak phun zat lo en ila:

 

Year Thingtiak phun zat Remark
1998 94,063 Observed as Green Aizawl
1999 1,50,739
2000 1,51,661
2001 2,52,594
2002 3,000 Data insufficient
2003 34,753
2004 2,50,672
2005 1,42,380
2006 1,87,229
2007 1,61,414
2008 1,58,673

 

Green Aizawl tia tan a nih atanga kum 2008 thlenga thing tiak phun zat chu 1,587,178 a ni a (Forest Division hrang hrang ten thingtiak an sem chhuah zat a ni mah mah! Division thenkhat ten Office pui lamah report an pek muan deuh thin avangin data a kim tak tak theilo bawk), kum 2007 bikah hian thing tiak phun belh vak aiin phun tawh sa thawm \hat hna thawh a ni. Hetia a lan mai dan chuan kum 1998 atang khan Mizoramah hian kum tin thing sing chuang fe phun ziah a ni a, thangkhat lian a liam leh meuh chuan Mizoram kawngpui dung chu ngaw khup tawh tura ngaih a ni.

Beiseina sang tak nei chungin Sorkarin sum tam tak sengin thingphun beihpui a thlaka, chu beihpuiah chuan mipui te pawh kan telve theihna turin ruahmanna a siama, sorkar department hrang hrang te pawh thing an phunna tur hmun bik te a ruahman sak thin. Thing tiak phun tur buaipui ringawt pawh hi thil hau tak tak a ni a, chutiang bawkin a phun pawh hi thil namailo tak a ni. Chung zawng zang aia hautak leh pawimawh zawk chu a enkawl zui hi a ni. Green Mizoram Programme hnuaia thing kan phun tam zawk hian enkawl zui a hlawh vak lo niin a langa, hemi lam kawngah hian tan lak thar a ngai hle a. Kum 1998-’99 chho vela thing kan phun te hi lo thang lian chho ta zel nise chuan an tuai fur tawhin a rinawm, hetiang hmuh tur erawh hi chu a la vang rih hle thung. Kum 2008 thlenga thingtiak nuai chuang kan phun tawh te hi engnge a dinhmun tih enfiaha enkawl chhoh ni thei sela kum thum kum li chhung vel chu phun belh rih tawh loa, phun sa enkawl puitling turin hma la ta ila, chuan Green Mizoram hlawhtlinna rah hi kan hmu hma zualin a rinawm. Sorkarin ruahmanna thar siam thei se a duhawm tak zet a ni.

Green Mizoram Programme-a thing phunna hmun hrim hrim pawh hi kan uluk zual deuh a tha hle bawk. Kawngkam hnai lutuka thingphun te hi lo nung chhoin lo thanglian chho ta se chuan, kawngpui ti chêptu a ni thei hial ang, amaherawhchu kawngpui an siam laia foundation-a an hman lung chang tak tak te tawn tlang zo khawpa thing zung chak/chang tha kan la phun fuh loh avang erawh chuan hetiang hi a thleng lo turah ngai ila. A puitlina a than len theihna ngei tur hmuna phun hi a tha ber mai! Khawpui leh a chhehvela ngaw siam hi ‘Urban Forestry’ an ti a, mithiam te chuan uluk taka duangin thingphun tur bik leh phun dan tur kalhmang fel takin an ruahman thin; khawpui chhungah phei chuan thing zar buk (Large crown) chi ai chuan thing zar buk tê (small/medium crown) chi te hi phun theih nise, chu chu nakin zela khawpui than chhoh nan pawh a that zawk thu an sawi uar hle thin. Tin, a rah rannung tena a tlan theih chi ni thei bawk se, thing enkawl awlsam leh thang chak, kawng chi hrang hranga hman theih ‘Multipurpose Tree’ te hi an thlang deuh kher thin.

