Mizorama tualṭo mau leh rua kan neih zingah Rawmi (Botanical name – Dendrocalamus sikkimensis) hi a lian ber a, a ṭhat duhna hmunah chuan ‘ui pum tia tia a ni thei e,’ an ti ṭhin; a tlang tehkuala 1ft hi chu a vantlang pawl a ni. Awm duhna hmun bik nei, Zo bawm (1000 – 1800m msl) a nih avangin mau leh raw dang ang chuan Mizoramah hian a ṭona hmun a tam lo a, Zo nazawngah a ṭo hek lo. Hei vang hi ni maw, raw dang ang chuan kan hmang nasa lo deuh. Mizoram bakah India hmarchhak state dang – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland leh Sikkim-ah te a tualṭo a, tin, China leh Bhutan-ah te pawh a tualṭo bawk.
Raw lian tak (a lai hawlhtlanga 12 – 18cm), sang thei tak (17 – 22m), hung nei chi, chang dam zet mai a ni a, a pum a chhah lutuk loh avangin a deh a nuam viau bawk. Chutih rual erawh chuan a duap avangin engtiang taka tlo nge ni ang? Tih erawh ngaihtuah ngun deuh a ngai awm e. Tin, hmanraw dang hmanga sawngbawla tih tlo deuh pawh a ngai ngeiin a rinawm. Sikkim rama Bawṭe ho leh Lepcha ho chuan ‘Chungas’ siam nan an hmang uar hle a, chu chu tui leh bawnghnute bur atan an hmang ṭhin a, ran chaw atan an hmang ṭhin bawk. A hnah hi erawh bawng tan túr niin an sawi thung (Tewari, 1992). Kerala-ah kum 1992 khan lakluh a nia, anni chuan pal atan te, tui dawt atan te an hmang a (Jijeesh et al., 2012), tin, lehkhapuan siamna atana hmantlak a nih thu finfiah a ni tawh bawk (Holstrom, 1993). Mizote pawhin hmanlai chuan tui um atan an hmang nasa ṭhin a, thirdeng pûm atan te, dâp atan te pawh an hmang ṭhin bawk.
Rawmi tâm
Mau leh rua hian tâm dan hlun deuh bik chi hnih an nei a chung te chu tampui (gregarious) leh tam-kahpah (sporadic) a ni a, mau chi ṭhenkhat chu kum tina tam (annual) te pawh a awm ve bawk. ‘Chumi chi chu chutiang chuan a tâm’ tih ngawt hleihtheih a ni lo a, sik leh sa inher danin a nghawng dan leh a chi bul (seed source)-in kawngro a su viau niin a lang. Rawmi hi India rama a tâm an hriat theih hla ber chu kum 1885-a Sikim-a a tâm kha a ni a, Kalimpong chhehvelah kum 1916 chho khan tampui a thleng leh a, tin, Darjeeling chhehvelah kum 1991 khan tampui a thleng leh bawk (Sahoo, 1991).
Mizoramah hian 1977 – 1979 chhung khan Sangau chhehvelah a kahpahin a tam a (Mohan Ram and Gopal, 1981), kum 2003 khan Serkhan chhehvelah a kahpahin a tam bawk a, tunhnaiah pawh a kahpah thoin hmun hrang hrangah a tam leh bawk a. Kum 2011 khan Rengngo tlang, Dampa Tiger Reserve chhungah a tâm a, a chi hi EF&CC leh a chi ka pêk mi ṭhenkhat te pawhin an kui ṭiak nual nghe nghe. Hemi hnu pawh hian khawi khawi emawah a tam pheuh pheuh a, nikum, 2020 khan Leitan, Mission Vengthlang, Keifang, Buhban leh Chalfilh tlang chheh vêlah a tâm bawk. Buhban leh Chalfilh a mi tihloh hi chu phun chawp vek a ni thung. A theih ang ang chu a hmuna tlawhin sample kan la a, amaherawhchu Covid avanga inkhuahkhirhna hrang hrang avangin duh angin kan bawhzuiin kan zirchiang hlei thei ta lo a, a uiawm tak zet a ni. Tin, heng chhinchhiah bakah pawh hian mautam rual leh a hnu deuhah khan hmun ṭhenkhatah a tâm thu sawi an awm bawk.
Rawmi plantation – a beiseiawm em?
Sawi tawh angin Rawmi hi Zo-bawm rua a ni a, tin, ngaw kara ṭo chi, ngaw thing-in a khai a ngai ṭhin. Chutianga rinchhan tur a thatna hmunah, boruak leh lei hnawng ṭhatna hmunah chuan pum lian pui pui a ni thei a, amaherawhchu rinchhan tur ṭha a awmlohnaah chuan a ṭhan a ṭhu deuh ṭhin niin a lang. Tin, rua rau rauah chuan inthlahpung chaklo pawl tak, tuai chhuah tlem pawl tak a ni bawk.