Kuminah pawh hian Sorkar chuan Lammual velah thing tiak 20000 zet phun a tum mek a, Forest Nursery-a thing tiak an neih ang ang phun ringawt lovin, nakin zel ngaihtuah chungin, a ruka hnawk kan tih ngawih ngawih, kih emaw, a zar thlak emaw kan hreh viau tur si ai chuan khawpui thang zel tan pawha hnawk miah lo tur phun ni thei se la, a zar buk chi kan phun dawn a nih pawhin hmun rai tha lai deuh, nakin zelah pawha hnawk (anga lang) lo tur laiah phun ni thei se, chutiang tur chuan Forest Department lama thawktu te pawh hian ruahman thei se a duhawm hle.

Green Mizoram kan hman hun hrim hrim pawh hi ngaihtuah \hat deuh a ngai maithei e. Forest Deparmtent-a hun rei tak thawk tawh, Plantation engemaw zat dina, enkawl puitling tawh pakhat chuan Mizotena thlai chi thlak hun pangngaia kan neih, |o haw hmaa phun hi fur chhiaa phun ai chuan a hlawhtling zawkin a sawi teh tlat. Zokhaw lama Pa rawn deuhte pawhin hetiang tho hian an sawi bawk. Indigenous Knowledge hian Agroforestry-ah hi chuan ngaihven a hlawh thina, thingphun leh thlai enkawlna atana an hriatna leh thiamna te hian zirngun a hlawh hle thin. Keini pawhin kan ti ve thei reng a nia, a lo that zawk hlauh takin!

David C. Vanlalfakawma

Department of Forestry,

Mizoram University

[Published on Vanglaini Mizo Daily Vol. XXV No. 134 June 9, 2010]

BIODIVERSITY DAY 2012

Biodiversity tih hi Mizo tawng thumal ang maiin kan hmang ta a, a bikin zirlai leh lehkha thiam sang zawkte te zingah phei chuan tawngkam lar tak a ni mek a. Mizo tawnga a tlukpui chiah thumal awm lo mahse hrilhfiahna chi hrang hrang a tam hle bawk. A tawi zawngin “Biodiversity chu leia thil nung chi tinreng te” tiin a sawifiah theih mai awm e; thil nung te mai bakah an chenna hmun, an awmna hmun te pawh a huam tel bawk. Biodiversity tih tawngkam hi phuahtu leh hmang hmasatua sawi mi chi hrang hrang an awma, kum 1988-a American Scientist, EO Wilson-an a thuziaka a hman chu he tawngkam  hmanna hmasa ber a pawm tlan a ni.

Biodiversity Day hi kum 1993 atangin, UN General Assembly ruahmannain hman tan a ni a, kum 2000 thlengin Dec. 29-ah International Biodiversity Day hi hman thin a ni a, kum 2001 atangin May 22-ah hman tan a ni thung. Kum tinin Biodiversity Day-ah hian thupui bik neia hun hman thin a ni a, kumina thupui chu ‘Marine Biodiversity’ tih a ni a, tufinriat leh tuipui-a thilnung tinrengte chungchang chu kumin a thupui ber tur a ni.

Biodiversity chu engnge a tangkaina?

Biodiversity chu engnge a pawimawhna? Thilnung chi hrang tlemte chauh awm mahse engnge a pawina? Thosi te hi engnge a tangkaina? Zawhna chi hrang hrang a awm thei ang. A tangkaina leh a pawimawhna kan hriat hi a tul reng a, Mizo te hi rannung chunga kan nunrawn vang hrim hrim ai mahin a tangkaina kan hriat tawk loh vanga hnawk ti a, thenfai tum kan ni mah mahin a lang.

Leia thilnung chi tinreng te hi inmamawh tawn theuh tura Pathianin a siam te kan ni a, tumah hi mahnia dingchhuak emaw, nung thei emaw kan awm lo; Mizo thufingin “Lungpui pawh lungtein a kam ki loh chuan a awm thei lo” a tih ang khan. Pathian thilsiam tinreng te, a bikin nunna nei te hi ineia, chaw insiam saka, inmamawh tawn kan nia, chu chu Ecological term chuan “Food Chain” an ti a, entirnan, thlai chu producer (mahnia chaw insiam thei) an ni a, thlai ei mi rannung hrang hrang te chuan eitu rannung dang an nei leh a, chung rannung te chuan an ni aia lian eitu dang an nei leh a, chutiang zelin. Food chain-ah hian producer (mahnia chaw insiam thei – thlai) chu an tam ber a ngaia, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer tiin an tlem chho tial tial thin.

Food chain chi hrang hrang awmkhawm chu “Food Web” an ti a, Food Chain pakhat hi a buai chuan Food Web a nghawnga, Food Web buai chuan Ecological imbalance kan tih mai hi a thlen leh a, chu chuan thil nung tinreng te hi min tibuai thin a ni, a tawpa tuar nasa bertu chu mihring te bawk hi kan ni. Upa ten an sawi fo thin, mihring sa ei tawh Sakei chuan mihring sa lo chu a ei duh tawh lo tiin, hei hi a chhan ber ni a lang chu Sakeiin eitur Sazuk/Sakhi etc a tlachhama, a seh thei lova, remchang takin mihring seh tur a hmu hlauhva chuvang chuan mihring a seh ta tihna a ni mai. Hliam leh engemaw dang avanga lo ei te chu awm ve bawk mahse, a bul berah chuan Sakei Food Chain buai vang a ni. Hetiang zel hian hnim a tam viau chuan a tam lutuk tur ven nan ei ral turin hnim hnah ei mi an puanga, hnim hnah eimi tam lutuk tur veng turin sahel eimi an rawn puang ve leh thuai thin.

Biodiversity pawimawhna Food Chain hmanga sawifiahna hi a tawi leh a awlsam thei ber chu a ni mai awm e. Rannung engemaw hi rannung dang chaw a ni zela, chutianga inchawm tawna, tam lutuk tur insuat tawn tura siam chu kan ni.

Biodiversity buaiin engnge a nghawng theih?

A tam mai! Food Chain hmang bawkin sawi fiah dawn teh ang. Tho hi rannung chimawm tak, mihring te min tihlum fotu a ni. Chuti si engatinge Pathianin a siam? Tho hi rannung danglam tak mai a ni a, inthlahpunna hmun atan bawlhhlawh leh hnawmhnawk a hmang thina, chuta a tui chuan chung hnawmhnawk chu inhnangfak nan a hmanga, hnawmhnawk tawih rimchhe tur kha a eiral thin a ni. Tho hi awm lo ta se chuan kan khawvel hi a rimchhe ngawt ang. Tichuan tho tam lutuk tur veng turin tho ei chi rannung dang – bak, maimawm, sava, utawk etc te a lo awm leh a, chutianga inkhaidiat chho vek chu a ni; Utawk te hi awmlo ta se chuan tho a tam leh hle thung anga, mihring ten kan tuar viau dawn tihna a nih chu.

Mizoramah zawngtah kung a tlem ta hle mai; zawngtah kung tam tak a nget a, a thih tak vang a ni. Heng zawngtah kung nget te venga, a nget hrik min eiral saktu sava chi hrang hrang a lo tlem tak vang a ni. Biodiversity buai tuartu chu mihring te hi kan ni zel mai.

Biodiversity zirchian engnge a tulna?

Mizoram hi thil nung chi tinreng tamna hmun a ni a, World Biodiversity Hotspot an tih zinga Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot chhunga awm kan ni a, kan vannei hle a ni. Thing chi hrang hrang, hnim chi hrang hrang kan nei a, ramsa/rannung chi hrang hrang – luia cheng chi te, khawmuala cheng chi chi hrang tam tak kan neia, kan neih zatve pawh hi kan la hrekim awm love!