Chuvang chuan Rawmi plantation hi engtiang chiaha kalpui nge an tum tih hi zawhna awm thei tak a ni. Mau leh raw dang anga ramngaw vah fai vek a, hal hnua a ṭiak phun tawp hian a nun chu a nung maithei, mahse khaitu tur thing awm lo, lei hnawng vawnghimtu thingkung leh hnimdang awmlohnaah, ni sain a em tlawk tlawkna hmunah an beisei anga lian an thar thei angem? Tih ngaihtuahnaah a awm. Ngaw karah a ṭiak hi phun ta pheuh pheuh se hlawk tham tharchhuah a har viau si angem? Tin, ngaw kara phun ngawt hi Revised National Bamboo Mission (NBM) hmathlir nen chuan a inpersan viau bawk si.
Tin, buan a hmaa kherh kan ni em lovang chu maw, eng atana hmanah nge an hisap? tih hi zawhna lian tak a ni bawk. Ram danga an hman dan te thlir chuan rua ho zingah pawha hman lar loh pawl tak a ni a, a ṭhat bik riauna an hre fuh te pawh a lo ni reng thei tho bawk e. Engpawh nise bamboo composite atan chuan a hman tlak ngei ang tih erawh a rinawm. A van avang leh a len avang ringawta bawh huam huam chi a ni angem?
Rawmi hi NBM Guidelines-in chin tur a thlan zingah a tello a. Amaherawhchu he guidelines hian tualṭo mau, a chingtu tur te duhthlan leh Industry lama hman ṭangkai theih te chu chin a remti thung. Mau-raw plantation siam tur hi sorkarin a thlang fel tawh a, chu’ng mite chuan Rawmi hi an lo thlang a nih chuan sawisel tur a awm lovang. Tin, Industry lamin Rawmi hi an lo mamawh viau avang emaw Industry lamin a ṭhatna an hre viau a, an lo duh ru viau tawh emaw a nih tal pawhin sawisel theih a ni lovang. Chutiang chu a nih loh hlauh erawh chuan NBM kaltlanga ṭanpuina kan beisei hi kan dawng theilo ang tih te pawh a hlauhawm thei viau mai.
Tlangkawmna
Nikum khan Covid inkhuahkhirhna vanglai tak maiin Dendrocalamus brandisii leh D. latiflorus ṭiak supply tur zawnna tender tihchhuah a ni a, kuminah Covid avang bawka inkhuahirhna kalpui a nih lai taka Rawmi ṭiak supply tur zawnna tihchhuah a ni leh hi ngaih kawih a awl khawp mai. A hnathawktu te hnena, Sawrkarin, vehbur a khawn zawh hlima sum tam tak sênna tur tender tihchhuah hi a bawplawka lo la duh an awm a nih pawhin a mawh love. Tin, nikumah hmun ṭhenkhatah a kahpahin a tam a, a tira Sorkar Policy-a tel sa miah lo, tualṭo mah nise, kumina an han duh thar ta thut hian ngaihtuahna a ti kal thui viau bawk. Nikuma hmun ṭhenkhata tâm kha a chi lain tuin emaw, sorkara tlatlum takin, a lo kui ṭiak bik khiau em ni ang? tia ngaihtuah loh a har viau bawk.
Engpawh nise sorkarin kan rama tualṭo ngei tihpun duhna thinlung a pu ve ta hi erawh a lawmawm tak zet a, hmasawnna ropui tak niin a lang. Engtianga tih puitlin tur chi nge ni a, eng ‘ecosystem‘ nge a mamawh tih te, a hmanna tur leh a hralhna tur chenin thui tak an thlir lawkin ruahmanna an siam lawk ngei beisei ang.
Thu laknate:
Holstrom, J. 1993. Utilization of bamboos in the Sikkim Himalayas. BIC-India Bullettin 3(1):22 – 24.
Jijeesh, C.M., Seethalakshmi, K.K. and Raveendran, V.P. 2012. Flowering, reproductive biology and post flowering behaviour of Dendrocalamus sikkimensis Gamble, in Kerala, India. The Journal of the American Bamboo Society 25(1): 36-42
Mohan Ram, H.Y. and Gopal, B.H. 1981. Some observation on the flowering of bamboos in Mizoram. Curr. Sci. 50:708 – 710.
Sahoo, A.K. 1991. Flowering of Bamboos in the foothills of Darjeeling Himalaya. Indian Forester, 117:84
Tewari, D.N. 1992. A monograph on bamboo. IBD, Dehradun
[Vanglaini XXXVI, May 14,2021-ah tihchhuah a ni]