Hemi lam kawnga zirchianna hi kawng hrang hrangin Mizoram University leh College lama kan mithiam ten an thawk meka, tunhnaiah pawh sangha chi thar, laiking chi thar, utawk chithar tih te, mau chi thar tihte an hmuchhuak zung zung mai. Hmuh chhuaha zirchian hman tak loh engzatnge riral tawh ang? Tih erawh ngaihtuah tham a tling. Heng kan rama rannung leh thilnung chi tinrengte hi zirchiana, an pawimawhna kan hriat a tul tak zeta, an chungchang kan hraitchian phawt loh chuan humhalhna kawngah hna a thawh sawt theih loh a ni. Hemi kawngah hian sorkar pawh a inhawng hle a, ram leilung fate ngeiin a zirchian hna an thawh theihna turin ruahmanna te a siam zela a lawmawm tak zet a ni.

Hman lawk kha chuan Mizo te thinlungah hian rulin huat a hlawh a, rul tawh phawt chu tihhlum zel mai kan duh a, mahse zir miten an han zirchiana, rul hlauhawm loh dan te, a tangkai dan te an han sawi meuh chuan rul kan huatna pawh a zia awm viau tawh a ni. Rulngan chu rul dang eitu a nih dan te an han sawi chuan Rulngan hlauhna leh huatna te a tlahniam ta hle. Pathianin mihringte koa a dah thilnung chi tinrengte enkawl hi tihlawhtling tur chuan heng thilnung tinrengte hi kan hriatchian a pawimawh tak zet a ni.

Biodiversity humhalhna dan

Biodiversity pawimawhna leh Biodiversity buaiin a nghawng theih thil hrang hrang te khawvelin a hrechiang chho tial tial a, chuvang chuan a humhalh dan tur leh Biodiversity chhe zel tur ven dan tur chi hrang hrang te an ruahman chho zel a, India ngei pawhin kum 2002 khan Biodiversity huhmhalhna dan “Biodiversity Act 2002” tih chu a siama, hemi hnuaiah hian Mizoram Sorkar pawhin “Mizoram Biodivesrity Rules 2010” a siam ve bawk. Heng danah te hian Biodiversity humhalhna kawnga Sorkarin hma a lak dan tur te, Biodiversity humhalh dan hrang hrang te leh zirchiang duh te khuahkhirhna dan te, tangkai leh him zawka leilung hausakna hman dan tur te,  dan bawhchhe hrem dan te a chuang bawk. Hemi chungchang hi zirchian leh inhrilhfiah ngai tak a ni a, hemi kawngah pawh hian hma lak choh zel a tul khawp mai.

Biodiversity tichhetu te

Biodiversity tichhe theitu thil chi hrang hrang awm zingah mihring te hi kan zual kai ber awm e, chumi bakah chuan “Invasive Alien Species” an tih, tualto nilo hmundanga mi lakluh, a awmsa te dip ral thin ang chi ho hi. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) te chuan kum zabi 17-na atanga tun thleng a thilnung thi mang tawh za a 40 (40%) hi heng Invasive Alien Species  te vang niin an chhut a. Mizoramah pawh hian hetiang ang chi deuh, hmundang atanga kan chawk luh a tam ta mai, heng ang ho hian engtiang chiahin nge kan ram a khawih ang tih ngaihtuah ngun a ngai viau a ni. Alien Species tih hi Exotic species tih nen thuhmun a ni a, an awm lohna tur rama an awm hi chuan thlai an ni emaw, rannung an ni emaw nghawng thalo a nei thin. A nghawng lang nghal ut ut lo mah sela khuareiah a lang tho tho thin. Heng Mizorama tualto nilo thing leh mau chi hrang hrang kan lakluh vak vak te hian nghawng a nei chho zelin a rinawm. Eucalyptus plantation in leichhunga tui, water table a nghawng pawi dan kan tawng baw tawh a, Teak plantation avanga ramngaw tha kan chan nasat zia te, soil texture (leilung) a khawih danglam dan zia te kan hre chho mek bawk a. Khawmual chengkawl lianin huan thlai a eichhiat nasat zia kan hre chho mek bawk. Mizoram hi Biodiversity-ah a hausa tawk a, thil chi thar vak hi lakluh a ngai lemin a lang lo, tuna a awmsa pawh kan venghim hleitheilo a nih laia, thil chi dang lakluh tum hi a fuh ber lo, a la pawithui thei viau zui bawk si.

Biodivesristy day 2012

Kan sawi tawh angin kumina International Biodiversity Day thupui atan ‘Marine Biodiversity’ tih chu thlan a ni a, tufinriat leh tuipui-a thilnung tinrengte chungchang chu kumina thupui ber tur a ni. Tuipui leh tuifinriat hi thilnung chi hrang hrang tamna a ni a, nasa taka zirchian mek a ni. Kum sawm chhung, 2000 – 2010,  a khawvel ram hrang hrang sawmriat a scientist rual mi 2700 zet ten an zirchiannaa a lan danin thilnung chi hrang 1200 zet an hmuh chhuah belha, zirchian zel tura an lak chi hrang 5000 zet an la  kawl tha bawk. Tuipuia thilnung chi hrang awm an zirchiana, a hming an vuah tawh hi chi hrang 250,000 vel zet a ni tawh a, la zirchhunzawm zel a niin, maktaduai tal chu a awm tlin an ring. Mi thenkhat phei chuan hemi let hnih lai hi tlingin an ring bawk.

Mizoramah hian tuipui emaw tuifinriat emaw nei lemlo mah ila lui-tui lam kaihhnawih, rannung leh thil nung chi tinreng kan neih avangin hetilam kawnga her rem hret pawh hi a sual awm love. Mizoramah hian sangha chi hrang 90 vel awma hriat a nia, zirchian chhoh mek zel a ni a, hei ai hian a tam ngei a beisei awm. Chhimluang leh hmar luanga sangha a chi a danga, chuvang chuan sangha chi hrnag awm zat hi a danglam thei viauin a rinawm. Sangha bak thil nung ci dang dawm te phei chu a hriat pawh kan la hre manglo zawk a ni, tan kan lak a ngai hle mai.

Lui dunga sangha chi chhuah vak vak kan ching erawh hi chu ngaihtuah ngun a ngai viau mai. A chung kan sawi tak Invasive Alien Species ang khi a ni palh ang tih a hlauhawm hle a ni. A tlangpui thuin heng luia kan chhuah thin te hi dil sangha, tui tlinga kahwsa chi niin a langa, lui tui luangah hian an tan dam khaw chhuah a har viauin a rinawm, tul lova sum khawhralna te pawh a ni hial thei. Cutih rual chuan an tha duh leh ltutuk anga, a awmsa te a nek ral vek ang tih a hlauhawm bawk. Fak hla siamtuin “Kawng dik emaw kan tih dik silo…” a tih ang deuh hi kan zawh lek lek thin chu a ni e.

Tlangkawmna

Biodiversity conservation te, Environment vawnhim te kan sawi thina, thahnem ngai takin mahni thiam ang tawkin hma te kan la thina, tin hemi lam kawngah hian kan thangharh zel bawk a a lawmawm tak zet a ni. Chutih rual mi thenkhat, hemi chungchanga la ngawng ve tak tak te an awm bawk, thenkhat phei chuan a tulna an la hrelo hial awm e. Heng mite hrilh hriat hi a hre tawh te mawh a ni a, an hriatlohna avanga an bawhchhiat palh changa dem rawna, deuhsawh luai luai lo hian an bawhchhiat lohna tura hrilh hriat hi kan mawhphurhna a ni. Khawvela thil nung tinrengte hi inmamawh tawn theuh kan ni a, inzah tawna intanpui tawn theuh tur kan ni tih hi hre thar leh ila, thilnung dang te tello chuan mihring te tan dam khaw chhuah ngaihna a awm lo a ni tih hre thar bawk ila, thilsiamdangte chungah niglneihna i lan tir zel ang u.

[Published on Vanglaini Mizo Daily May 22, 2012]